Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the Danish expedition to

242
Fig. 80. Lytocarpia myriophyllum (Linnaeus, 1758); Azores,
Atlantic Ocean (MHNG collection). Part of corbula with two
costae. – Scale: 0.5 mm.
above). Contrary to Billard (1913), the present
Indonesian material was very homogeneous and
showed only little variation. This material thus
differed also from Atlantic L. myriophyllum (see
Cornelius 1995b, Schuchert 2001) in having
unbranched colonies only, having a median
nematothecae reaching higher up the abcauline
wall of the hydrotheca, having much smaller
hydrothecae, and lacking intra-segmental ribs.
Thecocarpus myriophyllum var. angulatus
Billard, 1913 differs from the variety orientalis
mainly in having more inclined hydrothecal
openings. This difference and others mentioned
by Billard (1913) appear insignificant and this
form is here regarded as a synonym only.
Likewise, Thecocarpus myriophyllum var.
elongatus Billard, 1910 is also seen as a synonym
of L. orientalis (see Billard 1922).
According to Ansìn Agìs, Ramil, & Vervoort
(2001: 98), Thecocarpus myriophyllum vervoorti
Stepanjants, 1979 from the south tip of South
America also belongs to the orientalis group. The
spine-like processes of the corbula depicted in
Stepanjants (1979) set this species somewhat
apart. Because of this, the wide geographic separation
and its occurrence in colder waters it is
here not included in the synonymy, pending
closer examination of material.
Lytocarpia annandalei (Ritchie, 1910a) also
resembles L. orientalis, but the former has
pseudophylactocarps (Ritchie interpreted them
P. SCHUCHERT
as phylactocarps). Pseudophylactocarps have so
far never been observed in L. orientalis, but they
occur in L. perarmata. The latter species is –
apart from the pseudophylactocarps and the additional
nematotheca behind the hydrotheca –
strikingly similar to L. orientalis, notably in
colony habit and hydrothecal morphology.
Gymnangium unjinense Watson, 2000 appears
identical to the present material and this
name is here regarded as a subjective synonym of
L. orientalis. Watson (2000) based her description
on infertile material and acknowledged the
similarity to M. orientalis. The differences given
by Watson are here considered as not significant
Distribution
Indonesia (Billard 1913), Philippines (Billard
1910, as L. myriophyllum var. elongata), Japan
(Jäderholm 1919), Chile (Vervoort 1972), northern
Australia (Watson 2000, as Gymnangium
unjinense). Perhaps also China Sea (Leloup
1937, cited in Ansìn Agìs, Ramil, & Vervoort
2001). Type localities: Borneo Bank, SW Celebes,
5.058°S, 119.000°E, 450 m and Waigeu
Island, NW New Guinea, 0.063°N, 130.405°E,
141 m.
Aglaophenia cupressina Lamouroux, 1816
Fig. 81.
Aglaophenia cupressina Lamouroux, 1816: 169. – Kirchenpauer
1872: 27, pl. 1: fig. 11. – Billard 1907: 331, fig. 5.
– Billard 1909: 330. – Billard 1913: 107, fig. 96; pl. 6. –
Bale 1915: 319, pl. 47: figs 6–8. – Leloup 1930b: 15, figs
10–11, pl. 2: fig. 4. – Leloup 1932: 1–3. – Vervoort 1941:
233, fig. 11. – Millard & Bouillon 1974: 36, fig. 8E–F. –
Millard 1975: 408, fig. 128A–C.
Plumularia bipinnata Lamarck, 1816: 126. – Billard 1907:
331.
Aglaophenia macgillivrayi Busk, 1852: 400. – Allman
1883: 34, pl. 10, pl. 20: figs. 4–6. – von Campenhausen
1896b: 315. – Billard 1909: 331.
Aglaophenia spicata. – Kirchenpauer 1872; 27, pl. 1: fig. 12,
pl. 2: fig. 11, pl. 4: fig. 11. [Not Aglaophenia spicata
Lamouroux, 1816 = Monoserius pennarius (Linnaeus,
1758)]
Corbulifera macgillivrayi. – Naumov 1969: 530, figs 380–
381.
Material examined:
Kei Islands Expedition, Kei Islands, Tual, 2 m, 21 Mar 1922,
numerous stems, with corbulae. – Kei Islands Expedition,
Moluccas, Bay of Ambon, 1 m, 8 Feb 1922, with corbulae. –
Kei Islands Expedition, Banda Islands, Neira Island, 10 m, 5