Python Tutorial ( PDFDrive )

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Parameters: • master: This represents the parent window.• options: Here is the list of most commonly used options for this widget. These options can be used as keyvaluepairs separated by commas.OptionAnchorBgBitmapBdCursorFontFgHeightimagejustifyDescriptionThis options controls where the text is positioned if the widget has more space than the textneeds. The default is anchor=CENTER, which centers the text in the available space.The normal background color displayed behind the label and indicator.Set this option equal to a bitmap or image object and the label will display that graphic.The size of the border around the indicator. Default is 2 pixels.If you set this option to a cursor name (arrow, dot etc.), the mouse cursor will change to thatpattern when it is over the checkbutton.If you are displaying text in this label (with the text or textvariable option, the font optionspecifies in what font that text will be displayed.If you are displaying text or a bitmap in this label, this option specifies the color of the text. Ifyou are displaying a bitmap, this is the color that will appear at the position of the 1-bits in thebitmap.The vertical dimension of the new frame.To display a static image in the label widget, set this option to an image object.Specifies how multiple lines of text will be aligned with respect to each other: LEFT for flushleft, CENTER for centered (the default), or RIGHT for right-justified.padx Extra space added to the left and right of the text within the widget. Default is 1.pady Extra space added above and below the text within the widget. Default is 1.relieftexttextvariableunderlinewidthwraplengthSpecifies the appearance of a decorative border around the label. The default is FLAT; forother values.To display one or more lines of text in a label widget, set this option to a string containing thetext. Internal newlines ("\n") will force a line break.To slave the text displayed in a label widget to a control variable of classStringVar, set thisoption to that variable.You can display an underline (_) below the nth letter of the text, counting from 0, by setting thisoption to n. The default is underline=-1, which means no underlining.Width of the label in characters (not pixels!). If this option is not set, the label will be sized to fitits contents.You can limit the number of characters in each line by setting this option to the desired number.The default value, 0, means that lines will be broken only at newlines.TUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning
Example: Try the following example yourself:from Tkinter import *root = Tk()var = StringVar()label = Message( root, textvariable=var, relief=RAISED )var.set("Hey!? How are you doing?")label.pack()root.mainloop()When the above code is executed, it produces the following result:Radiobutton This widget implements a multiple-choice button, which is a way to offer many possible selections to the user andlets user choose only one of them.In order to implement this functionality, each group of radiobuttons must be associated to the same variable andeach one of the buttons must symbolize a single value. You can use the Tab key to switch from one radionbuttonto another.Syntax:Here is the simple syntax to create this widget:w = Radiobutton ( master, option, ... )Parameters:• master: This represents the parent window.• options: Here is the list of most commonly used options for this widget. These options can be used as keyvaluepairs separated by commas.OptionactivebackgroundactiveforegroundAnchorBgDescriptionThe background color when the mouse is over the radiobutton.The foreground color when the mouse is over the radiobutton.If the widget inhabits a space larger than it needs, this option specifies where the radiobuttonwill sit in that space. The default is anchor=CENTER.The normal background color behind the indicator and label.TUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning
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Python Tutorial
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ABOUT THE TUTORIALPython TutorialPy
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Return Value ......................
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Description .......................
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Syntax ............................
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Example ...........................
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Parameters ........................
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Return Value ......................
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Parameters ........................
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Parameters ........................
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Locating Modules: .................
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Parameters ........................
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Description .......................
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Return Value ......................
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Example ...........................
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Parameters ........................
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Regular-expression Modifiers - Opti
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Starting a New Thread: ............
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Example: ..........................
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CHAPTER1Python OverviewPython is a
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CHAPTER2Python EnvironmentBefore we
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• To use this installer python-XY
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-c cmd run Python script sent in as
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This will produce the following res
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file_name = raw_input("Enter filena
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$ python -husage: python [option] .
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print 'Input file is "', inputfilep
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Here, an integer object is created
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Python Lists: Lists are the most v
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FunctionDescriptionint(x [,base])Co
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CHAPTER5Python Basic OperatorsWhat
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Line 4 - Value of c is 2Line 5 - Va
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Line 5 - a is greater than bLine 6
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| Binary OR Operator copies a bit i
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else:print "Line 3 - a and b are tr
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if ( id(a) == id(b) ):print "Line 2
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When you execute the above program,
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if statementsif...else statementsne
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Example: #!/usr/bin/pythonvar1 = 10
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else:print "Could not find true exp
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Loop Typewhile loopfor loopDescript
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num = raw_input("Enter a number :")
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Good bye!Iterating by Sequence I
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11 is prime13 is prime17 is prime19
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continue statement The continue st
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CHAPTER8Python NumbersNumber data t
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max(x1, x2,...)min(x1, x2,...)modf(
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Syntax Following is the syntax for
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import math# This will import math
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import mathmath.log10( x )Note: Thi
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modf(x) Description The method modf
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round( x [, n] )Parameters • x --
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Return Value This method returns a
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seed([x]) Description The method se
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asin(x)Note: This function is not a
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print "atan2(-10,10) : ", math.atan
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Note: This function is not accessib
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import mathprint "degrees(3) : ", m
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CHAPTER9Python StringsStrings are a
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+ Concatenation - Adds values on ei
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TAB ( \t ) and they will show up th
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str = "this is string example....wo
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Return Value This method returns a
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Description The method expandtabs()
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Traceback (most recent call last):F
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Let us compile and run the above pr
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str = "This is string example....wo
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str = "-";seq = ("a", "b", "c"); #
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lstrip() Description The method lst
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Max character: xmin(str) Descriptio
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str = "this is really a string exam
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Parameters • chars -- You can sup
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Parameters• str -- This is the st
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Parameters • NAReturn Value This
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Example The following example shows
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CHAPTER10Python ListsThe most basic
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Python Expression Results Descripti
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list( seq )Parameters • seq -- Th
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Return Value If elements are of th
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list.insert(index, obj)Parameters
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CHAPTER11Python TuplesAtuple is a s
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len((1, 2, 3)) 3 Length(1, 2, 3) +
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-11-1len(tuple) Description The met
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min value element : 200tuple(seq) D
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#!/usr/bin/pythondict = {'Name': 'Z
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34str(dict)Produces a printable str
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type(variable) Description The meth
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Return Value This method does not
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CHAPTER13Python Date & TimeApython
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#!/usr/bin/pythonimport time;localt
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import timeprint "time.altzone %d "
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Parameters • sec -- These are the
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• %w - day of the week as a decim
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time.time( ) Description The metho
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2time.tznameAttribute time.tzname i
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CHAPTER14Python FunctionAfunction i
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#!/usr/bin/python# Function definit
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return;# Now you can call printinfo
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Inside the function : 30Outside the
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A module is loaded only once, regar
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'sqrt', 'tan', 'tanh']Here, the spe
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CHAPTER16Python Files I/OThis chapt
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rb+WWbw+wb+AAba+ab+Opens a file for
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fo.write( "Python is a great langua
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EXAMPLE: Following is the example t
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operations from the operating syste
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# Close opened filefo.close()Let us
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Parameters • NAReturn Value This
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Parameters • offset -- This is th
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Parameters • size -- If this opti
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Description The method writelines()
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53545556575859606162os.symlink(src,
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• stat.S_IRGRP: Read by group.•
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os.chroot("/tmp/usr")print "Changed
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Parameters • fd -- This is the or
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import os, sys# First go to the "/v
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Description The method fchown() cha
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Description The method fdopen() ret
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{'PC_MAX_INPUT': 2, 'PC_VDISABLE':
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# Open a filefd = os.open( "foo.txt
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print "Current working dir : %s" %
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path = "/var/www/html/foo.txt"fd =
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_vti_txtrobots.txtitemlistingresume
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# Close opened fileos.close( fd )#
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dev_num = os.makedev(major_dnum, mi
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-rw-------. 1 root root 0 Apr 30 02
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os.pathconf(path, name) Descriptio
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Description The method popen() open
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# !/usr/bin/pythonimport ossrc = '/
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# stat informationstatinfo = os.sta
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Description The method tcgetpgrp()
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os.tempnam(dir, prefix)Parameters
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Description The method ttyname() re
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Return Value This method returns t
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KeyErrorNameErrorUnboundLocalErrorE
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......................else:If there
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print "Error: can\'t find file or r
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self.args = argSo once you defined
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'Optional class documentation strin
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For the above class let's try to ac
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print 'Calling child method'c = Chi
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Data Hiding: An object's attribute
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groups()This method returns all mat
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SYNTAX: re.sub(pattern, repl, strin
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\s Matches whitespace. Equivalent t
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Backreferences: This matches a prev
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CHAPTER20Python CGI ProgrammingWhat
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If you click hello.py, then this pr
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Simple URL Example : Get Metho
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</form>The result of this code is t
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text_content = form.getvalue('textc
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Here is an example of how to retrie
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Page 345 and 346: DELETE Operation: DELETE operation
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Page 355 and 356: try:smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP('localho
Page 357 and 358: count = 0while count < 5:time.sleep
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Page 361 and 362: thread = myThread(threadID, tName,
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Page 365 and 366: print "Rating:", self.ratingelif se
Page 367 and 368: Format: DVDRating: PGDescription: T
Page 369 and 370: Tkinter Widgets Tkinter provides v
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Page 379 and 380: E1 = Entry(top, bd =5)E1.pack(side
Page 381 and 382: Optionanchorbgbitmapbdcursorfontfgh
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Page 385 and 386: Syntax: Here is the simple syntax t
Page 387 and 388: Menu The goal of this widget is to
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Page 393 and 394: WidthWraplengthWidth of the label i
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Page 397 and 398: Parameters: • master: This repres
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Page 407 and 408: bgbdThe color of the slider and arr
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Page 411 and 412: Standard attributes:Let's take a l
Page 413 and 414: • family: The font family name as
Page 415 and 416: B2.pack()B3.pack()B4.pack()B5.pack(
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Page 425 and 426: Passing Function Parameters: Beca
Page 427 and 428: return (a + b)You can return two va
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Page 431: The profile Module: The profile m
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