Handbook of the federated Malay states - Sabrizain.org

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88 Mandhook of the " It is to be understood that such arrangement as is now agreed upon does not imply that any one Ruler shall exercise any other power or authority in respect of any State than that which he now possesses. " In witness whereof the said Grovernor, Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Charles Bijllen Hugh Mitchell, g.c.m.g., and the said Yam Tuan Besar of Sri Menanti, together with the Ruler of Johol and the Rulers of Sungei Ujong, Jelebu, Remhau and Tampin, have signed this Agreement dated the eighth day of August the year of Christ One thousand eight hundred and ninety-five, and answering to the sixteenth day of Safarthe year of the Hedjira One thousand three hundred and twelve." The Revenue of the State in 1900 amounted to $1,251,366, of this $125,169 was derived from the various items included under Land Revenue, while §,803,451 represents customs. The latter item of Revenue is derived chiefly from the duty on export of tin and tin-ore. The Revenue figures for 1900 compared with those for the previous three years, show a remarkable increase : 1897 1898 1899 1900 — $572,546. $701,334. $1,085,015. $1,251,366. The total expenditure for 1900 amounted to $1,009,318, as compared with $851,704 for 1899. Exports in 1900 amounted to $7,048,988, of which tin and tin-ore accounts for $5,338,424, and tapioca $946,507. Imports were of the value of $4,281,457, foodstuffs amounting to $1,346,623, (rice $794,613), and opium $411,184. The main agricultural product of the State is rice. The rice fields, especially in parts of the Kwala Pilah district and in Rembau in the Tampin district, are extensive and fertile. Rice cultivation is entirely in the hands of the Malays, who do not aim at anything beyond the supply of their own needs. There is little trade in home-grown rice, large quantities being imported to feed the Chinese and other foreigners. Simultaneous transplanting of the young padi from the nurseries to the fields is insisted on by Grovernment, as a safeguard against the destructive attacks of rats and other vermin; breaches of the rules controlling padi
Federated Malay States. 89 planting are punishable by fine. In the Kwala Pilah district alone it is estimated that there are 16,500 acres under padi cultivation. Tapioca planting has during the last few years been a profitable industry, owing to the high prices ruling. In 1900 126,201 pikuls were exported, the value of which is estimated at $946,507. The industry is in the hands of the Chinese and is carried on in Kwala Pilah, Tampin and Coast districts. Most of the planters hold their land under permits by which they are empowered to take three crops, paying duty on exportation in lieu of rent. New land, now given out, will carry a rent per acre and no duty will be charged on exportation. The soil is soon exhausted by tapioca, and after three crops have been taken is practically valueless for several years : it is then abandoned by owners of permits. To prevent this undesirable result in the future it is probable that Grovernment will insist on some permanent form of cultivation being introduced simultaneously with the planting of the tapioca. There is now a considerable acreage under coffee : most of the estates are in bearing. The large estates are all owned or managed by Europeans, and are situated in the Coast, Seremban and Tampin districts. The labour consists mainly of Tamils from Southern India, but Chinese, Malays and Javanese are also employed. A coffee-curing factory, the property of a syndicate, has been put up at the Port Dickson terminus of the Sungei Ujong Eailway. Here the all important process of curing is carefully carried out. The interests of the planters are watched by the Negri Sembilan Planters Association, which meets periodically for the discussion of questions affecting the industry. The export of coffee in 1900 was 6,207 pikuls ; this amount is valued at $117,944, from which it will be seen that the prices ruling during that year were very low. The climate and soil are well suited for the cultivation of Para Rubber {Hevea Braziliensis). There are over 2,000 acres at present under cultivation, the age of the trees varying from 1 to 13 years. The oldest trees (12 to 13 years old) have given yields of from 10 to 15 lbs. per tree per annum of pure coagulated rubber : these trees are also giving large crops of seed annually. Getah Ramhong [Ficus Elastiea) is also easily grown from cuttings and springs up quickly. There are about 200 acres
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Qass. Book .£41 \^bZ.
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HANDBOOK OF THE FEDERATED MALAY STA
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Digitized by the Internet Archive i
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PART I. FEDERATED MALAY STATES. The
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Federated Malay States, OFFICIAL ES
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— Federated Malay States. 5 These
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Federated Malay States. 7 workman.
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Federated Malay States. All Cadets
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— Federated Malay States. 11 So m
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Federated Malay States. 13 Hints as
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Federated Malay States. 15 The char
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Federated Malay States. 17 climate
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Federated Malay States. 19 and the
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Federated Malay States. 21 during w
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Federated Malay States. 23 Mining f
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Federated Malay States. 25 As they
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Federated Malay States. 27 The aver
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Federated Malay States. 29 A compet
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— Federated Malay States. 31 The
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TT - I 1 I iOo ^08- ,ot- ,0CJ N( -j
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Fe
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Federated Malay States. 35 The area
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Federated Malay States. 37 upon the
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LIMESTONE CLIFFS, KINTA.
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40 Sandhook of the One of the most
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Hiitory. — 42 Handbook of the 3.
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44 Handbook of the 2nd November, 18
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Revenue and Expenditure. — 46 Han
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48 Handbook of the allowed to lie f
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50 Handbook of the There are many o
Page 76 and 77: 52 Handbook of the Lower Perak, fro
Page 78 and 79: 54 Handbook oj the to preserve his
Page 80 and 81: 56 Handbook of the smelted at the P
Page 82 and 83: 58 Handbook of the Sapphires, garne
Page 84: Uoads. Buildings. 60 Sandhook 0/ th
Page 88 and 89: 62 Handbook of the When the lines n
Page 90 and 91: 64 Handbook of the local steamers,
Page 92: 66 Sandhook of the enthusiasm, in n
Page 98 and 99: 68 Sandhooh of the 4. W. E. Maxwell
Page 100 and 101: 70 Handbook of the been found, and
Page 102 and 103: — 72 Handbook of the the State of
Page 104 and 105: 74 Handbook of the 1770), and in a
Page 106 and 107: 76 Handbook of the Tin is usually e
Page 108: — 78 Handbook of the great value
Page 112: 80 Handbook of the be capable of su
Page 116 and 117: S^ tiandhook of the Selangor is div
Page 118 and 119: 84 Handhooh of the PART IV. NEGRI S
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Page 123 and 124: Federated Malay States. 85 BRITISH
Page 125: federated Malay States. S7 Klailg w
Page 129 and 130: Federated Malay States. 91 other. T
Page 131 and 132: Federated Malay States. Seremban is
Page 134: TRENGrGANU MAP OF PAHANG. Federated
Page 138 and 139: Geographical description. Fhysical
Page 140 and 141: 98 Mandhooh of the The State is wel
Page 142 and 143: 100 Handbook of the limit of the au
Page 144 and 145: 102 Sandhook of the fore, be confid
Page 146 and 147: 104 Handbook of the sprang from the
Page 148 and 149: 106 Handbook of the The Che' Wan Ah
Page 150 and 151: 108 Handbook of the undertake that
Page 152 and 153: 110 Handbook of the forced to flee
Page 154 and 155: Trade. 112 Handbook of the The foll
Page 156 and 157: 114 Sandhook of the Time in transit
Page 158 and 159: 116 Sandhook of ike To Singapore Lo
Page 160 and 161: lis B^andhook of the were recorded
Page 162 and 163: 120 Handbook of the system has, in
Page 164 and 165: 122 Handbook of the for his own imm
Page 166 and 167: 124 Handbook of the of gathering th
Page 168 and 169: 126 Handbook of the Mining. Prior t
Page 170 and 171: 128 Sandhook of the which mined the
Page 172 and 173: 130 Handbook of the abundant suppli
Page 174 and 175: 132 Eandhook of the covering, and i
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134 Handbook of the not, however, w
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136 Handbook of the arrival in Paha
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138 Handbook of the can always be h
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140 Handbook of the As a place of r
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APPENDICES,
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— — DIX A AND Singapore. Fares.
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AND Singapore. Singapore Agents. P.
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MENTS. Limited.—Steamers. ward. A
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Federated Malay States. 151 APPENDI
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Fedprated Malay States. 153 In plac
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Federated Malay States. 155 In both
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Federated Malay States. 157 Estimat
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Federated Malay States. 2nd Year. L
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Federated Malay States. Current Exp
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Zand—Rent at 50 cts. Superintende
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Federated Malay States. Summary. Ex
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Federated Malay States. 167 No. 2
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Federated Malay States. 169 Estimat
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