HVAC SYSTEMS - HFT Stuttgart

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XII TABLE OF CONTENT 6.2 MODEL BASED DEVELOPMENT OF PRIMARY ENERGY OPTIMISED CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR OPEN DESICCANT EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEMS (DEC)............................256 7. CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK ......................................260 7.1 SOLAR DRIVEN CLOSED ABSORPTION COOLING SYSTEMS ....260 7.2 PRIMARY ENERGY OPTIMISED CONTROL STRATEGY FOR OPEN DESICCANT EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEMS............264 7.3 CLOSED ABSORPTION COOLING SYSTEMS VERSUS OPEN DESICCANT EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEMS .....................265 REFERENCES ....................................................................268 OWN PUBLICATIONS ..........................................................272
APPENDIX XIII TABLE OF CONTENT APPENDIX A 274 MODEL DEVELOPMENT APPENDIX B 299 DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE SOLAR COOLING SYSTEM INSTALLED AT THE SOLARNEXT OFFICE BUILDING IN RIMSTING, GERMANY APPENDIX C 307 OPTIMISED CONTROL SEQUENCES OF THE FOUR ANALYSED STORAGE CHARGE AND DISCHARGE CASES (SEE CHAPTER 4.5.3) APPENDIX D 311 DETAILED SIMULATION RESULTS OF THE FOUR ANALYSED STORAGE CHARGE AND DISCHARGE CASES (SEE CHAPTER 4.5.5) APPENDIX E 317 SIEMENS BPS CONTROL UNIT FOR DEC SYSTEM CONTROL
Page 1: MODEL BASED CONTROL OPTIMISATION OF
Page 4 and 5: IV ABSTRACT - For optimised control
Page 6 and 7: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS VI ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Page 8 and 9: TABLE OF CONTENT VIII TABLE OF CONT
Page 10 and 11: X TABLE OF CONTENT 4.5 ANALYSIS AND
Page 14 and 15: NOMENCLATURE Latin letters A [m²]
Page 16 and 17: Greek Letters α [W/m² K] heat tra
Page 18 and 19: wb wet bulb Abbreviations ACM Absor
Page 20 and 21: Page - 2 - CHAPTER 01 a thermal coo
Page 22 and 23: Page - 4 - CHAPTER 01 explains the
Page 24 and 25: Page - 6 - CHAPTER 01 The concept o
Page 26 and 27: Page - 8 - CHAPTER 01 Mean calculat
Page 28 and 29: Page - 10 - CHAPTER 01 analysed in
Page 30 and 31: 2. MODEL DEVELOPMENT FOR SOLAR COOL
Page 32 and 33: Page - 14 - CHAPTER 02 In the prese
Page 34 and 35: Page - 16 - CHAPTER 02 Within chapt
Page 36 and 37: Page - 18 - CHAPTER 02 b) Simple on
Page 38 and 39: Page - 20 - CHAPTER 02 is off. For
Page 40 and 41: Page - 22 - CHAPTER 02 Since only s
Page 42 and 43: Page - 24 - CHAPTER 02 negative eff
Page 44 and 45: 2.2.1.4 Tubing Page - 26 - CHAPTER
Page 46 and 47: tube fl fl tube tubel Page - 28 - C
Page 48 and 49: Temperature / °C 90 80 70 60 50 40
Page 50 and 51: TH 8 9 Qc & C G E Qe & Fig. 2-6: Sy
Page 52 and 53: Page - 34 - CHAPTER 02 The enthalpy
Page 54 and 55: Page - 36 - CHAPTER 02 With: Heat l
Page 56 and 57: Page - 38 - CHAPTER 02 The so calle
Page 58 and 59: Page - 40 - CHAPTER 02 To further i
Page 60 and 61: Page - 42 - CHAPTER 02 2.2.2.2 Para
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e e Page - 44 - CHAPTER 02 The char
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Page - 46 - CHAPTER 02 and chapter
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Model for the dynamic parts of the
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- Absorber/Condenser Q g _ ac & & Q
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Page - 52 - CHAPTER 02 cross sectio
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Page - 54 - CHAPTER 02 conditions l
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With: tw,in tw,out twb Water inlet
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l min m& = m& a w = c ( h − h ) a
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Page - 60 - CHAPTER 02 If the cooli
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Page - 62 - CHAPTER 02 As already d
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Page - 64 - CHAPTER 02 only very fe
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Page - 66 - CHAPTER 02 rejection sy
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Page - 68 - CHAPTER 02 and the UA v
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Page - 70 - CHAPTER 02 different ve
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Page - 72 - CHAPTER 02 −4 −2 2
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Page - 74 - CHAPTER 02 Fig. 2-25: M
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Page - 76 - CHAPTER 02 difference i
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Page - 78 - CHAPTER 02 In this quit
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- Absorbed solar energy Gt , a t a
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CHAPTER 02 Page - 82 - a b a r a a
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Page - 84 - CHAPTER 02 The area rel
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Page - 86 - CHAPTER 03 conditions.
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Page - 88 - CHAPTER 03 was calculat
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Page - 90 - CHAPTER 03 The same bui
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Page - 92 - CHAPTER 03 The specific
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Cooling / Heating power / kW 50 40
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Page - 96 - CHAPTER 03 As visible f
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3.4.2 SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEM MODELS P
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Page - 100 - CHAPTER 03 generator i
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m² kW-1 m² kW-1 Page - 102 - CHAP
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Page - 104 - CHAPTER 03 Fig. 3-16:
Page 124 and 125:
Page - 106 - CHAPTER 03 m 2 kW -1 s
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a f N d ( 1 + d ) ( 1 + d ) − 1 P
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Page - 112 - CHAPTER 03 costs Csola
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Page 134 and 135:
Page - 116 - CHAPTER 03 The total a
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Page - 118 - CHAPTER 04 4. Model Ba
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Page - 120 - CHAPTER 04 Germany. De
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Page - 122 - CHAPTER 04 Fig. 4-2: A
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Page - 124 - CHAPTER 04 4.3.2 SYSTE
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Page - 126 - CHAPTER 04 temperature
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Page - 128 - CHAPTER 04 System part
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Page - 130 - CHAPTER 04 performance
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Fig. 4-5: Measured and simulated pe
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Page - 134 - CHAPTER 04 An addition
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Fig. 4-6: Annual electricity consum
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Page - 138 - CHAPTER 04 The values
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Page - 140 - CHAPTER 04 EAW WERACAL
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4.4.6 CONCLUSIONS Page - 142 - CHAP
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Page - 144 - CHAPTER 04 4.5 Analysi
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4.5.2 SIMULATION MODEL AND VALIDATI
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Page - 148 - CHAPTER 04 the start u
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Table 4-4: Analysed storage charge
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4.5.5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.5.5.
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Page - 154 - CHAPTER 04 Although co
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Page - 156 - CHAPTER 04 At 09:10am
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Fig. 4-16: Detailed simulation resu
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Fig. 4-17: Detailed simulation resu
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Page - 162 - CHAPTER 04 The thermal
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Page - 164 - CHAPTER 04 Table 4-7:
Page 184 and 185:
4.5.6 CONCLUSIONS Page - 166 - CHAP
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Page - 168 - CHAPTER 04 considered
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Page - 170 - CHAPTER 05 5. MODEL BA
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Page - 172 - CHAPTER 05 optimised s
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Page - 174 - CHAPTER 05 The electri
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5.3.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE CONTROL SY
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Page - 180 - CHAPTER 05 The time se
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Page 202 and 203:
5.3.4 ROOM UTILISATION Page - 184 -
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P 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 ⎟ 1 1 ⎟ ⎛ n
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Page - 188 - CHAPTER 05 dehumidific
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Page - 190 - CHAPTER 05 The high ab
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5.4.3 RETURN AIR HUMIDIFIER Page -
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5.4.4 SUPPLY AIR HUMIDIFIER Page -
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Relative humidity / Error / % 120 1
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Fig. 5-22: Detailed view into the r
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Page - 202 - CHAPTER 05 simplificat
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Page - 204 - CHAPTER 05 The relativ
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Cooling power / kW . 14 12 10 8 6 4
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Page - 210 - CHAPTER 05 only slight
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t ⎛ ⎜ 1 u ( t ) = K p ⎜ e ( t
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5.6.2 PE-OPTIMISER (ONLINE TOOL) Pa
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Tr9, xr9 Fig. 5-30: System scheme w
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h h x s 3, max s 3, max max, s 3 =
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Page - 220 - CHAPTER 05 the supply
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Page - 222 - CHAPTER 05 humidificat
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Page - 224 - CHAPTER 05 case 4 the
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Page - 226 - CHAPTER 05 Case 4: Ele
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Page - 228 - CHAPTER 05 shows a sta
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Fig. 5-40: Distribution of the DEC
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Page - 232 - CHAPTER 05 the operati
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5.8.2 DETAILED PERFORMANCE COMPARIS
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Page - 236 - CHAPTER 05 The perform
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Page - 238 - CHAPTER 05 The advance
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Page - 240 - CHAPTER 05 regarded da
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Page - 242 - CHAPTER 05 After the b
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Page - 244 - CHAPTER 05 the DEC sys
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Page 266 and 267:
5.9 CONCLUSIONS Page - 248 - CHAPTE
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Page - 250 - CHAPTER 05 to compete
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6.1 SOLAR DRIVEN CLOSED ABSORPTION
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Page - 254 - CHAPTER 06 6.1.2 MODEL
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Page - 256 - CHAPTER 06 more coolin
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considered and compared: Page - 258
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7. CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK 7.1 SOLA
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Page - 262 - CHAPTER 07 Apart from
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Page - 264 - CHAPTER 07 7.2 PRIMARY
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Page - 266 - CHAPTER 07 therefore b
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REFERENCES Page - 268 - REFERENCES
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Page - 270 - REFERENCES Park, C., D
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OWN PUBLICATIONS Page - 272 - OWN P
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MODEL DEVELOPMENT 1. ABSORPTION CHI
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With these simplifications we get:
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− t + t E E 9 ⋅ K U Z + t U Z +
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4 4 ⎛ i ⎞ t LiBr ( X , p s ) =
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APPENDIX A: MODEL DEVELOPMENT Page
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C) Absorber/Condenser Q g _ ac & &
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Page - 292 - APPENDIX A: MODEL DEVE
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Page - 294 - APPENDIX A: MODEL DEVE
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Electric power [kW] 0,4 0,35 0,3 0,
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Water consumption [kg/h] 350 300 25
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Technical Data of the Axima Wet Coo
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5. SOLAR COLLECTORS APPENDIX B: SOL
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APPENDIX B: SOLAR COOLING SYSTEM 7.
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3. Cold Storage Tank APPENDIX B: SO
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Case 2: Full storage with bypass De
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APPENDIX C: OPTIMISED CONTROL SEQUE
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APPENDIX D: DETAILED SIMULATION RES
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Page 334 and 335:
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Module Number 20 2P100 21 2P100 22
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HVAC SYSTEMS - HFT Stuttgart

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