30.06.2015 Views

February 2014

Udbodhan Magazine

Udbodhan Magazine

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

• <br />

<br />

<br />

• <br />

• <br />

• <br />

<br />

• <br />

<br />

• <br />

?— <br />

• <br />

—<br />

<br />

- — <br />

‘’ –—<br />

<br />

• <br />

—<br />

<br />

• <br />

“ ...”— <br />

• <br />

<br />

–— <br />

• <br />

— <br />

• <br />

— <br />

• –<br />

— <br />

<br />

• <br />

— <br />

— <br />

— <br />

— <br />

— <br />

?— <br />

— <br />

— <br />

• <br />

–<br />

<br />

• –<br />

— <br />

—<br />

<br />

— <br />

• <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

• <br />

<br />

<br />

(– ) <br />

(– ) <br />

, <br />

<br />

() , , – <br />

, – <br />

– , ‘’<br />

t ; t


– <br />

‘’ , <br />

‘’– <br />

(<br />

) , <br />

<br />

(–) — , <br />

( ) ( <br />

— )<br />

M O/Draft/Postal Order M O/e-M O <br />

, , <br />

Draft ‘Udbodhan Office’— <br />

Cheque , Cheque<br />

( ) Postal Order (A/c Payee<br />

) , , , <br />

<br />

M O– <br />

<br />

‘’ – <br />

<br />

/Editor, ‘’, , , , – <br />

() –, – Website : www. udbodhan.org<br />

e-mail : editor@udbodhan.org, udbodhan12@bsnl.in<br />

(/) <br />

— — <br />

<br />

. . , , –<br />

<br />

,


, , , — <br />

, — – <br />

, , , , , , — <br />

— – <br />

, <br />

— , <br />

<br />

...<br />

— , , <br />

, — ; <br />

, — ...<br />

, , <br />

– –<br />

– ,<br />

<br />

— <br />

[ , , , , – ]


–, –, –<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, ,<br />

- <br />

<br />

, <br />

, , , , <br />

, , , <br />

, – <br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

“<br />

/ <br />

” <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

; <br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– ,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

–<br />

, ,<br />

, , , , , , ,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, , ,<br />

, , , , ,<br />

, , , , , , ,<br />

, , , , , <br />

<br />

–– <br />

<br />

; —<br />

— , <br />

<br />

<br />

,


; , , , , ,<br />

, , , <br />

‘ ’– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

– <br />

<br />

– – <br />

‘––’ <br />

<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, , , , <br />

<br />

, ,<br />

, – <br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

–– ;<br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

––<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

,


— <br />

—‘ ’<br />

,<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

‘’ ,<br />

– <br />

<br />

, <br />

! – , <br />

<br />

; , <br />

, <br />

—<br />

— , <br />

, , <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

‘ <br />

’ <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

‘‘ ‘’ ‘’ ‘’ <br />

– ; , <br />

‘’ , <br />

‘’ – , <br />

‘’ – , <br />

‘’; ‘’; ‘’;<br />

‘’; , , , ’’<br />

–––—<br />

, <br />

, ; <br />

— <br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

– <br />

‘ ’ (dogmatism)<br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

— <br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, — , <br />

<br />

<br />

, , — <br />

— <br />

, , <br />

— , !<br />

— <br />

<br />

—‘ ’— <br />

<br />

<br />

, , , <br />

‘ <br />

’ — , ,<br />

<br />

<br />

q<br />

<br />

,


[ ]<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

( )<br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

[ ]<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

( )


[ ]<br />

<br />

,<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

<br />

()<br />

,<br />

B.A. <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

— <br />

<br />

[ ]<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

‘’ <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

‘ ’– <br />

<br />

,


?<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

? , <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

—<br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

—<br />

“ <br />

” <br />

, <br />

, <br />

—<br />

“ ” <br />

<br />

, <br />

– —<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

—<br />

“ –<br />

<br />

<br />

” <br />

‘’ <br />

<br />

“ ” ,<br />

“ / <br />

...” , “ ” <br />

“ ...” , <br />

<br />

!<br />

‘’ <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

–, , , –<br />

, <br />

‘’ ? <br />

<br />

– <br />

— <br />

, <br />

–<br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, , <br />

, <br />

, <br />

–<br />

, <br />

, <br />

,<br />

<br />

?


, <br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

, ,<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

– , <br />

, <br />

<br />

!<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

–– <br />

<br />

<br />

, , , , , , <br />

– <br />

– <br />

, <br />

– , <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

; <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

“ <br />

” <br />

–––– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

—<br />

“ ––<br />

” <br />

<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– ()<br />

, , <br />

––– —<br />

; <br />

, <br />

, <br />

— <br />

– <br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

,


, <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

“ –<br />

<br />

<br />

” <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

—“ <br />

, , , , <br />

” — –<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

‘’ <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

( ) <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, , –<br />

<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

–-<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

, –<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

–– , <br />

—, <br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

(– ) <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– (), —<br />

( ) <br />

()<br />

?


– , <br />

–<br />

, –<br />

<br />

, <br />

, , <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

– <br />

<br />

–– <br />

– <br />

,<br />

, , <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

— ‘ ’ <br />

<br />

<br />

q<br />

<br />

() “ <br />

, , <br />

” (, , , . . ) <br />

‘’<br />

( )<br />

() <br />

‘’ () <br />

<br />

<br />

‘’<br />

<br />

() “<br />

- ”<br />

( ‘’, )<br />

‘’ <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

, , <br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

– <br />

(– )<br />

<br />

• – •<br />

, (<br />

), <br />

, (<br />

), <br />

( ),<br />

<br />

, ( ),<br />

<br />

, ( ),<br />

<br />

, ( ),<br />

<br />

• – •<br />

, (<br />

), <br />

• – (–) •<br />

, ( , )<br />

, ( , )<br />

<br />

,


, .... , , –, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

“On <strong>February</strong> 2, 1835 Lord Macaulay’s<br />

Address to the British Parliament and his speech<br />

reveals the fundamental strategy behind British<br />

education system in India.<br />

“Lord Macaulay stated, ‘I have travelled across<br />

the length and breadth of India and I have not seen<br />

one person who is a beggar, who is a thief. Such<br />

wealth I have seen in this country, such high moral<br />

values, people of such caliber, that I do not think we<br />

would ever conquer this country, unless we break the<br />

very backbone of this nation; which is her spiritual<br />

and cultural heritage, and, therefore, I propose that<br />

we replace her old and ancient education system,<br />

her culture, for if the Indians think that all that is<br />

foreign and English is good and greater than their<br />

own, they will lose their self-esteem, their native<br />

culture and they will become what we want them, a<br />

truly dominated nation.’”<br />

<br />

<br />

— <br />

<br />

, <br />

— <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

,


, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

– ,<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

, <br />

—<br />

() , <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

() <br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,


,<br />

– <br />

() <br />

,<br />

, <br />

, <br />

–<br />

<br />

— <br />

, <br />

<br />

() – <br />

, <br />

, , <br />

, –— <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

– – <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

—<br />

() – <br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

() , <br />

—<br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

() <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, – <br />

, – , <br />

, — <br />

, —– <br />

<br />

, ,<br />

,<br />

<br />

, , <br />

? <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

, — <br />

<br />

,<br />

() <br />

, <br />

– ! <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

, – <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />


—<br />

; , , ,<br />

, <br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

—<br />

, ,<br />

, – , <br />

— <br />

,<br />

– , <br />

<br />

“ — <br />

— ? <br />

, <br />

<br />

, —<br />

<br />

— ” <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

— ‘ ’ <br />

‘’ <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

‘–’ <br />

<br />

? <br />

, , ,<br />

?—<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

:<br />

“ ,<br />

, , <br />

, <br />

–—<br />

— ,<br />

— ,<br />

—<br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

,<br />

, , <br />

, ?”<br />

<br />

“Emotion recollected in tranquility is<br />

poetry.” , <br />

“ <br />

– ” <br />

<br />

– Definition<br />

of poetry <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

,


, <br />

, <br />

— <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

“ , <br />

, —<br />

‘– , ; <br />

, ; , ,<br />

’— ! <br />

, <br />

, ,— <br />

” <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

– <br />

— <br />

<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

<br />

‘’ , – ‘’ <br />

—Mother’s Day Father’s Day <br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

–<br />

, –<br />

<br />

, —<br />

– , <br />

‘’ <br />

–, <br />

“ ”—<br />

<br />

, ‘’ <br />

, <br />

, <br />

“<br />

(Prayer) ,<br />

, ‘ <br />

, , <br />

’” <br />

, <br />

, — <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

—– <br />

—<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

,<br />

–<br />

<br />

, <br />

,


–, – , ,<br />

— <br />

? , <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, – <br />

<br />

<br />

—<br />

, , , <br />

, <br />

?<br />

<br />

“ , <br />

! <br />

; <br />

, — ” <br />

, —<br />

, <br />

—<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, , <br />

— <br />

– , <br />

, <br />

<br />

—How could it be possible!<br />

Love is based on expectation. ( ?<br />

) <br />

, — <br />

– <br />

<br />

, <br />

—<br />

<br />

“ <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, ‘ <br />

<br />

’” <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

– <br />

, <br />

, , , — <br />

— , , <br />

– <br />

, ‘ ’<br />

<br />

“ <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,


” <br />

! – <br />

, <br />

<br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

– <br />

!<br />

<br />

– <br />

, , — <br />

, <br />

, <br />

– — ; <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

— , <br />

, ,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, –<br />

,<br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

— <br />

– <br />

<br />

“ — , !<br />

– <br />

– , <br />

– , <br />

, <br />

, <br />

... – <br />

” <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

—– <br />

—<br />

, <br />

— <br />

– Oscar<br />

Wild– <br />

, – <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

“Difference between<br />

journalism and literature is that journalism is<br />

unreadable and literature is not read.” (<br />

<br />

, ) ,


,<br />

<br />

, — <br />

, <br />

— <br />

, – ,<br />

<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

– ,<br />

<br />

—,<br />

; , <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

—<br />

, <br />

,<br />

, <br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

, — <br />

<br />

“ <br />

’ <br />

<br />

‘ ; ’ <br />

‘ <br />

— ’ <br />

‘?’ <br />

‘ <br />

’ <br />

— <br />

<br />

“ <br />

<br />

— <br />

‘ , ’<br />

– <br />

’ ’<br />

” <br />

– ! <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

q<br />

<br />

, , –, ,<br />

, –<br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

– — ,<br />

‘’, , , , –<br />

<br />

— , ,<br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

,


– <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

“ ,<br />

”<br />

<br />

“ <br />

‘’ ” <br />

“ <br />

” <br />

<br />

( ) ‘’<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

( <br />

) “As to the<br />

other two Swamis, they were my Gurubhais, who<br />

went to you last at Junagad; of them one is our<br />

leader.”<br />

, <br />

‘<br />

’ — <br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

‘ ’ <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />


“ <br />

, <br />

... , ;<br />

– <br />

<br />

; <br />

, – ,<br />

<br />

, ... <br />

, —<br />

... <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

” <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

–<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

“I recommend you none—not one—<br />

except Brahmananda. That old man’s judgment<br />

never failed—mine always do. If you have to ask<br />

any advice or to get anybody to do your business<br />

Brahmananda is the only one I recommend, none<br />

else, none else. With this my conscience is clear.” <br />

‘ ’ <br />

<br />

<br />

() <br />

(baton) <br />

<br />

<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– – <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

– ( ) <br />

( ) <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

— , , <br />

Poor Men’s Relief Association <br />

<br />

“ <br />

” <br />

<br />

—Ramakrishna<br />

Mission Home of Service <br />

<br />

,


– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

, <br />

–,<br />

<br />

<br />

‘’ <br />

<br />

( ) <br />

<br />

<br />

“ –<br />

, , – <br />

... <br />

<br />

, <br />

... , <br />

— ... <br />

... <br />

... ,<br />

‘, , –<br />

<br />

?’... <br />

, ‘ <br />

, !’<br />

,<br />

‘, <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

’ <br />

, , <br />

<br />

, ‘ <br />

’... <br />

... <br />

...” <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

“, <br />

<br />

, <br />

; <br />

! <br />

, ”<br />

“<br />

— , <br />

; <br />

<br />

” <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />


, , , <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

“ <br />

<br />

, <br />

” <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

“ , <br />

– , <br />

— – ” <br />

<br />

, , , <br />

, – , ,<br />

–, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– , <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

“ <br />

<br />

, ... <br />

... –<br />

– <br />

, !<br />

, ‘, <br />

’ ‘ ,<br />

’ <br />

‘– ’... <br />

<br />

, <br />

– <br />

, ‘, ?’<br />

, ‘ ’ <br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

” <br />

– <br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

–<br />

, <br />

“ <br />

” q<br />

<br />

— , ,, <br />

—<br />

, , , –<br />

, <br />

– — , <br />

, , , , –<br />

, <br />

, <br />

— ,<br />

, , <br />

, –<br />

‘ ’ <br />

<br />

,


, , <br />

<br />

, <br />

() <br />

—<br />

, , <br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

— ,<br />

,<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

, ,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

( ) <br />

, –<br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

,<br />

, –<br />

, — <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

,<br />

<br />

–<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

( <br />

) <br />

“ <br />

” <br />

, – <br />

— <br />

<br />

, , <br />

,


“ ?”<br />

, “ ” <br />

“ –<br />

?” “ ” “, <br />

() ” “–, <br />

, ”<br />

<br />

“ <br />

, , ”<br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

—“ <br />

<br />

”<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

( ) <br />

“, <br />

” <br />

“, <br />

”, “ ; <br />

, ,<br />

” <br />

“ ?”—“ <br />

?”—“ , ”—<br />

“, ” <br />

<br />

, , <br />

, , <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

– <br />

<br />

“, ” <br />

“ ” <br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

,<br />

,<br />

, –<br />

<br />

, <br />

, “<br />

?” “ ”—<br />

“?”—“ ”—“ <br />

?”—“ ”—“ <br />

?” “” <br />

“ !<br />

” <br />

, , ! <br />

<br />

– <br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

,<br />

<br />

,


, “ —<br />

” <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

“, <br />

( ) —<br />

” “– ”<br />

<br />

— , <br />

“ <br />

, <br />

, , —<br />

?” “<br />

— <br />

<br />

() <br />

() “ ——— <br />

” () “ ——— –<br />

— ” <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

“ <br />

, –<br />

” <br />

–, —<br />

–<br />

, <br />

* q<br />

* – ‘ ’ - <br />

, – <br />

—<br />

” () “ / <br />

——— ” () “ , <br />

——— ” () “ /<br />

’ ——— ” () <br />

‘– ——— ’ () <br />

<br />

<br />

– () <br />

() “ <br />

/ – ——— ” () “<br />

——— / <br />

” () ‘’ <br />

() <br />

()<br />

() <br />

‘’ () “ <br />

/ ——— ”


“ ...”<br />

<br />

, , , <br />

<br />

, , <br />

—“ ”<br />

(, , ) <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

—<br />

<br />

—<br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, ... <br />

, , <br />

, <br />

, ? <br />

<br />

‘’— <br />

<br />

‘ ’, ,<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

<br />

, ... <br />

—<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

— , <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, –<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

( ), <br />

— <br />

<br />

,


, <br />

<br />

—<br />

, –<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

— <br />

? <br />

, — ,<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

,<br />

, <br />

— <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

—<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

–, <br />

, <br />

– — <br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

? <br />

—– ?—<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

– <br />

,<br />

q<br />

<br />

– <br />

(– )<br />

( ), <br />

( ), <br />

<br />

.–. <br />

.–. <br />

<br />

(/) <br />

‘‘ ...


, ?<br />

, !<br />

,<br />

<br />

! —<br />

! !<br />

– ,<br />

! <br />

,<br />

!<br />

, ,<br />

!<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

—<br />

, <br />

,—<br />

“ ”—<br />

“, , ”—<br />

, <br />

—<br />

;<br />

—<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

... <br />

<br />

, ?<br />

? <br />

––<br />

<br />

––<br />

— <br />

<br />

... <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

—<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

—<br />

, <br />

—<br />

<br />

<br />

,


!<br />

–, ,<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

, ,<br />

— , <br />

<br />

<br />

?<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

...<br />

‘ ’ <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

— <br />

— <br />

— <br />

–, –, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

— <br />

<br />

— <br />

<br />

— <br />

, — — <br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

, ,<br />

, ,<br />

,<br />

, <br />

, ,<br />

, , <br />

, ?<br />

, <br />

, ,<br />

,<br />

, <br />

, ...


–<br />

<br />

, , , <br />

[]<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

‘Protestant religious<br />

movement’<br />

, <br />

, <br />

“ ,<br />

<br />

<br />

... <br />

<br />

<br />

— <br />

, — <br />

‘ <br />

, ’ <br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

( ) <br />

, <br />

( ) <br />

<br />

, ; <br />

—<br />

” <br />

<br />

<br />

, – <br />

,<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

‘ ’ <br />

<br />

<br />

“ —<br />

– <br />

<br />

— <br />

” –<br />

(context) <br />

“... <br />

—<br />

<br />

—– <br />

” <br />

<br />

,


, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

‘... ...’ <br />

<br />

‘’ ‘’<br />

“ <br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

— — <br />

... <br />

<br />

...” ,<br />

<br />

, “...<br />

, <br />

” <br />

– <br />

, – <br />

,<br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, — ; <br />

<br />

“– , <br />

<br />

– <br />

– <br />

<br />

, –<br />

” <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, ‘’ ‘’<br />

“ <br />

<br />

, –<br />

,<br />

– <br />

, , <br />

” <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

( <br />

) <br />

<br />

– <br />

“...<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

—<br />

<br />

” <br />

<br />


, <br />

<br />

( ‘’ ) <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

–<br />

,<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

– <br />

<br />

‘An Introduction to the Study<br />

of Indian History’ <br />

<br />

“<br />

, <br />

<br />

” “, ,<br />

, <br />

( ) <br />

<br />

; , , – –<br />

—... <br />

, –<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

” <br />

,<br />

<br />

, <br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

–, – <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

– (Later-Vedic<br />

Period)<br />

<br />

,


– <br />

, <br />

–<br />

<br />

–<br />

(hunter-gatherer) <br />

– <br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

(social surplus) <br />

<br />

, – <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– – <br />

, <br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

, –<br />

,<br />

<br />

– <br />

(<br />

– ) <br />

, – <br />

, <br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

(clan) <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />


, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

“ <br />

<br />

... <br />

; , <br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

...” <br />

<br />

—– <br />

—“ <br />

, , ... <br />

— , <br />

<br />

, — ... <br />

<br />

,<br />

— <br />

, <br />

– <br />

<br />

, ” <br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

– <br />

<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

–<br />

<br />

, – <br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

[]<br />

<br />

, , ,<br />

, <br />

, , , <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

– — , . .<br />

, , , <br />

‘An Introduction to the Study of Indian History’<br />

Ibid., p.137<br />

Ibid., p.138<br />

Material Culture and Social Formations in Ancient India<br />

—R.S. Sharma, Macmillan India Limited, Delhi, 1985, pp.<br />

69-89<br />

Ibid., p. 89. - <br />

, —<br />

‘Productive Forces and their Social Implications in the Age of<br />

Buddha in the Middle Gangetic Basin’<br />

<br />

<br />

—‘Iron and Social Change in Early India’—edited by<br />

Bhairabi Prasad Sahu, Oxford University Press<br />

Material Culture and Social Formations in Ancient India, pp.<br />

108-109<br />

Ibid., p.124<br />

Ibid., p.107<br />

- , <br />

, , <br />

, <br />

— ,<br />

, , , <br />

‘Genesis of Buddhism—Its Social Content’–<br />

<br />

<br />

,


. . . . – <br />

<br />

‘’ <br />

<br />

, ‘<br />

’ <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

; <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

— <br />

<br />

; <br />

<br />

, <br />

‘ ’ ( ) Hotel<br />

Zveznoye– <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

‘ ’ <br />

“ <br />

<br />

<br />

” <br />

<br />

– <br />

“ –, <br />

– , ,<br />

”<br />

( )<br />

– <br />

! <br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

–<br />

, , , , ,<br />


–<br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

— <br />

, !<br />

,<br />

! <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

—‘White<br />

Nights’– ( <br />

) ‘<br />

’ <br />

<br />

, <br />

!<br />

<br />

Information Desk <br />

()<br />

() (<br />

), () , () ,<br />

() (Mausoleum)<br />

, <br />

,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

. ; <br />

,<br />

‘Sedmoye nebo’ ‘ ’ <br />

! <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

Krasnaya<br />

ploschchad <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

‘Lobnoye<br />

mesto’ <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,


– <br />

<br />

– !<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

labradorite <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

,<br />

, –, <br />

–, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, , ,<br />

– <br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

— . , <br />

. , – . <br />

– . ; <br />

<br />

— , <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

‘’


– <br />

<br />

Bon Friazin –<br />

<br />

— <br />

; Uspensky <br />

— – <br />

‘ ’— <br />

– <br />

‘ ’— <br />

. <br />

‘The Cathedral of<br />

Intercession’ <br />

<br />

<br />

(Barma) (Postnik) –<br />

<br />

(–)<br />

<br />

State<br />

Department Store (GUM) <br />

<br />

<br />

–– !<br />

Space<br />

Obelisk <br />

–<br />

! <br />

!<br />

(–<br />

) Konstantin Tsiolkovsky– <br />

‘Call of the Cosmos’ <br />

<br />

<br />

The USSR<br />

Exhibition of Economic Achievement (VDNKh)<br />

—<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

–<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

– []<br />

<br />

() , () , () , () ,<br />

() , () , () , () <br />

– () , () , () , () , ()<br />

, () , () , () , () ,<br />

() <br />

<br />

, , ,<br />

, , , <br />

, ‘’– –/<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

,


‘’ –<br />

<br />

, , , <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

—, ,<br />

, , <br />

–<br />

‘ ’– <br />

‘ ’– <br />

, –<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

‘ ’– –<br />

, ?<br />

‘’ – <br />

<br />

––<br />

<br />

(), <br />

(), <br />

() <br />

<br />

, , <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

–<br />

‘ ’ <br />

‘’– —<br />

“ ( )—! <br />

–— <br />

() , <br />

<br />

! ()” <br />

– ,<br />

— ,<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

; <br />

‘’– <br />

– , ,<br />

, <br />

‘’– —“—— <br />

— <br />

–<br />

! ,<br />

!<br />

“— !<br />

<br />

<br />

‘’ –


“— <br />

!” <br />

<br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

—<br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, ‘’<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

! , <br />

<br />

‘’ ,<br />

<br />

,<br />

? <br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, ‘’<br />

-<br />

‘’ ?<br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

‘’<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

, ‘’ <br />

? , <br />

<br />

<br />

; , –<br />

<br />

–<br />

<br />

– <br />

‘<br />

’ –<br />

<br />

,


, <br />

, <br />

, <br />

–<br />

, , ! <br />

– <br />

! <br />

, <br />

, , <br />

, –<br />

( ) <br />

, <br />

<br />

“ ,<br />

<br />

, ,<br />

, , — ” <br />

– –<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

‘ ’ , <br />

– <br />

, <br />

‘ ’ <br />

<br />

—‘ ’?<br />

—–<br />

––<br />

, –<br />

<br />

‘–’ (<br />

) , ‘’– <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

—–<br />

, <br />

, <br />

— <br />

! <br />

—<br />

<br />

<br />

“...but the most<br />

brilliant graduates of our university found in him an<br />

intellectual giant”; found <br />

—made<br />

<br />

<br />

“ <br />

, ?— <br />

<br />

” ‘ <br />

’ <br />

(Vol.1&2) ‘ <br />

’ ( ) <br />

<br />

(C.H.Tawney) – <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

– <br />

‘’– <br />

‘ ’<br />

<br />

‘’ –


– —<br />

“ <br />

<br />

– <br />

‘ -’ -<br />

<br />

, , <br />

... <br />

<br />

— , ...<br />

–, , <br />

<br />

‘’ <br />

” <br />

—<br />

“ — <br />

<br />

<br />

‘ ’ <br />

<br />

” <br />

? <br />

, <br />

‘’<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

‘ ?’ ,<br />

‘ ?’ , ‘, <br />

, <br />

’ — <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

— <br />

<br />

– ,<br />

—<br />

‘’– – <br />

, <br />

– <br />

q<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

—–, , ,<br />

, <br />

, <br />

‘’ — , ,<br />

, <br />

The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda, Advaita Ashrama,<br />

Calcutta, Vol. III, 1984, p. 268<br />

— , , <br />

, , , <br />

— <br />

, , , <br />

, , ,<br />

, –<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

‘ ’ <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,


–<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

“ (<br />

) ” <br />

<br />

‘ ’– <br />

<br />

, <br />

; <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

–<br />

‘–’ <br />

<br />

( ) <br />

<br />

, <br />

‘ ’–– <br />

<br />

‘–’– ( ‘<br />

’— ‘ ’) <br />

. <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

—<br />

– “<br />

” <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

— <br />

‘–’ ,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

‘ ’– <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

, – <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

( ) <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />


– <br />

<br />

– <br />

;<br />

– <br />

<br />

– <br />

( , <br />

)<br />

<br />

<br />

( ‘ ’ <br />

) –<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

,<br />

– <br />

<br />

, <br />

, –<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

—() <br />

, ; , <br />

;<br />

() ‘’ , ‘<br />

’ ‘ ’ ;<br />

() <br />

, <br />

<br />

() ‘Viveka Murasu’<br />

(), , <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

‘<br />

’ <br />

‘ ’– <br />

, <br />

, , , <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

( <br />

) q<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

‘’– –<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,


, , <br />

[]<br />

<br />

..<br />

, <br />

?<br />

* , <br />

, – <br />

<br />

<br />

—<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

? , –<br />

<br />

, <br />

, , <br />

<br />

‘’,<br />

‘’ <br />

<br />

— <br />

–<br />

, , —<br />

<br />

<br />

spiritual<br />

hankering head , <br />

, , <br />

; ! <br />

*— — <br />

— <br />

, – <br />

, <br />

, , <br />

– ?<br />

..<br />

<br />

– <br />

: , idealism <br />

<br />

( ) — <br />

— <br />

<br />

,<br />

—<br />

<br />

— <br />

, <br />

— ,<br />

<br />

, <br />

, brain<br />

work Criminal tendency- <br />

brostal school , <br />

— —already in<br />

man; , <br />

<br />

? “Education is<br />

the manifestation of perfection already in man.”<br />

, – ,<br />

,


, , <br />

<br />

, by–product<br />

<br />

<br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, , <br />

– <br />

– prescription<br />

—, , – <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

“ ?” <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

!<br />

, <br />

; <br />

! <br />

! <br />

() — , ,<br />

, ; <br />

() <br />

—, , , , <br />

() — <br />

<br />

, ! <br />

‘ ’<br />

..<br />

—<br />

– <br />

<br />

, –,<br />

– , <br />

— <br />

<br />

permanent <br />

<br />

, <br />

, , — <br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

, ! <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

— ?<br />

– —<br />

heat ? heat– <br />

?<br />

function<br />

; , <br />

‘’ ?<br />

<br />

,


—<br />

— <br />

, —<br />

“Fame is the last infirmity of noble mind.” <br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

..<br />

<br />

“<br />

, <br />

”<br />

<br />

— <br />

, <br />

— <br />

, <br />

, <br />

— <br />

– <br />

mission work <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

, convention <br />

<br />

, —<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

“<br />

, , –—<br />

, ” <br />

“ <br />

” <br />

, “<br />

; ”<br />

<br />

, <br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

; <br />

<br />

‘ ’ <br />

“ <br />

”<br />

<br />

? <br />

?<br />

; <br />

<br />

,<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, thoroughly <br />

, , ! <br />

, <br />

, <br />

! , – !<br />

<br />

<br />

, —<br />

reform ,<br />

<br />

— , <br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

principle strict<br />

? Principle– <br />

— <br />

[]


– <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

‘ ’ <br />

, <br />

– (UK) – <br />

<br />

<br />

(‘Tyrone<br />

Times’, ‘Frontier News Network’ ) <br />

, <br />

<br />

‘’– <br />

– <br />

<br />

, – <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

(Scotch Street, Northern Ireland) <br />

, ‘ ’ <br />

<br />

, Tyrone Times-<br />

‘ <br />

’ <br />

, <br />

Killeeshil Clonaneese<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Belfast<br />

Queens University– Malachi O’ Doherty,<br />

Dundee University– <br />

Murdo MacDonald, Galway National<br />

University of Ireland- <br />

Doctor Malcolm Sen. <br />

—‘ , <br />

’ , <br />

–<br />

– (Blue Plaque)-<br />

, <br />

The Noble<br />

Thespians- , <br />

‘ <br />

’ (Awakening a Nation) <br />

, Beaghmore Stone<br />

Circles, Tullyhogue, Coyle cottage Ardboe<br />

Cross- <br />

<br />

Universal<br />

Society of Hinduism- <br />

–<br />

, <br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

Nevada ( ) <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Queens University– <br />

Jean McGuinness, <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

,


, , <br />

<br />

<br />

– ‘<br />

’ <br />

, - <br />

, ,<br />

, <br />

— <br />

‘Religion and Dharma’– <br />

<br />

<br />

‘India's 50 Most Illustrious Women’- <br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

“ ()<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

“ , <br />

–<br />

– –<br />

”...<br />

“ <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

“ <br />

() <br />

<br />

<br />

“ , <br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

; <br />

<br />

– <br />

”<br />

Dublin <br />

“ <br />

<br />

”<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

, –<br />

– – <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />


–<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

• <br />

• <br />

, , <br />

, – • <br />

• • <br />

<br />

—<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

,<br />

, <br />

–<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

; —<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

‘’ <br />

<br />

,<br />

– <br />

– <br />

, <br />

, ‘’ <br />

<br />

– <br />

, , <br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, ‘ ’,<br />

‘ ’ – <br />

‘ ’<br />

, –<br />

‘ (postmodernism)<br />

’ ; ,<br />

– <br />

,<br />

q<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

• <br />

• <br />

–, , ,<br />

– • <br />

• ++<br />

• <br />

‘ ’ <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

,


– <br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

‘ ’—<br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

– ( <br />

, ) , <br />

, , <br />

‘’ , <br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

• <br />

• <br />

, . .–, –,<br />

(), –<br />

• + • <br />

• <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

–<br />

<br />

‘’ <br />

“ <br />

...<br />

—‘ ’...<br />

, <br />

<br />

, –<br />

, ,<br />

( , )<br />

<br />

<br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

–– —<br />

q<br />

– <br />

”<br />

“ <br />

— ” , <br />

‘’ ‘ ’ <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

—‘ ’, ‘ <br />

’, ‘ ’, ‘ ’, ‘’, ‘<br />

’, ‘ ’ <br />

—‘ ’, ‘<br />

’, ‘’, ‘ ’, ‘<br />

’, ‘ ’, ‘ ’, ‘<br />

()’<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

q<br />


–<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

– ‘ <br />

’ ‘ ’– <br />

<br />

‘<br />

’ <br />

<br />

‘–’ <br />

<br />

;<br />

(...)<br />

– <br />

‘ ’ ;<br />

–<br />

.. <br />

.. <br />

– .<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

() <br />

<br />

<br />

() <br />

‘ ’<br />

(...) ‘’ ( ) ;<br />

() – <br />

(...) <br />

‘<br />

’– ; () <br />

<br />

() ,<br />

... <br />

<br />

() <br />

– <br />

, <br />

, <br />

; () <br />

<br />

– ( – )<br />

; () –,<br />

;<br />

() –<br />

<br />

– <br />

-<br />

() <br />

<br />

, – , <br />

, () <br />

‘ <br />

’ (...) ‘<br />

’ <br />

<br />

<br />

() ‘<br />

’ ; () <br />

‘<br />

’ ‘ ’– ;<br />

<br />

,


() <br />

<br />

<br />

() <br />

— <br />

–<br />

; () <br />

; () <br />

<br />

<br />

. <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

( )<br />

. <br />

<br />

, <br />

, <br />

<br />

. <br />

<br />

<br />

, – , –<br />

<br />

.<br />

<br />

<br />

. <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

- <br />

(.. .. )<br />

() – . <br />

. <br />

<br />

. <br />

() ‘ ’,<br />

‘ ’— <br />

, <br />

, ‘ ’<br />

‘ ’–<br />

<br />

. <br />

() <br />

‘ ’ <br />

‘ ’ <br />

‘ <br />

’– ‘A Poet, a Man, a Monk’<br />

– <br />

. <br />

() ( <br />

) <br />

, <br />

,. <br />

<br />

() – (<br />

) <br />

, <br />

,.<br />

<br />

() ( –<br />

) <br />

, <br />

. <br />

<br />

() (–<br />

) , <br />

<br />

. <br />

<br />

() <br />

;


; /<br />

<br />

; <br />

<br />

; <br />

<br />

, () <br />

<br />

<br />

. <br />

() <br />

<br />

<br />

. – <br />

<br />

,. <br />

– .<br />

<br />

–<br />

, ,<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Inclusive Adapted Physical Education and<br />

Yoga ( ) UNESCO<br />

UNESCO<br />

International Institute for Capacity Building in<br />

Africa– <br />

<br />

– <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

(<br />

)– <br />

<br />

() <br />

<br />

<br />

( <br />

) <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

( ), <br />

<br />

<br />

,


, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

-<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

–<br />

, ,<br />

, , , <br />

,<br />

, , , –,<br />

‘ ’ , ,<br />

, <br />

<br />

– <br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, ,<br />

‘ <br />

’ – <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

–<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

‘’<br />

‘ ’ <br />

, ‘ <br />

’ , <br />

‘’ ,<br />

‘’ <br />

‘’ , <br />

‘ ’ ,<br />

‘ ’ <br />

, ‘ ’<br />

<br />

‘’ <br />

<br />

<br />

‘’ <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

, () :


, <br />

<br />

, ( <br />

) : – , <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, () :<br />

– , <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

() : <br />

–, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

() :<br />

, ,<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

() : <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

(–) : –<br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

, () : <br />

, <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

() :<br />

– ,<br />

– , <br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

(<br />

) : – , <br />

<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

, (–) : <br />

–<br />

<br />

, <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

.. , <br />

.. , <br />

.. <br />

.. , <br />

.. , <br />

.. , <br />

.. , <br />

<br />

,

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!