Technology and Operation - Kernkraftwerk Gösgen

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Contribution to Switzerland’s electricity supply 4 Water vapour evaporating from the cooling tower. 1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001 Emission of radioactive substances (annual dose in mSv) Average dose for the Swiss population due to natural occurrences, with fluctuation range Maximum allowable dose in the vicinity of the nuclear power plant due to its emissions Threshold of importance according to the Swiss Radiation Protection Ordinance Actual dose in the vicinity due to the nuclear power plant 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 The radioactive releases are well below the authorised limits. average capacity factor of 90 %. Over the years, the cost of generating electricity fell from 6.3 centimes per kWh in 1980 to 4.64 centimes per kWh in 2009. Both minor and major modifications have been approved by shareholders, with the aim of constantly improving on the operational and safety parameters of the plant. These have included advanced fuel management, improvements to turbine efficiency and the retrofitting of a pressure relief system for the reactor coolant system. Together with reduced outage periods, this has contributed significantly to the 15 % increase in net electricity generation that has been achieved since the KKG was first brought into operation, corresponding to an extra 2 billion kWh or so per year. During this time, the radiological releases to the environment and staff radiation doses have been way below the limits set by the authorities. High safety standards, reliable operation, low emission values, cost-efficiency and also a permanent dialogue with the public have all helped to ensure that the KKG is readily accepted by the local community. The population of the canton in which the KKG is located and, more particularly, the surrounding communities, made this very � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
% 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Capacity factor and availability of the overall plant Contribution to Switzerland’s electricity supply 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Capacity factor Availability clear in the four public referendums held on nuclear power in 1979, 1984, 1990 and 2003. The KKG has approximately 500 employees, most of whom live in the direct vicinity of the power plant. Additional temporary staff are taken on primarily during the annual refuelling and maintenance outage. Availability and capacity factor Availability is the term used to describe the ability of a plant to convert thermal power into electricity independently of the actual quantity generated. External events which restrict power generation and are beyond the operational management’s control do not reduce the availability of the plant. The capacity factor, by contrast, is a measure of the actual use made of the plant. The availability is taken as an indicator of the performance capability and the reliability of a plant – from both a technical and an economic point of view. It is also an indication of A high capacity factor and availability are indicators of efficient plant operation and a good technical state of the plant. how well a plant is operated and maintained. A high availability means that only a few incidents have occurred and hence also constitutes a measure of reactor safety. The availability, taken together with the capacity factor, is the most comprehensive characteristic value employed for assessing a power plant. The KKG has continuously increased its capacity factor over the years, maintaining it at a high level. The value of 95.5 % for 2009 is much higher than the average value for pressurised light water reactors (84.2 %). � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 5
Page 1 and 2: Technology and Operation Gösgen nu
Page 3 and 4: 6 31 7 29 27 26 10 Headwater channe
Page 5 and 6: This brochure provides an overview
Page 7: Contribution to Switzerland’s ele
Page 11 and 12: The first self-sustained chain reac
Page 13 and 14: access for heavy goods vehicles. A
Page 15 and 16: pool then increases the storage cap
Page 17 and 18: is equally distributed over the thr
Page 19 and 20: Reactor coolant pump Reactor coolan
Page 21 and 22: Coolant treatment systems The volum
Page 23 and 24: leakage rate, and must also take ch
Page 25 and 26: Treatment of liquid radioactive was
Page 27 and 28: Safety barriers Nuclear fuel matrix
Page 29 and 30: The single-failure criterion applie
Page 31 and 32: Containment venting system 1 Contai
Page 33 and 34: An extensive retrofit of the pressu
Page 35 and 36: turbine from being damaged by erosi
Page 37 and 38: The feedwater pumps pump the feedwa
Page 39 and 40: ing, where it is divided over the n
Page 41 and 42: gency and residual heat removal sys
Page 43 and 44: ods to such an extent that the bala
Page 45 and 46: sound are performed in different in
Page 47 and 48: The familiar effects of ageing incl
Page 49 and 50: Aerosol collector. tower has also t
Page 51 and 52: The radiation dose received by the
Page 53 and 54: From the 1970s up to the 1990s, the
Page 55 and 56: Reprocessing plant La Hague Fuel el
Page 57 and 58: 1985 � The Federal Council approv
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terim Storage Facility for Radioact
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Characteristics HP = High-pressure
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Internet addresses � Swiss Federa
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Key technical data Power Gross elec
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53 56 55 50 51 Component drain syst
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Speed 3000 rev/min Turbine gross ef
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Technology and Operation - Kernkraftwerk Gösgen

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