DICTIONARY OF

Caulker 73 Cement Box
Caulker. One who caulks seams.
Caulking Iron. Tool used for pressing down caulking in a seam preparatory to paying.
Caulking Mallet. Wooden mallet used for applying force to caulking iron.
Causa Proxima. Latin for 'Proximate Cause'.
Ceiling. Wooden covering over tank tops in bottom of a hold. Formerly, was that portion of
a ship's side inboard and between deck beams and limber strake. This meaning is still
retained in 'spar ceiling'.
Celestial. Pertaining to the sky, or celestial concave.
Celestial Concave. The heavens. The celestial sphere.
Celestial Equator. Great circle of celestial sphere that is 90° from celestial poles. Is plane of
Earth's equator carried to celestial concave. Usually called the Equinoctial.
Celestial Horizon. 'Rational horizon.'
Celestial Latitude. Angular distance above or below plane of Ecliptic. Measured on a circle
of celestial longitude and prefixed with plus sign if north of Ecliptic, minus sign if south of
it. Not usually considered in navigation.
Celestial Longitude. Angular distance along Ecliptic from First Point of Aries, measured in
direction of Sun's apparent path and expressed in arc 0° to 360°. Not usually considered in
navigation.
Celestial Meridian. Great circle of celestial sphere that is a secondary circle to Equinoctial.
Declination is measured on it.
Celestial Poles. Those points in celestial concave that are in the zenith at north and south
poles of Earth.
Celestial Sphere. General name for the heavens, or sky. Heavenly bodies are assumed to be
on the interior surface of a hollow sphere. Name is sometimes given to a globe showing
places of stars on its outer surface. It is preferable to call this a 'star globe'.
Cellular System. Ship construction in which double bottom is divided into small spaces by
erection of intercostal longitudinals between floors.
Celox. Fast, single-banked vessel of Rhodes in classic times.
Celonavigation. Name suggested by Harbord (Glossary of Navigation) to denote
navigational workings requiring observations of celestial bodies. Astro-navigation.
Celsius. (Centigrade) Graduation of thermometer scale in which the freezing temperature is
0°C and boiling point 100°C.
Cement. Calcined chalk and clay in powder form. Mixed with water and an aggregate (sand,
etc.). Is alkaline, so neutralising acids. Used in ships as protection against abrasion,
corrosion, percussion, to give additional strength and for stopping leaks.
Cement Box. Portland cement and aggregate inserted between wooden shuttering and a
leaking plate, or seam, to stop the leak.