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Differences in the basic principles in the<br />
guidelines and standards<br />
Item IMO/ILO/UN ECE EN <strong>12195</strong>-1<br />
Friction factor<br />
established by friction<br />
test<br />
- Frictional lashings<br />
- Direct lashings<br />
Conversion factor f µ for<br />
direct lashings<br />
Static friction µ s<br />
Dynamic friction<br />
µ d = µ s f µ<br />
<strong>IRU</strong> Academy Safe Loading and Cargo Securing Programme 10<br />
Dynamic friction<br />
µ d = µ s 0.70<br />
Dynamic friction<br />
µ d = µ s f µ<br />
<strong>Rev</strong> <strong>prEN</strong> <strong>12195</strong>-<br />
1<br />
µ =µ s 0.925<br />
µ f µ<br />
f µ = 0,70 f µ = 0,70 f µ = µ d/µ s<br />
0.75 < f µ < 1.0<br />
Internal friction Included Not included Included<br />
Coefficient of<br />
transmission (k-factor)<br />
© MariTerm i Höganäs AB<br />
Cargo Securing<br />
k = 2 k =1.5 k = 2<br />
© International Road Transport Union (<strong>IRU</strong>) 2010
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