Review of Inhalants - ARCHIVES - National Institute on Drug Abuse

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Stopps, G., and M. McLaughlin. Psychophysiological testing <strong>of</strong> human subjects exposed to solvent vapors. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J, 28:43-50, 1967. Sundell, L. , J. Blume, M. Hane, and B. Ydreborg. Mental function changes among house painters. Lakartidningen , 72: 702-6, 1975. Vogel, J., and B. Nathan. Learned taste aversions induced by hypnotic drugs. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 3:189-94, 1975. Von Oettingen, W. , P. Neal, and D. Donahue. The toxicity and potential dangers <strong>of</strong> toluene. JAMA: 579-84, 1942. Wallenstein, M. , and B. Rosner. Correlation <strong>of</strong> behavioral and bioelectrical alterations caused by nitrous oxide. Physiol Behav, 16:551-6, 1976. Weiss, B., R. Wood, and D. Macys. Behavioral toxicology <strong>of</strong> carbon disulfide and toluene. Environ Health Perspect, in press. Wilson, J. Embryological considerations in teratology. In: Teratology: Principles and Techniques, J. Wilson and J. Warkany, eds. pp. 251-61. Chicago: University <strong>of</strong> Chicago Press, 1965. Wilson, R. Toluene poisoning. JAMA: 1106-8, 1943. Winter, P., D. Bruce, M. Bach, G. Jay, and E. Eger, II. The anesthetic effect <strong>of</strong> air at atmospheric pressure. Anesthesiology, 42:658-61, 1975. Wood, R. Behavioral toxicology <strong>of</strong> organic solvents and volatile anesthetics. Paper delivered at APA Symposium on the Neuro Behavioral Effects <strong>of</strong> Environmental Pollutant, Washington, D.C., 1976. Wood, R., J. Grubman, and B. Weiss. Nitrous oxide selfadministration by the squirrel monkey. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, in press. Wood, R., and B. Weiss. Volatile anesthetic self-administration by the squirrel monkey. Prepared for the First International Symposium on Voluntary Inhalation <strong>of</strong> Industrial Solvents, Mexico City, June 1976. Wyse, D. Deliberate inhalation <strong>of</strong> volatile hydrocarbons: A review. CMA Journal, 108: 71-4, 1973. Yanagita, T., S. Takahashi, K. Ishida, and H. Funamoto. Voluntary inhalation <strong>of</strong> volatile anesthetics and organic solvents by monkeys. Jpn J Clin Pharmacol, 1:13-6, 1970. 223
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Review of<
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT The Research Triangl
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PREFACE Inhaling psychotropic subst
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Perhaps society can begin to look o
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Mr. Joseph P. Nachtman Graduate Res
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CONTENTS (con.) Danger to Self and
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CONTENTS (con.) Acute Toxicity <str
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CONTENTS (con.) Chapter 11 Nervous
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CONTENTS (con.) Areas of</s
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Chapter 1 INHALANT ABUSE: AN OVERVI
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A special group of
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intoxication. Industrial workers ar
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most common complaints noted during
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SUMMARY Inhalant abuse, a youthful
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SOCIOCULTURAL-EPIDEMlOlOGlCAL ASPEC
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use of mind alteri
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2. Another reason is the nature <st
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Rates for inhalant use are on about
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with Indians, and blacks also are m
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Chambers, C., J. Inciardi, H. Siega
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Appendix SUMMARY OF EXPLORATORY STU
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New York Miami Louisville Los Angel
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Chapter 3 CLINICAL EVALUATION OF PS
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peer ratings of re
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The literature generally provides l
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MENTAL STATUS OF USERS Cognitive Di
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Tinklenberg and Woodrow (1974) cont
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Psychotic Organic Brain Syndrome (O
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Beer Marihuana Spray paint Liquor G
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Lachar and his colleagues (in press
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work setting while providing for an
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2. sniffing, unobtrusive or nonreac
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De la Garza, F., I. Mendiola, and S
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Maletzky, B. Assisted covert sensit
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MEDICAL EVALUATION OF INHALANT ABUS
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are not actively avoided. Table 1 s
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TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF CLINICAL SYNDROM
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Aerosols Abuse of
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either peripheral neuropathy or myo
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DATA SUMMARY Table 2 summarizes the
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Ear disease Nose, sinus, throat Fai
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over-the-counter drugs or use <stro
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The patient is asked to stand, to w
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Bass, M. Sudden sniffing death. JAM
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Storms, W. Chlorof
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(Taher et al., 1974), permanent adv
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during the course of</stron
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abuser, particular attention would
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Reinhardt, C., A. Azar, M. Maxfield
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NEUROLOGICAL HISTORY A. Record onse
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NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION (Items to
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VII. FACIAL MOTOR (VOLITIONAL, EMOT
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E. SENSORY: Chart deficits in: Pain
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Chapter 6 INTRODUCTION Daniel Couri
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TABLE 1 OCCURRENCES OF VOLATILE SUB
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Chapter 7 ABUSE OF INHALATION ANEST
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GASES Name Nitrous Oxide Ethylene C
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Generic Name Trade Nitrous Oxide No
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INCIDENCE AND CONTROL OF ANESTHETIC
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Deniker, P., M. Cottereau, H. Lôo,
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Chapter 8 TOXlCOLOGY OF ALCOHOLS, K
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The time course of
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TABLE 1 ACUTE TOXICITY OF ALCOHOLS
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Industrial exposure to ketones occu
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Despite widespread use of</
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It has been shown that methyl ethyl
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Chapter 9 TOXICOLOGY OF ALIPHATIC A
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percent of an oral
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individuality in resistancce to ben
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to intoxicate himself within 1 to 3
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Organ Toxicity Animal. Toxicity stu
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1961). The threshold limit value fo
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imately 3 percent of</stron
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several intermediates to 1,2-dihydr
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n-Hexante n-Hexane (CH 3(CH 2) 4CH
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toxicity. Frommer et al. (1974) not
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gests that death may result in some
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incoordination, prostration, and co
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i.v. the LD 50 was 51 mg/kg Dewey e
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II. Animal and human response to va
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Elkins, H. The chemistry of
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Grant, W. Toxicology of</st
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exposure with mortality and toluene
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Nomiyama, K. Studies on poisoning b
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Reinhardt, C., A. Azar, M. Maxfield
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Tauber, J. Instant benzol death. J
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Chapter 10 PRECLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
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TABLE 1 INHALATIONAL TOXlCITY OF FL
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There is no question that methylene
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In the canine heart-lung preparatio
Page 193 and 194: is used as a solvent in cosmetic an
Page 195 and 196: mean aortic pressure, and mean pulm
Page 197 and 198: Pretreatment of ra
Page 199 and 200: FC 11 FC 12 Compound Carbon tetrach
Page 201 and 202: National I
Page 203 and 204: Their toxicity and potential danger
Page 205 and 206: Zakhari, S., and D. Aviado. Cardiop
Page 207 and 208: include photophobia, irritation <st
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Page 213 and 214: chicken, cat, rat, and mouse. The k
Page 215 and 216: The combined solvents encountered i
Page 217 and 218: CONCLUDING REMARKS Little is known
Page 219 and 220: Saida. K, J. Mendell, and H. Weiss.
Page 221 and 222: Chapter 12 PRECLINICAL BEHAVIORAL T
Page 223 and 224: The squirrel monkey has been shown
Page 225 and 226: dependency. It may be possihle to i
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Page 229 and 230: without adverse effects. Threshold
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Page 235 and 236: Ishikawa and Schmidt (1973) noted t
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Page 239 and 240: The very early age at which solvent
Page 241 and 242: Bushnell P., P. Malof</stro
Page 243: Parkhouse, J., J. Henrie, G. Duncan
Page 247 and 248: Chapter 13 APPROACHES TO THE PROBLE
Page 249 and 250: these additive substances? Would th
Page 251 and 252: Another form of re
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Page 255 and 256: inhalant users among those Indian y
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Page 259 and 260: Impairments First, the type, onset,
Page 261 and 262: Evaluation of mixt
Page 263 and 264: mixtures and relate their toxicity
Page 265 and 266: This bibliography contains all refe
Page 267 and 268: . Combination of g
Page 269 and 270: Anonymous. Don’t get killed by a
Page 271 and 272: Anonymous. Product Safety Commissio
Page 273 and 274: . Toxicity of aero
Page 275 and 276: Banks, A., A. Campbell, and A. Rudg
Page 277 and 278: . GlomeruIonephritis associated wit
Page 279 and 280: Blumberg, H., and H. Herbert. Surve
Page 281 and 282: Brody, R., T. Watanabe, and D. Avia
Page 283 and 284: Carlton, R. Fluorocarbon toxicity:
Page 285 and 286: Cherkin, A. Mechanisms of</
Page 287 and 288: Cooke, J., and S. Beard. Speech int
Page 289 and 290: Cyran, J. [Symptoms and differentia
Page 291 and 292: De Rosa, E., B. Saia, and E. Bet. [
Page 293 and 294: Downing, R., and D. Madinabertia. T
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Elliott, H. Effects of</str
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Flek, J., and V. Sedivec. Determina
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. Exposure to white spirit. II. Psy
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Glogowska, M., and J. Widdicombe. T
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Grunewald, A., and G. John. [The ef
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Hattori, S., R. Tateishi, T. Horai,
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Holsten, F. Flashbacks: A personal
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Imamura, T., and M. Ikeda. Lower fi
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Johnstone, M. Letter: Nitrous oxide
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Kazmina, N. Study of</stron
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Kojima, R. Effect of</stron
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Kubic, V., and M. Anders. Metabolis
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Larsen, L. Occupational health case
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Lipton, D. A survey of</str
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Magos, L., W. Butler, I. White, and
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McKenna, E., and R. Kallio. The bio
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Molloy, M., I. Latto, and M. Rosen.
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Murray, A., and J. Riley. Occurrenc
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. Respiratory retention, uptake and
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Ostapenko, O., and V. Kustov. Evalu
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Philbin, D., and E. Lowenstein. Lac
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Przybylowski, J. [Current views on
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Richards, C. Does trichloroethylene
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Sackner, M., S. Epstein, and A. Wan
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Sawyer, D., and E. Eger, II. Hepati
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Schwetz, B., B. Leong, and P. Gehri
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Shuzaev, V. Toxic action of
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Smith, H. Inhalation of</st
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Stewart, R., C. Hake, and J. Peters
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Szadkowski, D., R. Pett, J. Angerer
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. Combined effects of</stro
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Toy, P., E. Van Stee, A. Harris, M.
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Ulanova, I., G. Avilova, N. Maltsev
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Vigliani, E. Leukemia associated wi
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Weinstein, R., D. Boyd, and K. Back
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Yanagawa, F., and T. Fujita. [Conce
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While limited supplles last, single
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17 RESEARCH ON SMOKING BEHAVIOR. Mu
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36 NEW APPROACHES TO TREATMENT OF C
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51 DRUG ABUSE TREATMENT EVALUATION:
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