Facilitating LOS Debriefings: A Training Manual - Phoenix Aviation

✓ Avoid unwittingly hindering
crew participation.
✓ Don’t answer for the crew
when they don’t
immediately respond.
014 - LOS Debriefing Guide
Drawing Out an Entire Crew
Sometimes all or most of the crewmembers are unresponsive
and getting them to participate seems like pulling teeth. When this
happens, you should first review your own participation to ensure
that you are not unwittingly sending covert messages that
discourage crew participation. To instigate crew participation, it
may be helpful to start with the more junior members so they will
not be put in the position of potentially disagreeing with the CA
early in the session. The next section suggests specific ways to
stimulate participation when crews do not immediately respond.
Troubleshooting: When the Crew Does Not
Respond to Questions
If crewmembers do not immediately respond to questions, the
following techniques may be helpful in eliciting responses. Start
with the highest level of facilitation and progressively work down
only through the levels necessary so that facilitation stays at the
highest level possible.
High-Level Facilitation
✈ Use silence/pauses to elicit crew responses.
Pause at least three to four seconds after asking a question
rather than immediately answering for the crew. Most
crewmembers will feel motivated to say something to end the
uncomfortable silence (see the following section: Use of Silence).
Effective:
IP: Has there ever been a flight where errors didn’t occur?
CA: No.
IP: And what do we want to have happen when errors do
occur?
[IP waits 8 seconds,
CA: We want somebody to say something and correct the
error.
IP: Exactly.
Ineffective:
IP: Has there ever been a flight where errors didn’t occur?
CA: No.
IP: And what do we want to have happen when errors do
occur?
[IP becomes uncomfortable when crew doesn’t answer right
away and answers for them.]
IP: We want someone to notice that error, don’t we?
18