Handbook of the federated Malay states - Sabrizain.org

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106 Handbook of the The Che' Wan Ahmad frequently referred to above is the present Ruler of Pahang—Sultan Ahmad Muatham Shah Ebini Al Merhum Ali. When Che' Wan Ahmad seized the Pahang throne in 1865, he forthwith, as was but natural, repudiated the treaty into which his nephew, Bendahara Che' Wan Korish, had entered with the Tumenggong of Johore three years earlier. This repudiation, with its attendant rival claims to those portions of Pahang territory which Che' Wan Korish had ceded to Johore, caused considerable ill-feeling between the Courts of the two States. Three years later, however, that is, in 1868, a rectification of the boundaries between Pahang and Johore, at the River Endau, was settled by the arbitration of the then Grovernor of the Straits Settlements, Sir Harry Ord, K.C.B. There was thus created some dependence on the part of Pahang, and on the part of the Colony some obligation of protection and recognition. For many years after the events narrated above, Pahang was left alone, and, as a result, the State gradually became notorious for cruel mis-government, even among other independent Malay States, and strong representations on this subject were made to the Sultan by Sir Frederick Weld, then Grovernor of the Straits Settlements, during the years 1885 and 1886. It is difficult for those who are acquainted only with the Protected States on the western side of the Malay Peninsula, to realise the state of affairs which prevailed in Pahang prior to the appointment of the first British Resident in 1888. A system of taxation under which every necessary as well as every luxury of life was heavily taxed ; law courts in which the procedure was the merest mockery of justice, the decisions depending solely on the relative wealth or influence of the litigants, and where the punishments meted out were utterly barbarous ; a system of debt-slavery under which not only the debtor but his wife and their most remote descendants were condemned to hopeless bondage ; an unlimited corvee, or forced labour (" Krah " as it is termed by Malays), for indefinite periods, and entirely without such were some of the more striking examples, remuneration ; although the list is by no means exhaustive, of administrative misrule in a State within less than twenty-four hours of Singapore, and immediately adjoining the two Protected States of Perak and Selangor. The condition of the Pahang rwiat, or peasant, during the period in question, may be briefly expressed by stating that he had absolutely no rights,
Federated Malay States. 107 whether of person or property, not merely in his relations with the Kaja, but even in those with his immediate District Chief. This most deplorable state of affairs has, as already mentioned, since been happily changed for the better. In October, 1887, a Political and Commercial Treaty was concluded between Sir Frederick Weld and the Sultan of Pahang, similar to that entered into with the Sultan of Johore in December, 1895, and Mr. Hugh Clifford was appointed to act as the Grovernor's Agent at the Pahang Court, having functions similar to those of a Consular Officer. In February, 1888, a Chinese British subject was murdered at Pekan, then the capital of Pahang, under very aggravated circumstances, and His Excellency Sir Cecil C. Smith, Grovernor of the Straits Settlements, called on the Sultan to make reparation for this murder. For some time this was refused, but after protracted negotiations, the Sultan asked that the past might be condoned and that a British Pesident might be appointed to assist him in the administration of his country, on the same system as that in force in the Protected Malay States. This request was complied with, and Mr. J. P. Rodger was appointed the first Resident in October, 1888. The following is a copy of the correspondence which led to Pahang being brought under British protection : Translation of a letter from His Highness the Sultan Ahmad Muatham, Shah of Pahang, to His Excellency Sir Cecil Clementi Smith, k.c.m.g., Governor of the Straits Settlements. (After compliments.) We make known to our friend, -with reference to the correspondence hetween ourself and our friend, that we have considered our friend's words, and all that our friend has written. We have also had time to consult with our relation. His Highness the Sultan of Johore. Our friend will remember that we have already acknowledged our responsibility for the murder of Jo Hui (Go Hui), a British subject. We hope that no more will be said about this matter, and that Her Majesty the Queen will be satisfied with our expression of regret for what has occurred, and with our giving a guarantee for the future, that is to say, that Her Majesty the Queen should send us a British Officer in order that he may assist us in matters relating to the Government of our country, on a similar system to that existing in the Malay States under English protection. We now ask for such an Officer. In asking this, we trust that the British Government will assure to us and our successors all our proper privileges and powers according to our system of government, and will —
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HANDBOOK OF THE FEDERATED MALAY STA
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Digitized by the Internet Archive i
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PART I. FEDERATED MALAY STATES. The
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Federated Malay States, OFFICIAL ES
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— Federated Malay States. 5 These
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Federated Malay States. 7 workman.
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Federated Malay States. All Cadets
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— Federated Malay States. 11 So m
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Federated Malay States. 13 Hints as
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Federated Malay States. 15 The char
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Federated Malay States. 17 climate
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Federated Malay States. 19 and the
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Federated Malay States. 21 during w
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Federated Malay States. 23 Mining f
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Federated Malay States. 25 As they
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Federated Malay States. 27 The aver
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Federated Malay States. 29 A compet
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— Federated Malay States. 31 The
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TT - I 1 I iOo ^08- ,ot- ,0CJ N( -j
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Fe
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Federated Malay States. 35 The area
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Federated Malay States. 37 upon the
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LIMESTONE CLIFFS, KINTA.
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40 Sandhook of the One of the most
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Hiitory. — 42 Handbook of the 3.
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44 Handbook of the 2nd November, 18
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Revenue and Expenditure. — 46 Han
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48 Handbook of the allowed to lie f
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50 Handbook of the There are many o
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52 Handbook of the Lower Perak, fro
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54 Handbook oj the to preserve his
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56 Handbook of the smelted at the P
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58 Handbook of the Sapphires, garne
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Uoads. Buildings. 60 Sandhook 0/ th
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62 Handbook of the When the lines n
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64 Handbook of the local steamers,
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66 Sandhook of the enthusiasm, in n
Page 98 and 99: 68 Sandhooh of the 4. W. E. Maxwell
Page 100 and 101: 70 Handbook of the been found, and
Page 102 and 103: — 72 Handbook of the the State of
Page 104 and 105: 74 Handbook of the 1770), and in a
Page 106 and 107: 76 Handbook of the Tin is usually e
Page 108: — 78 Handbook of the great value
Page 112: 80 Handbook of the be capable of su
Page 116 and 117: S^ tiandhook of the Selangor is div
Page 118 and 119: 84 Handhooh of the PART IV. NEGRI S
Page 120: \ cuii iwhido ^'; REFERENCE oj . B
Page 123 and 124: Federated Malay States. 85 BRITISH
Page 125 and 126: federated Malay States. S7 Klailg w
Page 127 and 128: Federated Malay States. 89 planting
Page 129 and 130: Federated Malay States. 91 other. T
Page 131 and 132: Federated Malay States. Seremban is
Page 134: TRENGrGANU MAP OF PAHANG. Federated
Page 138 and 139: Geographical description. Fhysical
Page 140 and 141: 98 Mandhooh of the The State is wel
Page 142 and 143: 100 Handbook of the limit of the au
Page 144 and 145: 102 Sandhook of the fore, be confid
Page 146 and 147: 104 Handbook of the sprang from the
Page 150 and 151: 108 Handbook of the undertake that
Page 152 and 153: 110 Handbook of the forced to flee
Page 154 and 155: Trade. 112 Handbook of the The foll
Page 156 and 157: 114 Sandhook of the Time in transit
Page 158 and 159: 116 Sandhook of ike To Singapore Lo
Page 160 and 161: lis B^andhook of the were recorded
Page 162 and 163: 120 Handbook of the system has, in
Page 164 and 165: 122 Handbook of the for his own imm
Page 166 and 167: 124 Handbook of the of gathering th
Page 168 and 169: 126 Handbook of the Mining. Prior t
Page 170 and 171: 128 Sandhook of the which mined the
Page 172 and 173: 130 Handbook of the abundant suppli
Page 174 and 175: 132 Eandhook of the covering, and i
Page 176 and 177: 134 Handbook of the not, however, w
Page 178 and 179: 136 Handbook of the arrival in Paha
Page 180 and 181: 138 Handbook of the can always be h
Page 182 and 183: 140 Handbook of the As a place of r
Page 185 and 186: APPENDICES,
Page 187 and 188: — — DIX A AND Singapore. Fares.
Page 189 and 190: AND Singapore. Singapore Agents. P.
Page 191 and 192: MENTS. Limited.—Steamers. ward. A
Page 193 and 194: Federated Malay States. 151 APPENDI
Page 195 and 196: Fedprated Malay States. 153 In plac
Page 197 and 198: Federated Malay States. 155 In both
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Federated Malay States. 157 Estimat
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Federated Malay States. 2nd Year. L
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Federated Malay States. Current Exp
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Zand—Rent at 50 cts. Superintende
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Federated Malay States. Summary. Ex
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Federated Malay States. 167 No. 2
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Federated Malay States. 169 Estimat
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