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➜ The Past (using “have”) Using “it” in the past I have prepared. J’ai préparé. I have prepared it. Je l’ai préparé. NOTE! Notice how, unlike in English, the “it” goes before “have” – not after it. For this, keep in mind the simple rule you learnt during the course: “have” always steals the pronouns and places them directly in front of itself. (Pronouns are little words like it, me, you, us, him, her, them.) You have prepared. Vous avez préparé. You prepared it. Vous l’avez préparé. We have prepared it. Nous l’avons préparé. to buy acheter bought acheté We have bought it. Nous l’avons acheté. He has bought it. Il l’a acheté. to understand comprendre understood compris He has understood it. Il l’a compris. She has understood it. Elle l’a compris. You have understood it. (inf.) ➜1 Tu l’as compris. to eat manger eaten mangé They have eaten it. Ils l’ont mangé. They have eaten it. (female group) Elles l’ont mangé. JARGON BUSTER 1 Inf. = informal (referring here to the tu form of address used when talking to family, close friends and children). 16
Using “some/any” in the past I have eaten it. Je l’ai mangé. some / some of it / any / any of it en I have eaten some of it. J’en ai mangé. to fi nd trouver found trouvé They have found it. Ils l’ont trouvé. They have found some of it. Ils en ont trouvé. He has found some of it. Il en a trouvé. She has found some of it. Elle en a trouvé. You have found some of it. (inf.) Tu en as trouvé. You have found some of it. Vous en avez trouvé. Have you found some of it? Est-ce que vous en avez trouvé? Using negatives in the past The Past (using “have”) I have J’ai I have prepared. J’ai préparé. I have prepared it. Je l’ai préparé. I haven’t prepared it. Je ne l’ai pas préparé. I didn’t prepare it. Je ne l’ai pas préparé. You haven’t prepared it. Vous ne l’avez pas préparé. You didn’t prepare it. Vous ne l’avez pas préparé. You didn’t prepare any (of it). Vous n’en avez pas préparé. You didn’t fi nd it. Vous ne l’avez pas trouvé. We didn’t fi nd it. Nous ne l’avons pas trouvé. We didn’t fi nd any (of it). Nous n’en avons pas trouvé. to buy acheter bought acheté We didn’t buy it. Nous ne l’avons pas acheté. to sell vendre sold vendu We didn’t sell it. Nous ne l’avons pas vendu. to see voir 17
Page 2 and 3: Collins French with Paul Noble Harp
Page 4 and 5: 4 Seeing a doctor 48 Finding a camp
Page 6 and 7: The Paul Noble Method As you learn
Page 8 and 9: Creating French words Use these con
Page 10 and 11: Core course review The best way to
Page 12 and 13: The Past (using “have”) Now, cu
Page 14 and 15: The Past (using “have”) Asking
Page 18 and 19: The Past (using “have”) seen vu
Page 20 and 21: ➜ ➜ The Past (using “to be”
Page 22 and 23: The Past (using “to be”) I have
Page 24 and 25: The Present I would like to prepare
Page 26 and 27: The Present He cannot go there this
Page 28 and 29: The Present The present tense witho
Page 30 and 31: The Present For we think / we are t
Page 32 and 33: The future Using “going to” /
Page 34 and 35: The Future “To leave” is partir
Page 36 and 37: The Future Let’s try it with anot
Page 38 and 39: Travelling in France: At the Hotel
Page 40 and 41: Travelling in France: Eating Out Yo
Page 42 and 43: Travelling in France: Taking a Trai
Page 44 and 45: Travelling in France: A Brief Encou
Page 46 and 47: Travelling in France: Shopping at t
Page 48 and 49: Travelling in France: Seeing a Doct
Page 50 and 51: Travelling in France: Finding a Cam
Page 52 and 53: Travelling in France: Taking a Bus
Page 54 and 55: Essential verbs: a snapshot I go /
Page 56 and 57: Essential Verbs 56 I can je peux he
Page 58 and 59: Numbers 60 soixante 61 soixante et
Page 60 and 61: The alphabet You can listen to the
Page 62 and 63: CD track listing 62 CD 1 Track Topi
Page 64 and 65: CD Track Listing 64 CD 3 Track Topi
Page 66 and 67:
CD Track Listing CD 5 Track Topic K
Page 68 and 69:
CD Track Listing 68 CD 7 Track Topi
Page 70 and 71:
CD Track Listing CD 9 Track Topic K
Page 72 and 73:
CD Track Listing Review CD 1 72 Tra
Page 80:
HarperCollins Publishers 77-85 Fulh
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