Python Tutorial ( PDFDrive )

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HTTP_USER_AGENTPATH_INFOQUERY_STRINGREMOTE_ADDRREMOTE_HOSTREQUEST_METHODSCRIPT_FILENAMESCRIPT_NAMESERVER_NAMESERVER_SOFTWAREThe User-Agent request-header field contains information about the user agentoriginating the request. Its name of the web browser.The path for the CGI script.The URL-encoded information that is sent with GET method request.The IP address of the remote host making the request. This can be useful forlogging or for authentication purpose.The fully qualified name of the host making the request. If this information is notavailable then REMOTE_ADDR can be used to get IR address.The method used to make the request. The most common methods are GET andPOST.The full path to the CGI script.The name of the CGI script.The server's hostname or IP AddressThe name and version of the software the server is running.Here is small CGI program to list out all the CGI variables. Click this link to see the result Get Environment#!/usr/bin/pythonimport osprint "Content-type: text/html\r\n\r\n";print "<font size=+1>Environment</font><\br>";for param in os.environ.keys():print "<b>%20s</b>: %s<\br>" % (param, os.environ[param])GET and POST Methods You must have come across many situations when you need to pass some information from your browser to webserver and ultimately to your CGI Program. Most frequently, browser uses two methods two pass this informationto web server. These methods are GET Method and POST Method.Passing Information using GET method: The GET method sends the encoded user information appended to the page request. The page and the encodedinformation are separated by the ? character as follows:http://www.test.com/cgi-bin/hello.py?key1=value1&key2=value2The GET method is the default method to pass information from browser to web server and it produces a longstring that appears in your browser's Location:box. Never use GET method if you have password or othersensitive information to pass to the server. The GET method has size limtation: only 1024 characters can be sentin a request string. The GET method sends information using QUERY_STRING header and will be accessible inyour CGI Program through QUERY_STRING environment variable.You can pass information by simply concatenating key and value pairs along with any URL or you can use HTML<FORM> tags to pass information using GET method.TUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning
Simple URL Example : Get Method Here is a simple URL, which will pass two values to hello_get.py program using GET method./cgi-bin/hello_get.py?first_name=ZARA&last_name=ALIBelow is hello_get.py script to handle input given by web browser. We are going to use cgi module, whichmakes it very easy to access passed information:#!/usr/bin/python# Import modules for CGI handlingimport cgi, cgitb# Create instance of FieldStorageform = cgi.FieldStorage()# Get data from fieldsfirst_name = form.getvalue('first_name')last_name = form.getvalue('last_name')print "Content-type:text/html\r\n\r\n"print "<html>"print "<head>"print "<title>Hello - Second CGI Program</title>"print "</head>"print "<body>"print "<h2>Hello %s %s</h2>" % (first_name, last_name)print "</body>"print "</html>"This would generate the following result:Content-type:text/htmlHello ZARA ALISimple FORM Example: GET Method Here is a simple example which passes two values using HTML FORM and submit button. We are going to usesame CGI script hello_get.py to handle this input.<form action="/cgi-bin/hello_get.py" method="get">First Name: <input type="text" name="first_name"> Last Name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /><input type="submit" value="Submit" /></form>Here is the actual output of the above form. You enter First and Last Name and then click submit button to see theresult.First Name:Last Name:SubmitTUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning
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Python Tutorial
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ABOUT THE TUTORIALPython TutorialPy
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Description .......................
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Syntax ............................
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Example ...........................
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Parameters ........................
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Return Value ......................
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Parameters ........................
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Parameters ........................
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Locating Modules: .................
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Parameters ........................
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Description .......................
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Return Value ......................
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Example ...........................
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Parameters ........................
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Regular-expression Modifiers - Opti
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Starting a New Thread: ............
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Example: ..........................
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CHAPTER1Python OverviewPython is a
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CHAPTER2Python EnvironmentBefore we
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• To use this installer python-XY
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-c cmd run Python script sent in as
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This will produce the following res
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file_name = raw_input("Enter filena
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$ python -husage: python [option] .
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print 'Input file is "', inputfilep
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Here, an integer object is created
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Python Lists: Lists are the most v
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FunctionDescriptionint(x [,base])Co
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CHAPTER5Python Basic OperatorsWhat
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Line 4 - Value of c is 2Line 5 - Va
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Line 5 - a is greater than bLine 6
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| Binary OR Operator copies a bit i
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else:print "Line 3 - a and b are tr
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if ( id(a) == id(b) ):print "Line 2
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When you execute the above program,
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if statementsif...else statementsne
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Example: #!/usr/bin/pythonvar1 = 10
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else:print "Could not find true exp
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Loop Typewhile loopfor loopDescript
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num = raw_input("Enter a number :")
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Good bye!Iterating by Sequence I
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11 is prime13 is prime17 is prime19
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continue statement The continue st
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CHAPTER8Python NumbersNumber data t
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max(x1, x2,...)min(x1, x2,...)modf(
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Syntax Following is the syntax for
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import math# This will import math
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import mathmath.log10( x )Note: Thi
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modf(x) Description The method modf
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round( x [, n] )Parameters • x --
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Return Value This method returns a
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seed([x]) Description The method se
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asin(x)Note: This function is not a
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print "atan2(-10,10) : ", math.atan
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Note: This function is not accessib
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import mathprint "degrees(3) : ", m
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CHAPTER9Python StringsStrings are a
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+ Concatenation - Adds values on ei
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TAB ( \t ) and they will show up th
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str = "this is string example....wo
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Return Value This method returns a
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Description The method expandtabs()
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Traceback (most recent call last):F
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Let us compile and run the above pr
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str = "This is string example....wo
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str = "-";seq = ("a", "b", "c"); #
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lstrip() Description The method lst
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Max character: xmin(str) Descriptio
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str = "this is really a string exam
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Parameters • chars -- You can sup
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Parameters• str -- This is the st
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Parameters • NAReturn Value This
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Example The following example shows
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CHAPTER10Python ListsThe most basic
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Python Expression Results Descripti
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list( seq )Parameters • seq -- Th
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Return Value If elements are of th
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list.insert(index, obj)Parameters
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CHAPTER11Python TuplesAtuple is a s
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len((1, 2, 3)) 3 Length(1, 2, 3) +
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-11-1len(tuple) Description The met
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min value element : 200tuple(seq) D
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#!/usr/bin/pythondict = {'Name': 'Z
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34str(dict)Produces a printable str
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type(variable) Description The meth
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Return Value This method does not
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CHAPTER13Python Date & TimeApython
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#!/usr/bin/pythonimport time;localt
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import timeprint "time.altzone %d "
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Parameters • sec -- These are the
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• %w - day of the week as a decim
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time.time( ) Description The metho
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2time.tznameAttribute time.tzname i
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CHAPTER14Python FunctionAfunction i
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#!/usr/bin/python# Function definit
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return;# Now you can call printinfo
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Inside the function : 30Outside the
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A module is loaded only once, regar
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'sqrt', 'tan', 'tanh']Here, the spe
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CHAPTER16Python Files I/OThis chapt
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rb+WWbw+wb+AAba+ab+Opens a file for
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fo.write( "Python is a great langua
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EXAMPLE: Following is the example t
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operations from the operating syste
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# Close opened filefo.close()Let us
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Parameters • NAReturn Value This
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Parameters • offset -- This is th
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Parameters • size -- If this opti
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Description The method writelines()
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53545556575859606162os.symlink(src,
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• stat.S_IRGRP: Read by group.•
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os.chroot("/tmp/usr")print "Changed
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Parameters • fd -- This is the or
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import os, sys# First go to the "/v
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Description The method fchown() cha
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Description The method fdopen() ret
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{'PC_MAX_INPUT': 2, 'PC_VDISABLE':
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# Open a filefd = os.open( "foo.txt
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print "Current working dir : %s" %
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path = "/var/www/html/foo.txt"fd =
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_vti_txtrobots.txtitemlistingresume
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# Close opened fileos.close( fd )#
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dev_num = os.makedev(major_dnum, mi
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Page 283 and 284: Description The method popen() open
Page 285 and 286: # !/usr/bin/pythonimport ossrc = '/
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Page 291 and 292: # stat informationstatinfo = os.sta
Page 293 and 294: Description The method tcgetpgrp()
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Page 297 and 298: Description The method ttyname() re
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Page 309 and 310: self.args = argSo once you defined
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Page 315 and 316: print 'Calling child method'c = Chi
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Page 323 and 324: \s Matches whitespace. Equivalent t
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Page 327 and 328: CHAPTER20Python CGI ProgrammingWhat
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Page 345 and 346: DELETE Operation: DELETE operation
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Page 353 and 354: Subject: SMTP e-mail testThis is a
Page 355 and 356: try:smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP('localho
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Page 365 and 366: print "Rating:", self.ratingelif se
Page 367 and 368: Format: DVDRating: PGDescription: T
Page 369 and 370: Tkinter Widgets Tkinter provides v
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Optionanchorbgbitmapbdcursorfontfgh
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selectmodeDetermines how many items
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Syntax: Here is the simple syntax t
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Menu The goal of this widget is to
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filemenu.add_command(label="Exit",
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Example: Try the following example
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WidthWraplengthWidth of the label i
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label appears in the top left corne
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Parameters: • master: This repres
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Parameters: • master: This repres
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mark_gravity(mark [,gravity])Return
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Methods & Descriptiondeiconify()Dis
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disabledbackgrounddisabledforegroun
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bgbdThe color of the slider and arr
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fontheightlabelAnchorhighlightbackg
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Standard attributes:Let's take a l
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• family: The font family name as
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B2.pack()B3.pack()B4.pack()B5.pack(
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• "heart"• "heart"• "man"•
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The grid() Method This geometry m
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CHAPTERPython Further Extensions27A
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This table needs to be terminated w
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Passing Function Parameters: Beca
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return (a + b)You can return two va
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CHAPTER28Python Tools/UtilitiesThe
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The profile Module: The profile m
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