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Medikal Teknik Mart 2022

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31<br />

Some professions<br />

Workers in certain occupations (such as those exposed to<br />

wood smoke or asbestos fumes, metal, plastic and mining<br />

workers) are at greater risk for stomach cancer.<br />

Having blood group A<br />

Gastric cancer is more common in people with blood group<br />

A. Although the exact cause is unknown, this is explained<br />

by the fact that people with blood type A are more<br />

susceptible to Helicobacter Pylori infection.<br />

Some diseases<br />

• In some diseases involving the large intestine (familial<br />

adenomatous polyposis and familial nonpolyposis<br />

colorectal cancer), the possibility of gastric cancer<br />

increases.<br />

• Pernicious anemia, a type of anemia caused by the<br />

inability to absorb vitamin B12, also increases the risk of<br />

stomach cancer.<br />

• Gastric cancer is more common in patients with atrophic<br />

gastritis (chronic inflammation resulting in the loss of<br />

epithelial cells and glands of the mucous layer lining the<br />

inner surface of the stomach).<br />

• Studies have shown that the ebstein-barr virus,<br />

which causes infectious mononucleosis, known as the<br />

kissing disease in the community, has an effect on the<br />

development of stomach cancer.<br />

Having stomach surgery<br />

Pointing out that the risk of developing this cancer has<br />

increased over the years in those who had gastric surgery<br />

in the past, especially in patients who had a part of their<br />

stomach removed, General Surgery Specialist Assoc. Dr.<br />

Erman Aytaç said, “Therefore, even if they are symptomfree,<br />

patients who have undergone gastric surgery undergo<br />

gastroscopy at regular intervals for control purposes.”<br />

It can be lived for many years without any<br />

problems<br />

Very early stage tumors in gastric cancer can be treated<br />

endoscopically without the need for surgery. General<br />

Surgery Specialist Assoc. Dr. Erman Aytaç stated that,<br />

apart from endoscopic treatment methods, the main<br />

treatment method in stages 1-3 of the disease is the<br />

surgical procedure. In the 2nd and 3rd stages of the<br />

disease, chemotherapy is usually applied first, and the<br />

surgery is performed later. According to the pathology<br />

report, additional treatments such as chemotherapy and<br />

radiotherapy can be applied after the surgery. If the tumor<br />

has spread to distant organs such as the liver and lungs,<br />

that is, if the disease is in stage 4, the main treatment<br />

method is chemotherapy.<br />

Indicating that many factors affect the treatment results,<br />

Aytaç said, “The most important of these factors are the<br />

stage of the disease and the quality of the treatments.<br />

Considering the advantages of closed methods to the<br />

patient in experienced centers, the surgery can be<br />

performed laparoscopically or robotically.”<br />

sonuçlanan kronik ihtihaplanma) olan hastalarda mide<br />

kanseri daha sık görülüyor.<br />

• Yapılan çalışmalarda, toplumda öpücük hastalığı olarak<br />

bilinen enfeksiyöz mononükleoz hastalığına neden olan<br />

ebstein–barr virüsünün mide kanseri gelişimine etkisi<br />

olduğu gösterilmiş.<br />

Mide ameliyatı olmak<br />

Genel Cerrahi Uzmanı Doç. Dr. Erman Aytaç, geçmişte<br />

mide ameliyatı olanlarda, özellikle de midesinin bir kısmı<br />

çıkartılan hastalarda bu kanserin gelişme riskinin yıllar<br />

içinde arttığına işaret ederek, “Bu nedenle yakınmasız<br />

olsalar dahi mide ameliyatı geçiren hastalara belli<br />

aralıklarla kontrol amaçlı gastroskopi yapılıyor” diyor.<br />

Uzun yıllar sorunsuz yaşanabiliyor<br />

Mide kanserinde çok erken evre tümörler ameliyat<br />

gerekmeden endoskopik olarak tedavi edilebiliyor. Genel<br />

Cerrahi Uzmanı Doç. Dr. Erman Aytaç, endoskopik tedavi<br />

yöntemleri dışında, hastalığın 1-3 evrelerinde ana tedavi<br />

yönteminin cerrahi işlem olduğunu belirterek, “Cerrahi<br />

tedavinin ana prensibi, tümörün yayılma olasılığı olan tüm<br />

lenf bezleriyle birlikte çıkartılmasıdır. Hastalığın 2. ve 3.<br />

evresinde genellikle önce kemoterapi uygulanıyor, ameliyat<br />

daha sonra yapılıyor. Patoloji raporuna göre ameliyat<br />

sonrasında kemoterapi ve radyoterapi gibi ek tedaviler<br />

uygulanabiliyor. Tümör karaciğer ve akciğer gibi uzak<br />

organlara da sıçramışsa, yani hastalık 4. evredeyse ana<br />

tedavi yöntemi kemoterapi oluyor” diyor.<br />

Aytaç, tedavi sonuçlarını birçok faktörün etkilediğini<br />

belirterek, “Bu etkenlerin en önemlileri hastalığın evresi<br />

ve yapılan tedavilerin kalitesidir. Deneyimli merkezlerde<br />

kapalı yöntemlerin hastaya sağladığı avantajlar göz önünde<br />

tutularak ameliyat laparoskopik veya robotik olarak<br />

yapılabiliyor” diyor.<br />

<strong>Mart</strong> - March <strong>2022</strong>

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