INTRODUCTION (a) after neut. sing., as reliquo noctis, xiv lo, i ; lubricum ado- lescentiae, xiv 56, 2 ; plus feminarum, xiv 36, i ; nihil hostium, xiv 34, 2 ; idem virium, xiv 52, i ; quidqiiid hoc in nobis auctori- tatis est, xiv 43, 2. (d) after neut. plur., as reliqua belli, xiv 38, I ; cuncta scelerum, xiv 60, I ; occulta coniurationis, xv 74, i. (c) after masc. or fem., also frequently, as with pauci, multi, &c. and in expressions like obvii servorum, xiv 8, 3 ; praevalidi pro- vincialium, xv 20, i. {d) with adverbs, as eo contemptionis descensum, xv i, 2. (e) 'pensi habere,' xiii 15, 5, adopted from previous writers, is referred to this head by Madvig, but to the genitive (or locative) of price by Roby (11 86). 24 [33]- Objective Genitive. (a) with verbs. The elliptical genitive, common with verbs of accusing and judging, is extended to new examples, as interrogare, xiii 14, 2 ; deferre, xiv 48, 2 ; aemulationis suspectos, xiii 9, 2. (i) with participles, frequently, as with cupiens, xvi 6, I ; patiens, XV 6, 6 ; and (according to one reading) retinens, xvi 5, i. (c) with adjectives, frequently ; the genitive sometimes expressing the direct object, where accusative with participle might be sub- stituted, as imminentium nescius, xv 9, 2 ; or a more remote object, where ablative with de would be usual, as certus eventus, xiv 36, 5 ; incuriosum fratris, xv. 31, I ; oftenest expressing the thing in point of which a term is applied to a person, as procax otii et potestatis temperantior, xiii 46, 5 ; morum diversus, xiv 19 ; morum spernendus, xiv 40, 3 ; laborum segnes, xiv ; 33, 4 maeroris immodicus, XV 23, ; S occasionum haud segnis, xvi 14, i ; and mani- festus, with vanitatis, xiii 23, 2; criminum, xiii 26, 5 ; ambitionis, xiv 29, I pavoris, xv 66, ; ; 3 and coniurationis, xv 60, 3. So too 'animi validus,' xv 53, 2 (a development of the locative ; Roby, 1 168). 25 [34]. ' Quahtative genitive, arising from the meaning belong- ing to,' 'a mark of,' as impetus antiqui, xiii 54, 6; tui muneris, xiv 55, I ; sui muneris, xv 52, 4 ; used with the same brachylogy as the ablative of quality, cf. § 18, as semper Romanae ditionis, XV 13, 4. To this may be referred diurni quoque victus, xv 38, 7. 26 [37]. The gerundive genitive. (a) This is much used as a defining genitive, as materiem xvi :
SYNTAX arguendae sententiae, xiii 49, l ; interficiendi domini animum, xiv 44, I ; constantiam opperiendae mortis, xiv 59, 2. Sometimes it is epexegetic of a neuter adjective, as nee grave manu missis . . . retinendi libertatem, xiii 26, 4 (supply the idea of ' opus ') ; Vologesi vetus et penitus infixum erat arma Romana vitandi, xv 5, 3 (supply the idea of 'consilium'). So, perhaps, ostentandi, xv 21, 3, sup- plying ' ius ' from the context. (d) A remarkable use is iactandi ingenii, xiii il, 2, an imitation of the Greek genitive of infinitive expressing purpose, like to 'KjjaTKov Kadrjpn, tov tus npoauSovs fxaWov levai avT(c (Thuc, i. 4). III. Verbs. 27 [38, 39]. Tacitus uses more freedom than earlier classical writers in the omission of verbs of speaking, as in xiii 56, i ; xv 17, 2, and many other passages ; motion, xiv 8, 4; see also teneri (sc. poterat), xiii 41, 3 ; and the elliptical expressions in xiv 7, 2. Parts of ' esse,' other than present indicative and infinitive, are omitted, especially in relative or dependent clauses, as quod peditum (sc. fuit), interfecit, xiv 32, 6 qua proximum . . . ; Armenios petivit, XV 12, I. The subjunctive of this verb is also freely omitted when another subjunctive follows, and in oratio obliqua, as xiii 55, 5. Note also omission of ' fuisse ' after a future participle, XV 16, I ; XV 24, ; 3 xv 67, i. 28 [40]. Simple verbs are often used in place of compound, a poetical use ; as pressus for oppressus, xiv 5,2; for repressus, xiv 64, 3 ; nosco for cognosce, xv ; 73, 3 haurio (or exhaurio, xvi 18, I egerat for coegerat, xvi 34, est, xvi 13, 5. 2. Cf. also movetur, xiv 60, 5 ; solatus 29 [41]. Verbs usually transitive are used intransitively, as ago, xiii 24, I, iS:c. ; verto, xiii 37, 4, &c. ; flecto, xv6i,6 ; moveo, xv 46, 3. 30 [42]. The personal passives regnantur, xiii 54, 2, and dubi- taretur, xiv 7, i, are peculiar. IV. Moods and Tenses. A. Infinitive. 31 [43]. Verbs of commanding, entreating, and advising, and those expressing effort and compulsion, which in earlier classical PITMAN xvii B ;
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