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QUADRUPLE.
..doth punish thieves with a quadruple restitution. 1628
MEAD in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. III. 268 The quadruple
strength which they have prepared against our fleet, a 1648
Lr>. HERBERT Hen. Vlll (1683) 9 [A sum] quadruple to so
much in this age. a 1745 SWIFT To George-Nim-Dan-
Dean, Esq. (R.), How I joy to see thee wander.. In circling
mazes, smooth and supple, And ending in a clink quadruple.
1807 HUTTON Course Math. II. 269 To receive light and
heat quadruple to that of the earth. 1810 KEATS Hyperion
n 146 A quadruple wrath Unhinges the poor world. 1815
MACAULAY Ess., Machiavelli (1887) 34 When the value of
silver was more than quadruple of what it now is. 1884
BOWER & SCOTT De Bary's Phaner. 4- Ferns 576 Single,
triple, or quadruple concentric series of narrow elements.
D. In various special applications.
Quadruple algebra, algebra in which four independent
units are used. Quadruple counterpoint, four-part counterpoint
in which the parts may be interchanged without
breaking the rules of counterpoint. Quadruple pistole -
sb. 2b. ^ Quadruple proportion quadruple ratio. Quatiruple
quaver, a hemidemisemiquaver. Quadruple ratio, the
ratio of four to one. Quadruple rhythm, time, in Mus.,
rhythm or time having four beats in a measure.
1557 RECORDE Whetst. Bjb, If it containe it Journalism xix. 145 Mr. Levy
.4. tymes,
reduced the price of the
. paper. .The circulation doubled, trebled, quadrupled.
Hence Qua-drupled ///. a. = QUADRUPLE a.
1607 TOPSELL Four-f. Beasts (1658) 99 The Harts of
Briletum and Ibarne, have their reins quadrupled or fourfold.
1865 MANSFIELD Salts 465 A quadrupled salt with
a single molecule of adjunct.
Quadruplet (kwg-drwplet). [f. QUADRUPLE
+ -ET after ; triplet^
1. //. Four children born at a birth.
1787 GARTHSHORE in Phil. Trans. LXXVII. 355 These
are the only cases of . . quadruplets he had ever heard of as
born in Scotland. 1836-9 TODD Cycl. Anat. II. 736/1 An
instance of quadruplets consisting of three boys and a girl.
1898 Daily News 15 Apr. 5/2 Hufler ventured on the assertion,
.that quadruplets were born once in 20,000 cases.
2. Any combination of four things or parts
united or working together, esp. four combined
springs (Knight Diet, Meek. Suppl.).
1851 DE MORGAN in Grave* Life Hamilton (1889) III. 338
We have then an harmonic quadruplet and sextuple!, and
we might have octuplets, &c.
3. A bicycle for four riders. Cf. QUAD**. 3 Also
pistoles. i869OusELEYCo*/7>. xvii. 134 Triple and quad-
. . ruple counterpoints consist of three or four melodies so
interwoven that any of them may become a correct bass to
the others. 1898 J. HAMMOND Let. 22 Dec., Hamilton's
Quaternions is a quadruple algebra, the 4 independent
units being his i, j, k, and the unit of quantity.
O. Hist. Quadruple alliance, an alliance of four
powers, esp. that of Britain, France, Germany and
Holland in 1718, and of Britain, France, Spain
and Portugal in 1834.
1735 H. WALPOLE Corr. (1820) I. 3, I believe you will
guess there is no quadruple alliance. 1815 JEFFERSON
Autobiog. Wks. 1859 I. 76 She [France) secretly engaged,
also, in negotiations with Russia, Austria, and Spain, to
form a quadruple alliance. 1871 FREEMAN Gen. Sketch xv.
8 2 (1874) 304 France, England, and the United Provinces
presently joined the Emperor in the Quadruple Alliance
against Spain.
fig. ijgj BURNS Let. to Miss Chalmers 12 Dec., Misfortune,
bodily constitution, hell, and myself, have formed
a '
'
quadruple alliance to guarantee the other.
d. Applied to printing-papers which are four
times the usual size, as quadruple crotvn, -demy,
-foolscap, etc. Cf. QUAD a.
B. sb. 1. Anything fourfold ; a sum or quantity
four times as great as another.
1609 DOULAND Ornith. Micro!. 61 Now if we place these
. . Triples in the vpper ranke we shall produce Quadruples.
1640-1 Kirkcudbr. War-Comm. Min. Bk. (1855) 149 The
quadruple of the pryce of the inch of the best sort of schoes.
1811 J. FLINT Lett. Amer. 309, I believe, if he had laid
them [the damages] at quadruple, the jury would have given
him every cent.
2. spec, f a. A tooth having a quadruple root.
attrib.
1895 Daily News 27 July 5/3 Professional riders on tandems,
triplets, and quadruplets. 1897 Whitaker's Aim.
641/2 A quadruplet team covered a flying quarter in 25.2 sees.
Quadruplet (kwo'drwpleks), a. and sb.
[a.
L. quadruplex fourfold, f. QUADBU- + flic-, to
fold.]
A. adj. 1. Electric Telegraphy. Applied to a
system by which four messages can be sent over
one wire at the same time.
1875 KNIGHT Diet. Meek. 1842/1 Quadruplex Ttlegraph.
1879 G. PRESCOTT Sp. Telephone iii, In
p.
1874 Edison
invented a quadruplex system for tne simultaneous transmission
of four communications over the same conductor.
1881 LUBBOCK Pres. Addr.Brit.Assoc. in Nature No. 618.
411 Duplex and quadruplex telegraphy, one of the most
striking achievements of modern telegraphy.
2. Engineering. Applied to an engine in which
the expansion of the steam is used four times in
cylinders of increasing diameter.
1896 Westm. Gaz. 8 May 10/2 A steamer, fitted with fivecrank
quadruplex engines.
B. sb. A telegraphic instrument by means of
which four simultaneous messages can be sent over
the same wire.
Hence Qua'drnplez v., to make (a telegraph
circuit, etc.) quadruplex. Cf. QUAD v.
1887 Brit. Merc. Gaz. 15 June 43/2 The multiplication of
wires soon attracted attention to methods of duplexing and
quadruplexing the circuits. 1889 Times (weekly ed.)
29 Mar. 5/2 If the line is . already duplexed .the addition of
the phonophore will quadruplex it.
a.
Quadruplicate (kwpdrw'plik/t), and sb.
Obs. f b. A coin of the value of four pistoles
(so in French; cf. A. b, quot. 1727). Obs. fc.
A fourfold fine. Obs. d. A printing machine
which prints
four copies at once.
1541 R. COPLAND Guydon's Quest. Chirurg., Two donales
two quadruples .viij. molares and two cassalles. 1655 tr.
Com. Hist. Francion xn. 20 See here his Quadruples which
I never touched before. 1673 DRYDEN Amboyna n. i, No
transitory Sum, three hundred Quadruples in your own
Country Gold. 1681 Land. Gaz. No. 1784/4 A considerable
Sum of Money was stolen, among which were several Quadruples,
or Four-Pistol-Pieces. 1695 Sc. Acts Will. Ill, c. 55
(1822) IX. 453/1 Incurring the Quadruples appoynted by the
said Act by way of penalty. 1690 W. J. GORDON Foundry
203 It was Mr. Lloyd who had the first of these new Quadruples
at work on a London daily newspaper.
C. adv. in Comb. In a fourfold manner.
1840 DICKENS Barn. Rudge xli. Places of distrust and
cruelty, and restraint, they would have left quadruplelocked
for ever. 1884 Health Exhib. Catal. 62/1 Blunders
Patent Duplex (quadruple acting) portable Fire Engines.
(kwg-drap'l),
v. Also 6 quad-
Quadruple
riple, 7 -ruble. [ad. F. quadrupler (1404) or
L. f. :
quadrupl-are, quadrupl-us see prec.]
1. trans. To make four times as great or as
as before ; to multiply by four.
many
'375 BARBOUR Bruce xvm. 30 He suld fecht that day,
Thouch Tryplit or quadruplit war thai. 1557 RECORDE
Whetst. Fiij, Therfore I doe quadriple .195. and it maketh
.780. c 1611 CHAPMAN Iliad i. 129 Yet we all, all losse thou
suffers! thus, Will treble ; quadruple in gaine. 1641 HOWELL
For. Trav. (Arb.) 87 Double the howers above twelve in
the longest solstitial! day, and the product will shew the
climat, quadruble them 'twill shew the parallel!. 1792 A.
YOUNG Trav. France 439, I am confident . .that the mass of
human wretchedness is quadrupled by their influence. 1882
PEBODY Eng. Journalism xxiii. 178 The Press, by reporting
the speeches of these men, quadrupled their power in
Parliament. 1883 Stubos' Mercantile Circular^ Nov. 982/2
The import of raw cotton, .has more than quadrupled itself
in two years.
2. To amount to four times as many as.
1831 LEWIS Use f, Ab. Pol. Terms xi. 92 The number of
females . . probably more than quadrupled that of the male
governors.
3. intr. (for refl.*) To grow to four times the
former number, amount, or size.
1776 ADAM SMITH W. N. n. ii. (1869) I. 296 The trade of
Scotland has more than quadrupled since the first erection
of the two publick banks at Scotland. 1833 HT. MARTINEAU
Cinnamon % Pearls v. 97 The exports .Thave quadrupled
since the relaxation of the monopoly. 1881 PEBOUY Eng.
10
[ad. L. quadruplicat-us, pa. pple. of quadruplicare
to quadruple, f. quadruplex : see prec.]
A. adj. 1. Fourfold; four times repeated.
Quadruplicate proportion, ratio, the proportion or
ratio of fourth powers in relation to that of the
radical quantities.
1657 HOBBES Absurd Geom. Wks. 1845 VII. 378 An infinite
from their gravity only, increase in the quadruplicate ratio
of their lengths. 1816 PLAYFAIR Nat. Phil. II. 169 The
same [probability] is increased in a quadruplicate_ratio,
from
considering the phenomena of all these four superior planets.
2. Forming four exactly corresponding copies.
1807 PIKE Sources Mississ. in. App. (1810) 72, I have
directed the formula for you to sign of four corresponding
quadruplicate receipts.
B. sb. L In quadruplicate: In four exactly
corresponding copies or transcripts.
1790 W. HASTINGS Let. to Boswell 2 Dec. in B.'s Johnson
an. 1781 Of these [letters], one which was written in quadruplicate
. . has already been made publick. 1900 Rules
(25 Oct.) under Money-Lenders Act vi, The order shall be
signed in quadruplicate by the permanent Secretary.
fig. 1886 KIPLING Defartm. Ditties, etc. (1899) 47 Four
times Cupid's debtor I Bankrupt in quadruplicate.
2. //. Four things exactly alike ; esp. four exactly
corresponding copies of a document.
1883 SIR C. S. C. BOWEN in Law Rep. Ji Q. Bench Div.
342 The . . conveniences which merchants . . believed to be
afforded by the system of triplicates or quadruplicates.
Quadruplicate (kwdr'plik^t), v. [f. ppl.
stem of L. : quadruplicdre see prec.]
1. trans. To multiply by four ; to make four times
as many or as great ; to quadruple.
1661 in BLOUNT Glossogr. (ed. 2). 1674 jEAKEXn'M. (1606)
56 Or else duplicate, .. quadruplicate, &c. the Fraction
according to the given Integer. 1694 SALMON Bate's Dis.
fens. (1713) 327/2 Sometimes the Proportion is to be quadruplicated.
1861 Under the Spell ill. 220 Prices 'were
" '
quadruplicated the ',' demand for places being great. 1888
G. W. CABLE in Amer. Missionary Apr. 90 If you knew the
national value of this work, . . you would quadruplicate it
before the year is out.
2. To make or provide in quadruplicate ; to
provide four (things) exactly alike.
1879 G. MEREDITH Egoist III. iii. 64 We are in danger of
duplicating and triplicating and quadruplicating [wedding
presents].
Hence Quadruplicating vbl. sb. (Ash Suppl.
1775)-
QTJJERE.
Quadruplication (kwgdr:plik?-Jan). [ad.
L. qnadruplicatiffn-em, n. of action from quadruplicare
to make fourfold : see prec.]
1. The action or process of making fourfold, of
multiplying by four; also, the result of this; a
thing folded four times.
1578 BANISTER Hist. Man \. 78 It [the vein] is admitted
into the quadruplication ofDura mater. 1611 COTGR. , Quadruplication,
a quadruplication. 1616 in BULLOKAR Eng:
Expos. [Hence in COCKERAM, BLOUNT, etc.] 1674 JEAKE
Arith. (1696) 24 .. Quadruplication is to double the Duplication.
1839 ALISON Europe (1849-50) VII. xli. 15. 19
Twenty-eignt years ; the well-known period of the quadruplication
of the Sum at compound interest of five per cent.
2. Civil and Canon Law. A pleading on the
part of the defendant, corresponding to the rebutter
at common law. Cf. QUADRUPLY sb.
1651 W. G. tr. Cowers Inst. 243 After a Triplication
[follows] a Quadruplication. 1796 AYLIFFE Parergon 251
Quad[r)uplications, which the Defendant propounds to the
Plaintiffs Triplications.
[f. QUADRUPLICATE v.
Quadru'plicature.
+ = -UBE.] prec., sense I. 1891 in Cent. Diet.
Quadruplicity (kwodrpH-siti). [ad. L.
quadrupliatas, n. of quality f. : quadruplex see
QUADRUPLEX and -ITT.] Fourfold nature; the
condition of being fourfold, or of forming a set
of four.
ci59o GREENE Fr. Bacon ix. 31 The quadruplicity Of
elemental essence. 1593 NORDEN Spec. Brit., M'sex i. 44
King Canutus the Dane,, .in regard of his quadruplicitie of
kingdomes, esteemed himsetfe more then a man mortal).
1664 POWER Exp. Philos. 37 Dr. Brown . . hath ranked this
conceit of the eyes of a snail (and especially their quadruplicity)
amongst the vulgar errors. 85 S. T. COLERIDGE
Aids Reflect. App. C. (1858) I. 395 The universal quadruplicity,
or four elemental forms of power. 1890 J. H. STIRLING
Clifford Lect. iii. 41 The origin of the term (final causes] lies
in the Aristotelian quadruplicity of causes as such.
t Quadruplify, v. Obs. rare~*. [f. L. quadruplus
QUADRUPLE + = -(I)PY.] QUADRUPLE v.
1578 BANISTER Hist. Man vin. 99 In the hynder part of
the nead these Membranes are Quadruplified.
Quadrupling (kwg diupttry) , vbl. sb. [f. QUAD-
RUPLE v. + -ING J. The action of the vb.
J
1694 Phil. Trans. XVIII. 70 The doubling, trebling,
quadrupling, &c. of Rations is performed by squaring,
cubing, biquadrating, &c. of the terms. 1885 Pall Mall G.
27 Mar. i/i Supplemented, say, by the quadrupling of our
field artillery.
tQua'druply, sb. Sc. Lam. Obs. rare. [ad.
obs. F. quadruplique (i6th c. in Littre Suppl.} ;
DUPLY.1 = QUADHUFLICATION J.
cf.
1695 Sc. Acts Will. Ill, c. 6 (1822) IX. 365/2 The Clerks
writing of the Defences, Duplyes, Triplyes, Quadruplyes,
and so furth for the defender and pursuer. 176* (title) Quadruplies
for . . R. Graham . . J. Bakie [etc.] to the triplies for
P. Honeymoon [etc.], Feb. 10. 1810 [see DUPLY b).
Quadruply (kwo-drwpli), adv. [f. QUADRUPLE
a. + -LY 2.J Four times in a fourfold ; degree or
manner.
1716 SWIFT Gulliver t. vi, The innocent person is quadruply
recompensed . . for the danger he underwent. 1793 1 .
TAVLOR Orat. Julian p. Ixvi, Thy orb quadruply intersects
these worlds. 1857 GEO. ELIOT Ea. (1884) 4 The poet's
[Young's] father was clerical,
quadruply
being at onct
rector, prebendary, court chaplain, and dean.
Quadruviall, obs. form of QUADRIVIAL.
Quadrypedyd : see after QUADRUPED.
Quadundrum, obs. variant of CONUNDRUM.
II Quae'dam. Obs. rare. [L., fern. sing, and pi.
of quidam some one, QUIDAM.] A woman, female
(in disparaging sense). Also as//.
01670 HACKET Abp. Williams i. (1692) 35 Vain attire,
wherein wanton Quit-Jams in those days came to . . excess.
Ibid. n. 128 He. .settles in Bugden-House for three Summers
with a Seraglia of Quzdam.
Quaem, obs. form of QUALM sb.
Quaer, obs. form of QUIRE sb., WHERE adv.
II Quaere (kwiT), v. imper. and sb. Also 6-9
quere, (7 queer, quire). [L., imper. of quxrfre
(med.L. querere} to ask, inquire. Now usually
in anglicized form, QUERY.]
1. v. imper. Introducing a question
or subject
of : inquiry Ask, inquire ; hence, ' one may ask ',
'
'
it is a question (whether, etc.).
1535 tr. Littleton's Nat. Brev. i8b (Stanf.) Quere the
dyuersite. 1348 STAUNFORD Kinges Prerog. (1567) 54 b,
But quere
whether his highnes may bee brought in possession
in those cases by a clayme or not. 1601 CAREW Cornwall
135 Notwithstanding, quajre, whether a causlesse
ambition .. turned not rather Golunt into Gallant. 1705
HEARNE Collect. 17 Dec. (O. H. S.) I. 131 Quaere more
about this. 1774 J. ADAMS in Fam. Lett. (1876) 3 David
SewalL.has no ambition nor avarice, they say (however,
quaere). 1813 J. BADCOCK Dom. Atnustm. 52 Quere,
whether the natural influence of light and heat occasions
this apparent coincidence. 1860 O'DONOVAN Three Fragm.
126 Quaere, is Conung an Hibernicized form of the Teutonic
. . koenuiig, king ?
2. sb. A question, QUERY.
1589 WARNER Alb. Eng. vi. xxx. (1612) 150 Thy bad doth
passe by probate, but a Quere is for mee. 1*19 H. HUTTON
Follies Anat. (Percy Soc.) 54 It would be thought a quzre
at the beste. 1646 SIR T. BROWNE Pseud. Ep. 282 The
greater Quere is, when he will come again, and yet indeed
it is no Quere at all. 1736 SWIFT Let. to Pope 25 Mar.,
I wondered a little at your quaere who Cheselden wast