Facilitating LOS Debriefings: A Training Manual - Phoenix Aviation

Recommendations

Info

Part 4. The C-A-L Model in Action.................................................. 27 C: CRM – Applying the Company Model............................................................... 27 Focusing on CRM..................................................................................... 28 Reinforcing the Utilization of CRM through Crew Interaction................................... 30 A: Analysis and Evaluation of LOS Performance ...................................................... 31 Getting Crews to Evaluate Their Performance ..................................................... 31 Eliciting Deep Analysis ............................................................................... 33 L: Line Operations – Applying Lessons from LOS .................................................... 36 Get the Crew to Discuss Related Line Incidents ................................................... 36 Get the Crew to Discuss How to Apply Their Success to Line Operations..................... 36 Get the Crew to Discuss What They Would Do Differently...................................... 37 Get the Crew to Discuss How They Will Do Things Differently on the Line based on Their Experience in the LOS ......................................................................... 37 Appendix A. Organizing the Discussion: The C-A-L Model....................... 39 Appendix B. Guidelines for Facilitating LOS Debriefings ........................ 43 014 - LOS Debriefing Guide viii
Facilitating LOS Debriefings: A Training Manual Lori K. McDonnell 1 , Kimberly K. Jobe 1 , R. Key Dismukes 2 Ames Research Center SUMMARY This manual is a practical guide to help airline instructors effectively facilitate debriefings of Line Oriented Simulations (LOS). It is based on a recently completed study of Line Oriented Flight Training (LOFT) debriefings at several U.S. airlines. As a companion piece to the published report of that study (LOFT Debriefings: An Analysis of Instructor Techniques and Crew Participation, by R.K. Dismukes, K.K. Jobe, and L.K. McDonnell, NASA Technical Memorandum 110442, March 1997), this manual presents specific facilitation tools instructors can use to achieve debriefing objectives. The approach of the manual is to be flexible so it can be tailored to the individual needs of each airline. Part One clarifies the purpose and objectives of facilitation in the LOS setting. Part Two provides recommendations for clarifying roles and expectations and presents a model for organizing discussion. Part Three suggests techniques for eliciting active crew participation and in-depth analysis and evaluation. Finally, in Part Four, these techniques are organized according to the facilitation model. Examples of how to effectively use the techniques are provided throughout, including strategies to try when the debriefing objectives are not being fully achieved. 1 San Jose State University Foundation 2 NASA Ames Research Center Part 1. An Introduction to Facilitation ✓ Keep the discussion crew-centered. 014 - LOS Debriefing Guide How much crews learn in Line Oriented Simulations (LOS) and take back to the line hinges on the effectiveness of the LOS debriefing. The simulation itself is a busy and intense experience; thoughtful discussion afterwards is necessary so the crew can sort out and interpret what happened and why. As the instructor, you are expected to encourage the crewmembers to analyze their LOS performance on their own, rather than lecturing to them about what they did right and wrong. This “crew-centered” approach emphasizes self-discovery and self-critique. The crew-centered approach also draws upon the crew’s professional experience and motivation to perform well to enhance learning.
Page 1 and 2: NASA Technical Memorandum 112192 DO
Page 3 and 4: 014 - LOS Debriefing Guide Preface
Page 5: Table of Contents Preface..........
Page 9 and 10: Instruction vs. Facilitation ✓ En
Page 11 and 12: 014 - LOS Debriefing Guide analysis
Page 13 and 14: 014 - LOS Debriefing Guide objectiv
Page 15 and 16: Part 2. Getting Started Clarifying
Page 17 and 18: Debriefing Format ✓ Help the crew
Page 19 and 20: Part 3. Facilitation Techniques Que
Page 21 and 22: ✓ Ask questions that begin with w
Page 23 and 24: 014 - LOS Debriefing Guide Drawing
Page 25 and 26: 014 - LOS Debriefing Guide Intermed
Page 27 and 28: Use of Silence ✓ Use silence to e
Page 29 and 30: Active Listening 014 - LOS Debriefi
Page 31 and 32: 014 - LOS Debriefing Guide Techniqu
Page 33 and 34: Part 4. The C-A-L Model in Action T
Page 35 and 36: 014 - LOS Debriefing Guide ✈ Use
Page 37 and 38: ✈ Ask crewmembers to discuss what
Page 39 and 40: ✓ Encourage crew to discuss how t
Page 41 and 42: 014 - LOS Debriefing Guide When you
Page 43 and 44: 014 - LOS Debriefing Guide Get Crew
Page 45 and 46: Appendix A Organizing the Discussio
Page 47 and 48: Organizing the Discussion: The C-A-
Page 49 and 50: Appendix B Guidelines for Facilitat
Page 51 and 52: Guidelines for Facilitating LOS Deb

Facilitating LOS Debriefings: A Training Manual - Phoenix Aviation

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?