Flowerless plants; ferns, mushrooms, mosses, lichens, and seaweeds

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MOSSES in dense cushions you may make up your mind that you have some kind of a hypnum. Examine it closely with a magnifying glass. If it is quite large and has bright-red stems showing through the leaves, it is a Schreber's Hypnum. This is a beautiful moss which grows in abundance in pastures and open woods. We have seen almost the entire surface of decaying logs covered with its dense green cushions. If you gath- er some of this, it will keep for a long time. .When placed in water the fresh, green look will return, and the red of the stems will be quite bright again. The stems of this moss are often from four to six inches long and nearly erect. They crowd very close together. The capsules ripen in the fall. One would think that such large plants would have many capsules, but they do not. Schreber's Hypnum. 106
HYPNUM MOSSES A hypnum that is easily recognized is the plume moss. Doesn't it look like a feather? This is common on decayed wood and stumps, in cool, moist woods in New England and New York. It is most beautiful in the mountain forest, where it covers the decaying trunks of fallen trees with its deli- cate, light-green plumes. The pinnate hypnum is common in lowlands. It grows almost entirely on rotten wood, in moist, shady places. It is a darker green than the plume moss and lies flat upon the logs in close, dense mats. The branching does not extend to the tips, as in the plume moss. Notice this in the pictures of the two mosses. It is one of the ways by which you can know the pinnate hypnum. These plants have many capsules. They ripen in winter, but remain in good condition Pinnate Hypnum. for a long time. Another common hypnum is the shaggy moss.. It grows on shaded banks that are neither very wet nor extremely dry . 107 Plunie Moss. The name
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California gionai nlity f e/vrtd 9x
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Digitized by the Internet Archive i
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Flowerless Plants Ferns, Mushrooms,
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PREFACE The purpose of this book is
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CONTENTS PAGE Nature's Teachings 9
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NATURE'S TEACHINGS Longfellow tells
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NATURE'S TEACHINGS the light and se
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FERNS PARTS OF A FERN Let us first
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HOW FERNS GROW says to the root: "
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ing. When the spores within are nea
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OTHER WAYS TO START NEW FERNS come
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OTHER WAYS TO START NEW FERNS Let u
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FERNS IN SPRING In the woods, we se
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THROUGH THE YEAR WITH THE FERNS Oh,
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THROUGH THE YEAR WITH THE FERNS pet
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THE MARSH FERN You see that they ha
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THE BRACKEN The picture shows you a
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THE RATTLESNAKE FERN them from mild
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THE RATTLESNAKE FERN this is divide
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THE EBONY SPLEENWORT ways grow in d
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Maidenhair Fern.
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FERNS cause the fine, black, wiry r
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FERNS fern cannot get ahead of the
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FERNS of Osmund. It is crisp and te
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FERNS THE SENSITIVE FERN August is
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THE SENSITIVE FERN green fronds are
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SPINULOSE WOOD FERN were to look at
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leaves keep their freshness and col
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" The Woodsia fern that scorns to d
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THE EVERGREEN WOOD FERX THE EVERGRE
Page 67 and 68: FERNS IN" STONE AND COAL many fern
Page 69 and 70: FERNS IN STONE AND COAL Useless? Lo
Page 71 and 72: MUSHROOMS up in clusters or circles
Page 73 and 74: PARTS OF A MUSHROOM and puts black
Page 75 and 76: PARTS OF A MUSHROOM that on the und
Page 77 and 78: HOW MUSHROOMS GROW decaying vegetab
Page 79 and 80: THE COMMON MEADOW MUSHROOM as these
Page 81 and 82: THE FAIRY-RING MUSHROOM THE FAIRY-R
Page 83 and 84: THE FAIRY-RING MUSHROOM Another sto
Page 85: The Edible Boletus.
Page 88 and 89: MUSHROOMS gray. When the spores beg
Page 90 and 91: THE AMANITA FAMILY The picture on t
Page 93 and 94: MUSHROOMS tells of taking a large b
Page 95 and 96: TREE MUSHROOMS and have little or n
Page 97 and 98: TREE MUSHROOMS These are only a few
Page 99 and 100: PUFFBALLS yellow, and then to a gre
Page 101 and 102: THE CORAL FUNGI clustered ; some ar
Page 103 and 104: MOSSES It seems as if nature filled
Page 105 and 106: MOSSES By holding this moisture unt
Page 107 and 108: THE PARTS OF THE MOSS PLANT that so
Page 109 and 110: THE PARTS OF THE MOSS PLANT the sta
Page 111 and 112: PEAT MOSS the spores are fully ripe
Page 113 and 114: PEAT MOSS The leaves have no midrib
Page 115 and 116: HAIR-CAP MOSSES is peculiar: Every
Page 117: HYPNUM MOSSES color. This capsule i
Page 121 and 122: WATER MOSSES shaded swamps, and alo
Page 123 and 124: WATER MOSSES plunge downward. This
Page 125 and 126: OTHER COMMON MOSSES the same locali
Page 127 and 128: OTHER COMMON MOSSES The wavy Dicran
Page 129 and 130: OTHER COMMON MOSSES a small tree mo
Page 131 and 132: LICHENS Lichens ! What are they? Yo
Page 133 and 134: LICHENS stead, the whole surface of
Page 135 and 136: REINDEER MOSS REINDEER MOSS The rei
Page 137 and 138: ICELAND MOSS northern parts of the
Page 139 and 140: LICHENS AS DYESTUFFS quantities on
Page 141 and 142: A FEW COMMON LICHENS Probably this
Page 143 and 144: A FEW COMMON LICHENS every rock wit
Page 145 and 146: 133 o -a H
Page 147 and 148: ULVA Seaweeds give homes and food t
Page 149 and 150: FUCUS OR ROCKWEED the fucus vesicul
Page 151 and 152: SARGASSUM, OK GULFWEED leaves, and
Page 153 and 154: EDIBLE SEAWEEDS " When descends on
Page 155 and 156: EDIBLE SEAWEEDS Isles it is a commo
Page 157 and 158: SEA TANGLE There is another order o
Page 159 and 160: 147 - -" 3 55 60 >
Page 161 and 162: SEA FLOWERS soft and densely tufted
Page 164 and 165: Unwerslty of CaWornto clUTY SOUTHER
Page 166: ^;::;; :; :!!;::;:!;: ;';^ n Uni
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