Lake Brownwood Watershed - Texas State Soil and Water ...

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The streams in the watershed are naturally “gaining” streams (i.e., flow increases downstream). The river generally gains flow by the discharge of groundwater to the river. Groundwater contributions come from springs and seeps along major streams and their tributaries. The aquifers in the study area generally yield only small amounts of water, and they receive comparatively low recharge. Accordingly most precipitation becomes runoff to local streams. Limited water supply shortages are projected to occur in the watershed because of increased water demand. Water availability in rural areas of Brown and Runnels counties is a particular concern. Brush management may be an effective means of improving surface water and groundwater supplies in the watershed. Further, the population in the lower Colorado River basin is projected to more than double over the next 50 years. This projected increase in population is the principal factor behind a projected increase in total water demand in the basin from approximately 1.1 million acre-feet in 2000 to 1.4 million acre-feet in 2050. Although the hydrologic data available for this study were not adequate for determining if water yields in the Lake Brownwood watershed have been affected by brush infestation, geologic and hydrologic conditions in the watershed are very conducive to enhancement of water yields through brush management. Analysis found in Appendices 1-4 are based on the period of 1960-1999. Further evaluations that include the drought of record may prove to be useful in predicting water availability for future water supplies. It should also be noted that modeling of such scenarios is dependent on input variables that are subject to interpretation. 3-18
4.0 REFERENCES Allred, B.W. 1956. Mixed prairie in Texas. In Grasslands of the Great Plains: their Nature and Use, by J.E. Weaver and F.W. Albertson. Johnson Publishing Co., Lincoln, Nebraska. 395 pp. Berry, J. 1949. The Hills of Home. The Press of Naylor Co., San Antonio, Texas. 93 pp. Brune, G. 1981. Springs of Texas, vol.1. Branch-Smith, Fort Worth, Texas. Bureau of Economic Geology. 1981. Geologic atlas of Texas, Llano sheet. University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas. _____. 1996. Physiographic Map of Texas. University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas. Cox, E.T. 1950. History of Eastland County, Texas. Naylor Co., San Antonio, Texas. 95 pp. Duff, K. 1969. Abilene on Catclaw Creek: a profile of a West Texas town. Reporter Publishing Co., Abilene, Texas. 298 pp. Dyksterhuis, E.J. 1948. The Vegetation of the Western Cross Timbers. Ecological Monographs 18(3):327-376. Fernandez, S. 1788. Diary of Santiago Fernandez from Santa Fe to the Taovayas and return to Santa Fe, June 24-July 21, 1788, and July 24-DecembeR 17, 1788. In Pedro Vial and the Roads to Santa Fe, by N.M. Loomis and A.P. Nasatir. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma: 1967. Fortune, J. 1835. Letter from James Fortune, Esq.” In Guide to Texas Immigrants, 1835. Texan Press, Waco, Texas. Reprint: 1974. Gay, B.G. 1936. Into the setting sun: a history of Coleman County. Santa Anna, Texas. 196 pp. Gould, F.W. 1975. The grasses of Texas. The Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas. Hatch, S.L., K.N. Gandhi, and L.E. Brown. 1990. Checklist of the vascular plants of Texas. MP-1655. Texas A&M University, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station, Texas. 158 pp. Havins, T.R. 1958. Something about Brown: a history of Brown County, Texas. Banner Print Co., Brownwood, Texas. 208 pp. Johnson, E.H. 1931. The natural regions of Texas. The University of Texas Bureau of Business Research, Research Monograph No. 8. The University of Texas Bulletin, No. 3113: April 1, 1931. Austin, Texas. Jordan, T.G. 1981. Trails to Texas: southern roots of western cattle ranching. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, Nebraska. 220 pp. Kennedy, W. 1841. The rise, progress, and prospects of the Republic of Texas. London. Molyneaux Craftsmen, Inc., Fort Worth. Reprint: 1925. 4-1
Page 1 and 2: Lake Brownwood Watershed Brush Cont
Page 3 and 4: LAKE BROWNWOOD WATERSHED Brush Cont
Page 5 and 6: LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 3-1 Gen
Page 7 and 8: 1.0 INTRODUCTION In 1985, the Texas
Page 9 and 10: 3.0 HYDROLOGIC EVALUATION The follo
Page 11 and 12: The western and southern portions o
Page 13 and 14: µ Blackland Prairies Rolling Plain
Page 15 and 16: Early travelers knew the location o
Page 17 and 18: Some of the native grasses that con
Page 19 and 20: Figure 3-5 2000 Watershed Vegetatio
Page 21 and 22: The gauge at Brownwood has the long
Page 23 and 24: Figure 3-6 Geologic Map of the Stud
Page 25: Artificial discharge of groundwater
Page 29 and 30: APPENDIX 1 BRUSH / WATER YIELD FEAS
Page 31 and 32: land use, weather, management, and
Page 33 and 34: Water Ponds, reservoirs, and large
Page 35 and 36: Hydrologic Response Units (HRU). Th
Page 37 and 38: Brush Removal Simulations All water
Page 39 and 40: LITERATURE CITED Arnold, J.G., P.M.
Page 41 and 42: A1-13 Lake Arrowhead Lake Fort Phan
Page 43 and 44: Lake Inflow Increase (acre-feet/yr)
Page 45 and 46: (2002), and TAES (2000). Points are
Page 47 and 48: Objectives This Chapter reports the
Page 49 and 50: competition for light, water and nu
Page 51 and 52: several reasons why this will not l
Page 53 and 54: Table 2-1. Cost of Water Yield Brus
Page 55 and 56: Table 2-3. NPV Report - Lake Brownw
Page 57 and 58: Table 2-5. Cost of Added Water From
Page 59 and 60: METHODS Land Use/Land Cover The lan
Page 61 and 62: Ponds and Reservoirs Surface runoff
Page 63 and 64: of increased water yield were expec
Page 65 and 66: Table 3-2. Subbasin data, Lake Brow
Page 67 and 68: Figure 3-2. Climate and stream gage
Page 69 and 70: Storage (Ac-Ft) 14,000 12,000 10,00
Page 71 and 72: Figure 3-5. Measured and predicted
Page 73 and 74: Figure 3-7. Cumulative monthly meas
Page 75 and 76: Figure 3-9. Cumulative monthly meas
Page 77 and 78:
Figure 3-11. Predicted cumulative s
Page 79 and 80:
APPENDIX 4 LAKE BROWNWOOD WATERSHED
Page 81 and 82:
COST OF ADDITIONAL WATER The total
Page 83 and 84:
Table 4-1. Cost of Water Yield Brus
Page 85 and 86:
Table 4-2. Grazing Capacity With an
Page 87 and 88:
Table 4-4. Landowner/State Cost-Sha
Page 89:
38 910322.94 612035792.59 1878.27 1
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