GÃ¶rÃ¶gkatolikus Szemle 2010. szeptember - Magyar GÃ¶rÃ¶gkatolikus ...

Ára: 100 Ft 

XXI. évf. 9. szám, 2010. szeptember 

GÖRÖGKATOLIKUSOK LELKISÉGI LAPJA 

Új pompával 

“Újuljatok meg lélekben!” 

(Ef. 4.23) 

Baziliták 

Öreg néne 

Beöltözés 

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Bemutatkozik 

a 

máriapócsi 

bazilita 

közösség 

A máriapócsi bazilita kolostor a Nagy Szent Bazil Rend magyarországi 

anyaháza, azaz központi rendháza, a tartományfõnökség 

és a novíciátus (újoncképzés) székhelye. A legnagyobb létszámú 

magyar görögkatolikus szerzetesközösség él itt (6 fõ); Magyarország 

egyetlen õsi (250 éves) görögkatolikus kolostorában. 

A fenti bevezetés máris sokat elárult a könnyezõ Szûz Anya 

védõszárnyai alatt imádkozó bazilitákról. Többek között azt, hogy 

már Mária Terézia idején éltek itt szerzetesek, akik a kegytemplom 

építésekor elkezdték a Pócsra érkezõ zarándokok lelkipásztori 

ellátását. A bazilita élet mintegy két évszázadig töretlenül folyt, 

még II. József hírhedt szekularizációs rendeletét is sikerrel 

túléltük. 1950-ben azonban tragikus csapás érte a magyarországi 

egyházi életet, mert a Rákosi – Gerõ – Révai-maffia négy közösség 

kivételével az összes magyarországi szerzetesrendtõl megvonta 

a mûködési engedélyt, s ezzel gyakorlatilag mintegy 10 000 

szerzetest tett földönfutóvá. A máriapócsi kolostor lakói egyházmegyés 

papi szolgálatba álltak, míg az épület nagy részét a 

Fõvárosi Tanács használta szociális otthonként, kisebb része pedig 

a mindenkori pócsi parókus és káplán lakása lett. Csak a 

rendszerváltás után került fokozatosan a rend birtokába ismételten 

a hajdani kolostor, s a felújítása mind a mai napig tart. (Voltaképpen 

a keleti szárny földszinti részét leszámítva a rendház megújult 

formában újra a baziliták otthona.) Az épület talán legimpozánsabb 

része a kápolna, amelynek teljes falfelültén a bizánci 

kereszténység kánoni elõírásait követõ freskó együttes hív imára. 

A képeket Mihai Pascariu erdélyi festõmûvész készítette 2004- 

ben. S mintegy másfél évvel ezelõtt kezdõdött el a nem kevésbé 

látványos belsõ udvar (ún. quadrum) parkosítása, ahol a szinte 

állandóan csobogó szökõkút mellett kizárólag Mária-növényekkel 

találkozhatunk, mert ez az Istenszülõ virágoskertje. Ezért került 

ide a kegytemplom tavalyi külsõ felújítási munkálatai után a 

templomhomlokzatról a mozaikkockákból álló Immaculata. A kert 

közepén almafa áll, no, nem a paradicsomi bûnbeesés szimbólumaként, 

hanem azért, mert az országos hírû szabolcsi jonatán leges munkája, kötelessége, életfeladata, öröm és erõforrása az 

miségérõl és lelkiségérõl is szólnunk kell. Mivel a szerzetes elsõd- 

almát a bazilita szerzetesek honosították meg Magyarországon. Az ima, így a mai mindennapjaink legfontosabb és legbiztosabb 

almanemesítés hagyományát felelevenítve döntött úgy a rend programja a közösen végzett zsolozsma a kápolnában. Reggel 

vezetése, hogy Pócsi bazilita keserû néven olyan gyógyitalt hoz hattól utrenye, I. imaóra, szentmise, délután fél egykor III. és VI. 

forgalomba, amelynek alapanyaga a 33-féle gyógynövényen érlelt imaóra, este öttõl IX. imaóra, vecsernye és rózsafûzér – ilyen egy 

almapálinka. (Merthogy a baziliták valaha szeszfõzdét is üzemeltettek 

Pócs határában.) 

kegytemplomban végzett istentiszteleteken veszünk részt. 

pócsi bazilita átlagos hétköznapi imarendje. Ünnepnapokon a 

Az itteni bazilita közösség – amint említettem – jelenleg hat Azonban az imádságnak is csak akkor van értelme és célja, ha 

fõbõl áll, köztük öt fölszentelt áldozópap és egy növendék van. megtöltjük tartalommal. Ezt a szerzetesek akkor teszik meg, ha 

Vagyis, a létszáma tükrözi a magyar katolikus egyházban jelentkezõ 

tragikus hivatáshiányt. Talán optimizmusra adhat okot, hogy életszentségre. A “világban élõ” keresztények pedig akkor tudnak 

ténylegesen az evangéliumi tanácsok szellemében törekszenek az 

mégis a Szentháromság egy Isten hathatós segítségének köszönhetõen 

1950 óta hat évtized után elõször él együtt egy fedél alatt küket, unokájukat is hívja meg Krisztus szerzetesnek. Máskülön- 

ezen segíteni, ha imádkoznak értünk, és azért, hogy az õ gyere- 

ennyi férfi bazilita szerzetes Magyarországon. 

ben nincs élet az épülõ – szépülõ – megújuló kolostorban. 

Az adatolható, „ száraz” tények után életünk lényegérõl, szelle- 

fr. Gergely OSBM 

10 · 2010 szeptember · 

· 2010 szeptember · 11

Megújult a máriapócsi ikonosztáz 

Spalinszky Mihály Szent Pált ábrázoló 

képe a szószékrõl, átfestett, illetve 

feltárt eredeti állapotában 

M 

áriapócs felbecsülhetetlen értékû liturgikus 

berendezéseinek restaurálása, a közel 

három éve elkezdett program, befejezéséhez 

közeledik. Teljesen elkészült a barokk 

szószék, tiszteletben tartva a pécsi 

ferencesek 1945. évi felújítási koncepcióját, 

ugyanakkor feltárásra került a szószék 

mellvédét díszítõ Szent Pál alakja, visszanyerve 

az 1780 körüli szín és formavilágát. 

Helyreállt gróf Gersei Pethõ Rozália Szent 

kereszt oltára az alapító felújított címerével 

és a Szent Rozáliát ábrázoló tondóval. A 

Szent Bazil mellékoltár is visszanyerte az 

1945-ös, felújításkori pompáját a Petrasovszky 

festményekkel. Ugyancsak munkálatok 

folynak a Kegyoltár pompázatos lépcsõjén 

és tabernákulumán, ahol az eredeti 

poliment aranyozás kerül teljes értékû helyreállításra. 

V 

égezetül az Ikonosztáz restaurálásról 

szólok, mert talán ez volt munkásságom 

legösszetettebb, legnehezebb feladata. Ez 

követelte a legnagyobb odafigyelést és 

mértéktartást, ugyanis az Ikonosztáz 

nemcsak a görögkatolikus bazilika legfontosabb 

berendezése, de még inkább egy, a 

templom történetét magán viselõ tanújel. 

Ha valaki veszi a fáradtságot és olvasni tud a 

feltárások eredményeibõl, az megfejtheti a 

változtatások körülményeit, okait és következményeit, 

és mérlegelni tud, mit szabad 

eltávolítani a mûrõl és mit kell megõrizni, 

közkincsé tenni, érvényesítve a mû, mint 

történeti dokumentum és az esztétikai érték 

egységét. 

A 

restaurátor csoport fáradságot nem 

kímélve igyekezett megismerni, feltárni és 

mûvészeti egységében bemutatni az 

Ikonosztáz 250 éves történetében hozzáadott 

értékeit. Feltárta, ismertette és konzerváló 

kezelésekkel megmentette Konsztantinosz 

Thaliodorosz mester csodálatos 

faragásait, aki 1748. december 17-én Máriapócson 

Constantinus Sculptor Greacus 

Constantinopolitanus néven aláírt szerzõdésében 

kötelezte magát, hogy a legjobb 

faanyagot fogja beszerezni. Valóban gondosan 

válogatott szilfa anyagból készültek a 

faragványok, melyek kifogástalan állapotban 

maradtak fenn. Az építmény elsõ kifestõjének 

munkáját feltártuk és megállapítottuk, 

hogy az eredeti ikonfal közel 

140 évig színpompás volt. Kék, vörös és lila 

márványfestéssel látták el az építmény 

szerkezetét, a faragványok, indák levelek 

zöldek, míg a virágok élénkvörösek és 

kékek voltak, és csak kevés aranyozás volt a 

gyümölcsökön, valamint a kapuk fölötti 

baldachinok egy részén. Ezt a polikrómiát 

egységes barna színnel elõször Spisák Gyula 

és Imre pesti oltárépítõk festették át, majd 

az ikonfal összes faragványát aranyozták s 

az ikonokat újakra cserélték 1896-ban, az 

elsõ könnyezés kétszázadik évfordulójára. 

E történeti állapotból kiindulva végeztük a 

helyreállítást, megõrizve és helyreállítva a 

Spisák féle aranyozást és az ikonok festését, 

de eltávolítottuk az összes barna átfestési 

réteget, hogy az ikonfalon ismét ragyogjon a 

XVIII. századi színes márványfestés. 

Dr. habil Szentkirályi Miklós 

Spisák Gyula féle felújítás Mózes 

ábrázolása (1896) alatt rejtõzködött 

Salamon király, baljában 

templommal (1760 körül) 

A restaurátorok a hiteles festékréteg feltárás 

eredményeként az Ikonosztáz oromzatának a XVIII. 

század közepi szín és formavilágát állították helyre

Az Apostol és Ünnepsor csodálatos 

oszloprendjének formai és 

színvilága ismét látható 

Az Ünnepsor törpeoszlopa a feltárt 

eredeti márványfestéssel. Az eredetit 

fedõ barna festékréteg eltávolítása 

erõs vegyszerekkel történt, 

mely próbára tette a restaurátorokat … 

A szõlõmotívummal díszített oszlopok 

restaurálás alatt 

Máriapócsi Ikonosztáz, Alapképsor Tanító Krisztus (Spisák Gyula 1896) 

a) az 1940-es években a könyv ószláv feliratát A és Ù betûre festették át 

b) az írás feltárása; c) a feltárt eredeti szöveg 

Az Ikonosztáz restaurált darabjainak visszaszállítása a mûhelybõl és megérkezése a Bazilikába 

Várva várt pillanat: ismét a helyére került a templom 

címszentje, Szent Mihály Arkangyal 

Az Ikonosztáz restaurálásának utolsó fázisaként megkezdõdött a 

konzololtárok, oszlopok és az alapképsor visszaépítése

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