THE "SUMMA THEOLOGICA"

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Q. _o_.ART. 3 THE " SUMMA THEOLOGICA" 37o THIRD ARTICLE. WHETHER MAN WAS PLACED IN PARADISE TO DRESS IT AND lgEF_P IT We proceed thus to the Third Article :_ Objection I. It would seem that man was not placed in paradise to dress and keep it. For what was brought on him as a punishment of sin would not have existed in paradise in the state of innocence. But the cultivation of the soil was a punishment of sin (Gen. iii. I7). Therefore man was not placed in paradise to dress and keep it. Obj. 2. Further, there is no need of a keeper when there is no fear of trespass with violence. But in paradise there was no fear of trespass with violence. Therefore there was no need for man to keep paradise. Obj. 3- Further, if man was placed in paradise to dress and keep it, man would apparently have been made for the sake of paradise, and not contrariwise; which seems to be false. Therefore man was not placed in paradise to dress and keep it. On the contrary, It is writien (Gen. ii. I5): The Lord God took man and placed him in the paradise of pleasure, to dress and keep it. I ans_ver that, As Augustine says (Gen. ad lit. viii. Io), these words of Genesis may be understood in two ways. First, in the sense that God placed man in paradise that He might Himself work in man and keep him, by sanctifying him (for if this work cease, man at once relapses into darkness, as the air grows dark when the light ceases to shine) ; and by keeping man from all corruption and evil. Secondly, that man might dress and keep paradise, which dressing would not have involved labour, as it did after sin; but would have been pleasant on account of man's practical knowledge of the powers of nature. Nor would man have kept paradise against a trespasser; but he would have striven to keep paradise for himself lest he should lose it
37x MAN'S ABODE--PARADISE _.to2.AgT.4 by sin. All of which was for man's good; wherefore paradisewas orderedtoman's benefit, and notconversely. Whence theRepliestotheObjectionsaremade clear. FOURTH ARTICLE. WHETHER MAN WAS CREATED IN PARADISE? We proceed thus to the Fourth Article :- Objection I. It would seem that man was created in paradise. For the angel was created in his dwelling-place --namely, the empyrean heaven. But before sin paradise was a fitting abode for man. Therefore it seems that man was created in paradise. Obj. 2. Further, other animals remain in the place where they are produced, as the fish in water, and walking animals on the earth from which they were made. Now man would have remained in paradise after he was created (Q. XCVII., A. 4). Therefore he was created in paradise. Obi. 3- Further, woman was made in paradise. But man is greater than woman. Therefore much more should man have been made in paradise. On the contrary, It is written (Gen. ii. 15): God took man and placed him in paradise. I answer that, Paradise was a fitting abode for man as regards the incorruptibility of the primitive state. Now this incorruptibility was man's, not by nature, but by a supernatural gift of God. Therefore that this might be attributed to God, and not to human nature, God made man outside of paradise, and afterwards placed him there to live there during the whole of his animal life ; and, having attained to the spiritual life, to be transferred thence to heaven. Reply Obi. I. The empyrean heaven was a fitting abode for the angels as regards their nature, and therefore they were created there. In the same way I reply to the second objection, for those places befit those animals in their nature.
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THE "SUMMA THEOLOGICA" OF ST. THOMA
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1749 .T5 1920 v.4 LETTER FROM THE C
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CONTENTS TREATISE ON MAN QUESTION P
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QUESTION XCI. THE PRODUCTION OF THE
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