Wellness Foods + Supplements 3/2022
Wellness Foods & Supplements is the first European magazine devoted exclusively to health ingredients, nutraceutical foods and beverages. Questions about the trade magazine Wellness Foods & Supplements? Interested in subscribing or advertising? The board of editors at Wellness Foods & Supplements kindly remains at your disposal.
Wellness Foods & Supplements is the first European magazine devoted exclusively to health ingredients, nutraceutical foods and beverages.
Questions about the trade magazine Wellness Foods & Supplements? Interested in subscribing or advertising? The board of editors at Wellness Foods & Supplements kindly remains at your disposal.
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Stress<br />
and colleagues examined the response of<br />
different segments of the mouse GI tract<br />
under basal conditions as well as precontracted<br />
to observe spasmolytic properties.<br />
Whereas no effects were reported for antrum<br />
and colon, lemon balm extract significantly<br />
and dose-dependently reduced the contractile<br />
activity in ileum and jejunum. The authors<br />
describe that treatment with the extract also<br />
reduced the spontaneous phasic contraction<br />
and overall lemon balm might slow the<br />
GI transit [16].<br />
Several other studies reported spasmolytic<br />
effects of lemon balm essential oil on<br />
isolated guinea pig ileum, rat duodenum and<br />
vas deferens, and on the jejunum of rabbits<br />
[7]. In line with these findings, Sadraei et al.<br />
reported inhibitory effects of lemon balm<br />
essential oil and especially citral as one of<br />
the major components of the essential oil<br />
on rat ileum. Contractions were induced<br />
by addition of 80 mM KCl, 320 nM ACh or<br />
1.28 µM 5-HT (5-Hydroxytryptamine) to the<br />
bath solution of the isolated ileum [17]. The later findings implicate<br />
the essential oil to mediate spasmolytic effects, however, the study of<br />
Aubert et al. analysed the investigated extract phytochemically and<br />
did not detect essential oil [16]. Thus, spasmolytic effects may not<br />
only be attributable to the essential oil but also to other not yet specified<br />
components present in an aqueous-ethanolic extract. Though<br />
clinical data are not available, the use of lemon balm against GI<br />
complaints has long tradition and numerous products are present in<br />
the market.<br />
Antiviral effect to treat cold sores<br />
Lemon balm shows antiviral effects. However, the European Union<br />
Herbal monograph does not cover the indication. A highly concentrated<br />
lemon balm extract with a drug to extract ratio of 70:1 is<br />
contained in a cream for the topic treatment of recurrent Herpes<br />
simplex labialis. The extract is standardised with respect to the antiviral<br />
activity using plaque inhibition test [6]. Symptoms of infections<br />
with Herpex simplex virus (HSV)-1 comprise pain and blistering on<br />
the lips and perioral area (cold sores). Usually, the primary infection<br />
occurs in the childhood and the virus is presumably remaining<br />
latent in the trigeminal ganglion. Of note, stress may be one factor<br />
to trigger recurrence [18]. Clinical studies for this special extract<br />
are available from the 1990s. Application of the cream significantly<br />
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No. 3 November/Dezember <strong>2022</strong><br />
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