tHe War on MariJUana in BlacK anD WHite

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California Racial disparities in Marijuana possession Arrest Rates* San Francisco Marin Lake Sacramento Kern Los Angeles San Diego Orange Riverside San Bernardino Santa Clara Alameda Sacramento Contra Costa ARREST RATES Fresno 500 400 300 200 100 0 Counties with the largest disparities Population size >30,000, Black population >2% 148 44 53 365 White arrest rate Black arrest rate 99 97 99 144 123 121 124 153 164 167 148 156 336 161 146 192 222 343 240 263 253 138 356 315 140 370 370 356 400 414 Times more likely Blacks arrested 4.3x 4.1 x 3.8x 3.7 x 3.4x 2.6x 2.6x 1.8 x 2.6x 2.1 x 2.6x 1.3 x 3.7x 2.8x 2.6x 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 151 433 405 479 169 507 456 579 181 474 612 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Counties with the largest population Includes all counties, listed in order of size 0 100 100 200 200 300 300 400 500 600 700 Statewide marijuana possession arrest rates 2001-2010 Source: FBI / Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data and U.S. Census Data *All arrest rates are per 100,000 and based on 2010 data 621 185 448 171 374 Blacks are 2.2 times more likely than whites to be arrested for marijuana possession Arrest Rates BLACK 374 WHITE 171 All counties with racial disparities above the national average (3.73) Cost Money spent enforcing marijuana possession laws in 2010 : $ 490,966,080 drug Arrests by Offense in 2010 Marijuana Marijuana possession All other possession % drug All other offenses 22.9 6,310 drug 7,365 offenses 77.1 % 22.9% 77.1% Appendix B | 139
Colorado Racial disparities in Marijuana possession Arrest Rates* Arapahoe El Paso Pueblo Adams El Paso Denver Arapahoe Jefferson Adams ARREST RATES 800 600 400 200 0 Counties with the largest disparities Population size >30,000, Black population >2% 17 27 232 692 White arrest rate Black arrest rate 146 209 191 653 214 693 225 407 618 435 226 656 535 Times more likely Blacks arrested 3.2x 2.8x 1.6x 1.2x 2.8x 0.5x 3.2x 3.3x 1.2 x 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 228 611 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 Counties with the largest population Includes all counties, listed in order of size 71 146 152 191 276 407 435 535 611 458 243 461 235 451 912 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 Statewide marijuana possession arrest rates 2001-2010 Source: FBI / Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data and U.S. Census Data *All arrest rates are per 100,000 and based on 2010 data 140 | The <strong>War</strong> on Marijuana in Black and White 223 402 213 397 Blacks are 1.9 times more likely than whites to be arrested for marijuana possession Arrest Rates BLACK 397 WHITE 213 All counties with racial disparities above the national average (3.73) Cost Money spent enforcing marijuana possession laws in 2010 : $ 37,706,564 drug Arrests by Offense in 2010 Marijuana possession 60.7 % All other drug offenses 39.3 %
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June 2013 tHe <str
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TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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VII. RECoMMEndATIonS ..............
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has been a fiscal fiasco. The taxpa
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I. InTRodUCTIon Over the past 40 ye
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combined — or one every 37 second
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use been treated as a public health
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prevention, as well as general fund
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arrests account for less than 80% o
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FIndIng #2 Extreme Racial dispariti
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• Of marijuana possession arrests
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• Racial disparities in marijuana
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correctional facilities for possess
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much public transportation, so not
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PROFILE Alfredo Carrasquillo, 29 Ne
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III. METhodologY This report relies
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The NSDUH survey is the primary sou
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a portion, if not a significant num
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to be equal to one. If the coverage
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FIGURE2 NumberofArrestsforMarijuana
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ii. State data There were 784,021 a
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The national marijuana possession a
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iii. County data Cook County, IL (i
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The counties with the largest incre
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B. Significant Racial disparities E
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TABLE 6 States with Largest Racial
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This startling statistic is illustr
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The states that made the highest nu
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Indeed, examining the state-by-stat
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Figure 14 shows the counties with t
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As Table 10 shows, significant arre
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FIGURE17 LargestRacialDisparitiesin
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In the 15 counties with the highest
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Turning to the 15 counties with the
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FIGURE22 MarijuanaUseAmong18-to25-Y
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expenditures, where these expenditu
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particular, using a modified propor
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of both defense and prosecution, as
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The Low Estimate represents, in our
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TABLE 13 Annual Fiscal Cost of Mari
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or Illinois, because the District o
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All told, Mr. Smith has spent almos
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Ms. Garcia feels that because she d
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VI. ThE RISE In MARIjUAnA PoSSESSIo
Page 89 and 90: The 1970 Act also established the N
Page 91 and 92: someone convicted of possessing wit
Page 93 and 94: the criminal justice system and ins
Page 95 and 96: number of street stops, frisks, and
Page 97 and 98: particularly pronounced, over the p
Page 99 and 100: There are other policing models —
Page 101 and 102: than the longer, intensive investig
Page 103 and 104: (JAG) program. Established in 1988,
Page 105 and 106: [The commander] ... regularly exhor
Page 107 and 108: PROFILE SAM Court A Pilot Marijuana
Page 109 and 110: You’re also given a second subpoe
Page 111 and 112: to come up with the $300 bail. With
Page 113 and 114: The legalization of marijuana will
Page 115 and 116: y removing all criminal and civil p
Page 117 and 118: Third, individuals who are unable t
Page 119 and 120: Racial profiling can lead to the ag
Page 121 and 122: if the person subject to the search
Page 123 and 124: vi. Police Should Increase data Col
Page 125 and 126: VIII. ConClUSIon Like America’s l
Page 127 and 128: FIGUREA3 Black/WhiteDisparityin25Hi
Page 129 and 130: TABLE A2 Percentage of All Marijuan
Page 131 and 132: TABLE A4 Percent Change in Marijuan
Page 133 and 134: TABLE A6 Percent Change in Racial D
Page 135 and 136: Appendix B Analysis by State Append
Page 137 and 138: Alaska Racial disparities in Mariju
Page 139: Arkansas Racial disparities in Mari
Page 143 and 144: delaware Racial disparities in Mari
Page 145 and 146: Florida Racial disparities in Marij
Page 147 and 148: Hawaii Racial disparities in Mariju
Page 149 and 150: illinois Racial disparities in Mari
Page 151 and 152: iowa Racial disparities in Marijuan
Page 153 and 154: Kentucky Racial disparities in Mari
Page 155 and 156: Maine Racial disparities in Marijua
Page 157 and 158: Massachusetts Blacks Racial dispari
Page 159 and 160: Minnesota Racial disparities in Mar
Page 161 and 162: Missouri Racial disparities in Mari
Page 163 and 164: nebraska Racial disparities in Mari
Page 165 and 166: new Hampshire Blacks Racial dispari
Page 167 and 168: new Mexico Racial disparities in Ma
Page 169 and 170: north Carolina Racial disparities i
Page 171 and 172: Ohio Racial disparities in Marijuan
Page 173 and 174: Oregon Racial disparities in Mariju
Page 175 and 176: Rhode island Racial disparities in
Page 177 and 178: South dakota Racial disparities in
Page 179 and 180: Texas Racial disparities in Marijua
Page 181 and 182: Vermont Racial disparities in Marij
Page 183 and 184: Washington Racial disparities in Ma
Page 185 and 186: Wisconsin Racial disparities in Mar
Page 187: THE WAR ON MARIJUANA IN BLACK AND W
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tHe War on MariJUana in BlacK anD WHite

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