Review of Inhalants - ARCHIVES - National Institute on Drug Abuse

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Herbolsheimer, R., and L. Funk. [Gaschromatographic determination <strong>of</strong> trichloroethylene, TCE, TCA, and ethanol in one analytical procedure from one sample (author's transl).] Arch Toxicol (Berl), 32(3):209-15, 1974. Herd, P., M. Lipsky, and H. Martin. Cardiovascular effects <strong>of</strong> 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Arch Environ Health, 28(4):227-33, April 1974. Herskowitz, A., N. Ishii, and H. Schaumburg. N-hexane neuropathy. A syndrome occurring as a result <strong>of</strong> industrial exposure. N Engl J Med, 285(2):82-5, 8 July 1971. Hetland, L., D. Couri, and M. Abdel-Rahman. The influence <strong>of</strong> inhaled ketone solvent vapors on hepatic microsomal bio transformation activities. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 37(1):111, 1976. Hewitt, P., and R. Hicks. An investigation <strong>of</strong> the effects <strong>of</strong> inhaled welding fume in the rat. Ann Occup Hyg, 16(3):213-21, November 1973. Hilderman, R ., and M. Deutscher. Aminoacyl transfer ribonucleic acid synthesis in toluene-treated liver cells. J Biol Chem, 249 (16):5346-8, 25 August 1974. Hindmarch, I. Drugs and their abuse: Age groups particularly “at risk.” Br J Addict, 67(3):209-14, September 1972. Hinkley, R., Jr. Microtubule-macrotubule transformation induced by volatile anesthetics. Mechanism <strong>of</strong> macrotubule assembly. J Ultrastruct Res, 57(3):237-50, December 1976. Hitier, J. [Hazards <strong>of</strong> the uncontrolled use <strong>of</strong> certain products.] Arch Mal Pr<strong>of</strong>, 33(9):491-3, September 1972. Hobby Industry Association <strong>of</strong> America. California results <strong>of</strong> survey on “sniffing” conducted among police chiefs; Position statement on glue sniffing; The scent <strong>of</strong> danger (a film); Suggested forms <strong>of</strong> legislation with respect to chemical inhalation. 200 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Holmberg, B., I. Jakobson, and K. Sigvardsson. A study on the distribution <strong>of</strong> methylchlor<strong>of</strong>orm and n-octane in the mouse during and after inhalation. Stand J Work Environ Health, 3(1): 43-52, March 1977. Holmberg, B., and T. Malentors. The cytotoxicity <strong>of</strong> some organic solvents. Environ Res, 7:183-92, 1974. Holmes, C. Letter: Pneumatoceles following hydrocarbon ingestion . Am J Dis Child, 129(9):1106, September 1975. 285
Holsten, F. Flashbacks: A personal follow-up. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr, 222(4):293-304, 30 December 1976. Horgan, D. Effect <strong>of</strong> heptane treatment on the response <strong>of</strong> sarcoplasmic reticulum preparations to phosphate. Aust J Biol Sci, 29(5-6):459-65, December 1976. Horikawa, H., F. Takahashi, K. Ichiyanagi, Y. Ito, and E. Naito . [Effects <strong>of</strong> halothane on the ATP levels <strong>of</strong> the liver, muscles, and blood in dogs.] Jpn J Anesthesiol, 25(13):1350-7, December 1976. Horn, K., and W. Dörre. [Environmental aerosol and human health (author’s transl.)] Z Erkr Atmungsorgane, 144(2):99-106, 1976. Horne, C., W. Thompson, A. Busuttil, R. MacSween. Long-term effects <strong>of</strong> carbon tetrachloride and sodium phenobarbitone administration on rat serum proteins. Br J Exp Pathol, 54(2):222-8, April 1973. Horowitz, L. Letter: Death related to argon gas exposure. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J, 37(2):A-10, February 1976. Hoschek, R. [Which chemical substances may cause liver toxicity when inhaled?] Dtsch Med Wochenschr, 92(52): 2400, 1967. Hoshi, E., Y. Ikeda, and Y. Gomi. A case study <strong>of</strong> adolescent “glue sniffers”: I. An analysis <strong>of</strong> personal factors before initiation <strong>of</strong> drug abuse. Reports <strong>of</strong> the <strong>National</strong> Research <strong>Institute</strong> <strong>of</strong> Police Science, Tokyo, 12(2):159-69, December 1971. Hott, L. Letter: “Angel dust”. Am J Psychiatry, 131(12):1411, December 1974. Houseworth, D. A study <strong>of</strong> retreatism in glue sniffing and non-glue-sniffing delinquents in Utah. Dissertation Abstracts, 29(8-A):2818, 1969. Howard, L., Jr., D. Brown, and D. Blake. Subcellular binding <strong>of</strong> halothane-1- 14 C in mouse liver and brain. J Pharm Sci, 62(6):1021-3, June 1973. Howard, P., P. Durkin, and A. Hanchett. Environmental hazard assessment <strong>of</strong> one and two carbon flurocarbons. Sycracuse University, Research Corporation, N.Y. Washington, D.C.: Environmental Protection Agency, Office <strong>of</strong> Toxic Substances, SURC- TR-74-572.1, September 1974. Hsiao, J., and W. Chiou. Binding <strong>of</strong> fluorocarbon aerosol propellants to bovine allbumin. Pharmacol, 12:303-15, 1974. 286
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Review of<
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT The Research Triangl
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PREFACE Inhaling psychotropic subst
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Perhaps society can begin to look o
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Mr. Joseph P. Nachtman Graduate Res
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CONTENTS (con.) Danger to Self and
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CONTENTS (con.) Acute Toxicity <str
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CONTENTS (con.) Chapter 11 Nervous
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CONTENTS (con.) Areas of</s
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Chapter 1 INHALANT ABUSE: AN OVERVI
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A special group of
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intoxication. Industrial workers ar
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most common complaints noted during
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SUMMARY Inhalant abuse, a youthful
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SOCIOCULTURAL-EPIDEMlOlOGlCAL ASPEC
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use of mind alteri
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2. Another reason is the nature <st
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Rates for inhalant use are on about
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with Indians, and blacks also are m
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Chambers, C., J. Inciardi, H. Siega
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Appendix SUMMARY OF EXPLORATORY STU
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New York Miami Louisville Los Angel
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Chapter 3 CLINICAL EVALUATION OF PS
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peer ratings of re
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The literature generally provides l
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MENTAL STATUS OF USERS Cognitive Di
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Tinklenberg and Woodrow (1974) cont
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Psychotic Organic Brain Syndrome (O
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Beer Marihuana Spray paint Liquor G
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Lachar and his colleagues (in press
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work setting while providing for an
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2. sniffing, unobtrusive or nonreac
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De la Garza, F., I. Mendiola, and S
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Maletzky, B. Assisted covert sensit
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MEDICAL EVALUATION OF INHALANT ABUS
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are not actively avoided. Table 1 s
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TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF CLINICAL SYNDROM
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Aerosols Abuse of
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either peripheral neuropathy or myo
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DATA SUMMARY Table 2 summarizes the
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Ear disease Nose, sinus, throat Fai
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over-the-counter drugs or use <stro
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The patient is asked to stand, to w
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Bass, M. Sudden sniffing death. JAM
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Storms, W. Chlorof
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(Taher et al., 1974), permanent adv
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during the course of</stron
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abuser, particular attention would
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Reinhardt, C., A. Azar, M. Maxfield
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NEUROLOGICAL HISTORY A. Record onse
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NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION (Items to
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VII. FACIAL MOTOR (VOLITIONAL, EMOT
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E. SENSORY: Chart deficits in: Pain
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Chapter 6 INTRODUCTION Daniel Couri
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TABLE 1 OCCURRENCES OF VOLATILE SUB
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Chapter 7 ABUSE OF INHALATION ANEST
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GASES Name Nitrous Oxide Ethylene C
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Generic Name Trade Nitrous Oxide No
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INCIDENCE AND CONTROL OF ANESTHETIC
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Deniker, P., M. Cottereau, H. Lôo,
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Chapter 8 TOXlCOLOGY OF ALCOHOLS, K
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The time course of
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TABLE 1 ACUTE TOXICITY OF ALCOHOLS
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Industrial exposure to ketones occu
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Despite widespread use of</
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It has been shown that methyl ethyl
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Chapter 9 TOXICOLOGY OF ALIPHATIC A
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percent of an oral
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individuality in resistancce to ben
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to intoxicate himself within 1 to 3
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Organ Toxicity Animal. Toxicity stu
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1961). The threshold limit value fo
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imately 3 percent of</stron
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several intermediates to 1,2-dihydr
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n-Hexante n-Hexane (CH 3(CH 2) 4CH
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toxicity. Frommer et al. (1974) not
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gests that death may result in some
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incoordination, prostration, and co
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i.v. the LD 50 was 51 mg/kg Dewey e
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II. Animal and human response to va
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Elkins, H. The chemistry of
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Grant, W. Toxicology of</st
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exposure with mortality and toluene
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Nomiyama, K. Studies on poisoning b
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Reinhardt, C., A. Azar, M. Maxfield
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Tauber, J. Instant benzol death. J
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Chapter 10 PRECLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
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TABLE 1 INHALATIONAL TOXlCITY OF FL
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There is no question that methylene
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In the canine heart-lung preparatio
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is used as a solvent in cosmetic an
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mean aortic pressure, and mean pulm
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Pretreatment of ra
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FC 11 FC 12 Compound Carbon tetrach
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National I
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Their toxicity and potential danger
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Zakhari, S., and D. Aviado. Cardiop
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include photophobia, irritation <st
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compound or of ano
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portions of the sc
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chicken, cat, rat, and mouse. The k
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The combined solvents encountered i
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CONCLUDING REMARKS Little is known
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Saida. K, J. Mendell, and H. Weiss.
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Chapter 12 PRECLINICAL BEHAVIORAL T
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The squirrel monkey has been shown
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dependency. It may be possihle to i
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spectrum of solven
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without adverse effects. Threshold
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espiratory arrest at higher concent
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ear problems (Patterson and Bartlet
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Ishikawa and Schmidt (1973) noted t
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statistically significant, it is di
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The very early age at which solvent
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Bushnell P., P. Malof</stro
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Parkhouse, J., J. Henrie, G. Duncan
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SUMMARY 225
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PREVENTION Abuse prevention is inte
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generally, to not using those subst
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drugs. Typical situations o
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to use appropriate controls or comp
Page 256 and 257: ents and neighbors in recreational
Page 258 and 259: eyond a week or two. This may be du
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Page 264 and 265: BIBLIOGRAPHY 243
Page 266 and 267: Abdel-Rahman, M., L. Hetland, and D
Page 268 and 269: Angel, C., H. Bounds, and A. Perry.
Page 270 and 271: Anonymous. Hepatorenal damage from
Page 272 and 273: Aono, K., H. Tateishi, and D. Karas
Page 274 and 275: Azar, A., H. Trochimowicz, J. Terri
Page 276 and 277: Bateman, M. Functional taxonomy <st
Page 278 and 279: Berlin, M., J. Gage, and E. Jonnson
Page 280 and 281: Bonnevie, A. [Letter: Acid hardened
Page 282 and 283: Buday, M., M. Labant, and G. Soós.
Page 284 and 285: . Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity st
Page 286 and 287: Clearfield, H. Hepatorenal toxicity
Page 288 and 289: Criteria Document. Criteria for a r
Page 290 and 291: Deguchi, T. Changes in serum trans
Page 292 and 293: DiVincenzo, G., F. Yanno, and B. As
Page 294 and 295: Dürr, M. Pressurized aerosols. A n
Page 296 and 297: Faure, J., H. Faure, M. Yacoub, R.
Page 298 and 299: Forni, A., A. Cappellini, E Pacific
Page 300 and 301: Gellman, V. Glue-sniffing among Win
Page 302 and 303: Gothe, C., P. Ovrum, and B. Hallen.
Page 304 and 305: Haraszti, A., and M. Sovari. Fatal
Page 308 and 309: Huff, J. New evidence on the old pr
Page 310 and 311: . The interaction of</stron
Page 312 and 313: Kaminski, M., et al. Some histochem
Page 314 and 315: . Metabolism, excretion, and toxico
Page 316 and 317: Konyaeva, A., and F. Vishnevetskii.
Page 318 and 319: Lafontaine, A., et al. Toxicity <st
Page 320 and 321: October 24-26, 1973. Conclusions an
Page 322 and 323: Lovius, B. Letter: Aerosol adhesive
Page 324 and 325: mation by mass spectrometry. Novemb
Page 326 and 327: Merry, J. Glue sniffing and heroin
Page 328 and 329: Mouton, N. [28 cases of</st
Page 330 and 331: Niazi, S., and W. Chiou. Fluorocarb
Page 332 and 333: of trichloroethyle
Page 334 and 335: Patterson, M., and P. Bartlett. Hea
Page 336 and 337: Posner, H. Biohazards of</s
Page 338 and 339: Ratney, R., D. Wegman, and H. Elkin
Page 340 and 341: Rosenberg, P. The effect of
Page 342 and 343: Sato, Y., and M. Maruyama. Immunolo
Page 344 and 345: Schmidt, P., I. Ulanova, G. Avilova
Page 346 and 347: Shepard, R., and J. Rose. Alcohol.
Page 348 and 349: Sjöberg C. [Hobby activity and dea
Page 350 and 351: Spierdijk, J., and V. Regjer. Dange
Page 352 and 353: Strusevich, E., V. Fedianina, O. Sa
Page 354 and 355: . Cardiovascular effects of
Page 356 and 357:
Tinklenberg, J., and K. Woodrow. Dr
Page 358 and 359:
Trochimowicz, H., A. Azar, J. Terri
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arbital sleeping and zoxazolamine p
Page 362 and 363:
Waizer, P., S. Baez, and L. Orkin.
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Wijekoon, P., N. Sivaramakrishna, a
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Zimmerman, S., K. Groehler, and G.
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4 NARCOTIC ANTAGONISTS: THE SEARCH
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27 PROBLEMS OF DRUG DEPENDENCE, 197
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44 MARIJUANA EFFECTS ON THE ENDOCRI
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DHHS Publication No. (ADM) 85-533 P
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