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Required number of top over lashings to prevent sideways tipping<br />
IMO/ILO/UN ECE<br />
EU Best Practice Guidelines -<br />
Cargo Securing (p.108)<br />
© MariTerm i Höganäs AB<br />
Cargo Securing example 4<br />
where<br />
m = 2 tons<br />
g = 9.81 m/s 2<br />
c y = 0.7 g (table 2)<br />
c z = 1.0 g (table 2)<br />
d = 1.35<br />
b = 0.45<br />
h = 2.0<br />
w = 0.9<br />
k = 1.5 (section 6.2)<br />
F T = 0.4 ton = 4 kN<br />
α = 70º<br />
EN <strong>12195</strong>-1<br />
Equation (11) modified for<br />
centre of gravity off centre<br />
Answer<br />
<strong>IRU</strong> Academy Safe Loading and Cargo Securing Programme 26<br />
nF<br />
T<br />
m<br />
g(<br />
cy<br />
d cz<br />
b)<br />
<br />
( k 1)<br />
w<br />
sin<br />
( 2 k)<br />
h cos<br />
<strong>Rev</strong> <strong>prEN</strong> <strong>12195</strong>-1<br />
Equation (16)<br />
m<br />
g(<br />
cy<br />
d<br />
cz<br />
b)<br />
n <br />
f<br />
w<br />
FT<br />
(sin<br />
0.<br />
25(<br />
N 1))<br />
where<br />
m = 2 tons/section<br />
g = 9.81 m/s 2<br />
c y = 0.5 g or 0.6g (table 2)<br />
c z = 1.0 g (table 2)<br />
d = 1.35<br />
b = 0.45<br />
w = 0.9<br />
F T = S TF or LC/2 = 4 kN or 6.5kN<br />
N = 2<br />
f s = 1.1<br />
α = 70º<br />
n = 1.25 n = 30.0 n = 1.9<br />
© International Road Transport Union (<strong>IRU</strong>) 2010<br />
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