230 P. SCHUCHERT Fig. 73. Monoserius pennarius (Linnaeus, 1758); A, station 70; B–C, E–F, station 67; D, station 102. A. Silhouette <strong>of</strong> young colony. B. Hydro<strong>the</strong>ca in oblique view, note abcauline gutter-shaped <strong>to</strong>oth. C. Two hydro<strong>the</strong>cae in side view, from colony with narrow spacing, same scale as B. D. Two hydro<strong>the</strong>cae from colony with widely spaced hydro<strong>the</strong>cae, same scale as B. E. Gonocladium with three gono<strong>the</strong>cae, note that <strong>the</strong>re is only one row <strong>of</strong> nema<strong>to</strong>cladia. F. Part <strong>of</strong> gonocladium with nema<strong>to</strong>cladium. Scales: A = 2 cm; B–D = 0.1 mm; E = 0.5 mm; F = 0.1 mm.
HYDROIDS OF THE DANISH EXPEDITION TO THE KEI ISLANDS curved in side view, with longitudinal gutter-like depression along its entire length, gutter also somewhat continued on abcauline wall <strong>of</strong> hydro<strong>the</strong>ca. Lateral cusps <strong>of</strong> variable height, <strong>the</strong> two in <strong>the</strong> middle more prominent. Nema<strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>cae all with finely crenulated rims. Median inferior nema<strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>ca reaching <strong>to</strong> middle or up <strong>to</strong> 2/3 <strong>of</strong> hydro<strong>the</strong>ca, free part <strong>of</strong> variable length, <strong>to</strong>p side open and thus gutter-like, opening in<strong>to</strong> hydro<strong>the</strong>ca (foramen) present, <strong>of</strong>ten difficult <strong>to</strong> see, perhaps also obliterated. Lateral nema<strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>cae cup-shaped, small, 0.1–0.12 mm long, opening facing <strong>to</strong>wards above. Gono<strong>the</strong>cae borne on modified hydrocladia, (gonocladia), about every third <strong>to</strong> fifth hydrocladium may be modified in<strong>to</strong> a gonocladium. Gonocladia straight, fully mature ones reach <strong>the</strong> same length as o<strong>the</strong>r hydrocladia. First segment as in normal hydrocladia, thus with a hydro<strong>the</strong>ca, along rest <strong>of</strong> gonocladium no hydro<strong>the</strong>cae, but with one row <strong>of</strong> spine-like processes (nema<strong>to</strong>cladia) bearing two rows <strong>of</strong> nema<strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>cae along <strong>the</strong>ir sides. Gonocladial axis also with nema<strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>cae. Nema<strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>cae adnate on one side. Gono<strong>the</strong>cae arise at base <strong>of</strong> nema<strong>to</strong>cladia, lens-shaped but not much flattened, diameter 0.7 mm. Remarks The genus Monoserius Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 is here used for this species and Hemicarpus Billard, 1913 is regarded as a synonym <strong>of</strong> it. With its gonocladia having a single row <strong>of</strong> side-branches (nema<strong>to</strong>cladia), this is quite a distinct genus. Mammen (1967) is here followed in regarding M. pennarius (L.) and M. fasciculatus (Thornely, 1904) as conspecific. Billard (1909, 1910) examined <strong>the</strong> type material <strong>of</strong> Sertularia pennaria Linnaeus, 1758; Aglaophenia spicata Lamouroux, 1816; and Plumularia Banksii Gray, 1843 and he concluded that <strong>the</strong>y are conspecific. He also included Aglaophenia secunda Kirchenpauer 1872 and Aglaophenia crispata Kirchenpauer, 1872 in this synonymy. It is <strong>the</strong>refore somewhat surprising that Billard (1913) regarded M. fasciculatus (Thornely, 1904) as valid and did not discuss <strong>the</strong> differences <strong>to</strong> M. pennarius. In <strong>the</strong> present material two variants are dis- 231 cernible: a variant with more robust, thick stems and long branches and a gracile variant with thin stems and short side-branches. These differences are here seen as age related. Distribution India, Ceylon, Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan, Sou<strong>the</strong>rn Japan, Palau, New Zealand. Type locality: Unknown. Cladocarpus keiensis new species Fig. 74. Type material: Holotype: ZMUC, Kei Islands Expedition station 24, Kei Islands, 15 Apr 1922, hard bot<strong>to</strong>m, colony fragmented; part <strong>of</strong> this colony as schizotype slides in MHNG, collection no. INVE 32487. Type locality: Kei Islands Expedition station 24, 5.62°S, 132.93°E, 100 m. Description Colony 6 cm high, stem with a few sidebranches, stem polysiphonic, composed <strong>of</strong> one superficial primary tube bearing hydrocladia (lost in lower part) and bundle <strong>of</strong> about 8 auxiliary tubes, number <strong>of</strong> auxiliary tubes reduced <strong>to</strong>wards distal, terminal part <strong>of</strong> stem monosiphonic; few side-branches present, structured like stem, lower ones slightly polysiphonic, distal ones monosiphonic, primary tube <strong>of</strong> sidebranches originates from primary tube <strong>of</strong> stem. Auxiliary tubes with a row <strong>of</strong> nema<strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>cae in groove separating two adnate tubes, nema<strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>cae <strong>of</strong> auxiliary tube similar <strong>to</strong> those <strong>of</strong> primary tube. Primary tube segmented in more distal parts, internodes long (0.9 mm); in distal third <strong>of</strong> internode an apophysis for <strong>the</strong> hydrocladium, with three nema<strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>cae: one axillary and two median in lower half <strong>of</strong> segment. Nema<strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>cae oval, free end gutter-like. Hydrocladia on stem and side-branches in two rows, alternate, stiff, thin, up <strong>to</strong> 2 cm long, <strong>the</strong> two rows not in one plane but at variable angle, angle may be smaller than 90°. Hydrocladium homomerously segmented by slightly oblique nodes, segments 0.65–0.75 mm long, diameter at nodes 0.15–0.2 mm, each segment with one hydro<strong>the</strong>ca and three nema<strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>cae: two laterals and one median inferior; internodes with regular
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