North American Flora: Agaricales, Agaricaceae (Vol. 10 ... - MykoWeb

PART 1, 1914] AGARICACEAE 65
patches, which are gradually drawn apart and at length are more or less deciduous; context
thick, firm, white, changing to reddish when bruised, poisonous to some persons; lamellae
rather broad, ventricose, close, remote from the stipe, at first white then changing to a greenish
hue, at length dull-green; spores in mass at first bright-green, fading to dull-green and becoming
sordid with age, subellipsoid, obliquely apiculate, uniguttulate, 7-11X5-7 n; stipe hard and
firm, tapering upward from the thickened base, fistulöse, fibrous-stuffed, the surface glabrous,
white or buff to pale-umber, 10-20 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick at the apex, 2-4 cm. thick at the
base; annulus thick, ample, soft, subcoriaceous, movable, apical.
TYPE LOCALITY: Guiana.
HABITAT: Meadows, pastures, cultivated grounds, and open woods.
DISTRIBUTION: New Jersey to Iowa and southward to Arizona, Texas, the West Indies, and
Brazil.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Mcllv. Am. Fungi pi. 14; Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: pi. 2; Hard, Mush-
rooms /. 35.
EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1301.
SO. VAGINATA (Nees) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. PI. 1: 601.
1821.
Amonita Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 63. 1797. Not Amanita Hall. 1768.
Agaricus \ Vaginata Nees, Überbl. Syst. Pilze 46. 1817.
Amanilopsis Roze, Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 23: 50. 1876.
Amanilella Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 449. 1909.
Pileus fleshy, putrescent, glabrous, farinose, or with thin volval patches, usually striate;
lamellae free; spores hyaline; stipe central, fleshy; veil none; volva adnate, fragile, or free,
usually forming a basal sheath or cup.
Type species, Amanita livida Pers.
Volva membranous, free; stipe not bulbous.
Volva narrow, closely sheathing the stipe.
Volva elongate, persistent; lamellae white; pileus variously
colored. 1. V. plúmbea.
Volva elongate, persistent; lamellae cream-colored; pileus buff,
with large, white volval patches; species confined to southern
California. 2. V. velosa.
Volva short, rather friable ; lamellae lemon-yellow ; pileus orange-
red. 3. V. parcivolvata.
Volva wide, not sheathing; pileus dull-white to yellowish, rarely
reddish-brown, usually floccose or scaly. 4. V. agglutinata.
Volva membranous, adnate to the base of the bulbous stipe, limb free.
Stipe less than 3 cm. long; pileus pale-brown. 5. V. pusilla.
Stipe much longer; pileus white or yellowish. 6. V. albocreata.
Volva fragile, adnate to the pileus and stipe in the form of squamules or
patches.
Pileus mealy or densely floccose; less than 5 cm. broad. 7. V. farinosa.
Pileus decorated with few or many patches; usually more than 5 cm.
broad. ' 1. V. plúmbea strangulata.
1. Vaginata plúmbea (Schaeff.) Murrill, Mycologia 5: 82. 1913.
Agaricus plumbeus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: 37. 1774.
Agaricus fulvus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: 41. 1774.
Agaricus hyalinus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: 63. 1774.
Agaricus badius Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: 63. 1774.
Agaricus vaginatus Bull. Herb. Fr. pi. 98. 1782.
Amanita livida Pers. Syn. Fung. 247. 1801.
Amanita spadicea Pers. Syn. Fung. 248. 1801.
Vaginata linda S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. PI. 1: 601. 1821.
Amanitopsis vaginata P. Karst. Hattsv. 1: 6. 1879.
Vaginata vaginata Murrill, Mycologia 3: 80. 1911.
Pileus thin, fragile, campanulate to expanded, 3-10 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous or
occasionally adorned with fragments of the volva, exceedingly variable in color, ranging from
white to shades of yellow, gray, brown, and reddish-brown, the commonest color probably being
plumbeous, margin deeply striate; context thin, white; lamellae free, fragile, white or some-
times tinged with yellowish or smoky-brown hues; spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 8-10 ju»
rarely larger; stipe subequal, slightly attenuate upward, scarcely enlarged below, glabrous or
floccose-squainulose, variable in color, hollow or stuffed, 6-16 cm. long, about 5-10 mm. thick,
sometimes larger; volva conspicuous, membranous, white, persistent, elongate, sheathing the
base of the stipe.