64 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY FIGURE 25.—Western <strong>Pyrgulopsis</strong>: a-c, P. simplex, USNM 847236 (a, shell, 2.3 mm; b,c, opercula, bars = 0.23 nun, 0.27 mm); d-f, P. sola, USNM 850290 (d, shell, 1.7 mm; e,f, opercula, bars = 0.22 mm, 0.25 mm); g-i, P. steamsiana, USNM 873366 (#, shell, 2.9 mm; hj, opercula, bars = 0.39 mm. 0.34 mm).
NUMBER 554 65 <strong>Pyrgulopsis</strong> simplex Hershler, 1988 Pyrgidopsis simplex Hershler in Hershler and Landye, 1988:32, figs. 21g-j, 26b, 27, 28.—USDI, 1991b:58822. DIAGNOSIS.—Shell ovate-conic, medium-sized, umbilicate. Penial filament medium length, lobe short. Penial ornament a variably shaped terminal gland. DESCRIPTION.—Shell (Figure 25a) ovate-conic; height, 2.0-2.5 mm; whorls, 3.5-4.25. Early protoconch finely punctate, later portion near smooth except for weak adapical spiral striae. Teleoconch whorls slightly convex, shouldered; sculpture <strong>of</strong> weak growth lines. Aperture usually separated from body whorl, sometimes narrowly adnate. Inner lip complete, thickened; columellar lip reflected. Outer lip slightly thinner, weakly prosocline. Umbilicus near absent to broadly rimate. Periostracum light brown. Operculum (Figure 25b,c) ovate, light amber, nucleus highly eccentric; dorsal surface smooth. Attachment scar margin slightly thickened along portion <strong>of</strong> inner edge; callus moderately developed. Central radular tooth (Figure Z9e) with moderately indented dorsal edge; tooth face near-square; lateral cusps, 4-5; central cusp pointed, narrow, slightly longer and broader than laterals; basal cusps, 1, medium-sized, with moderate dorsal support. Basal process narrow; basal sockets deep. Lateral margins thickened; neck moderate. Head-foot pale except for internal black pigment patch on sides <strong>of</strong> neck and (sometimes) black internal streak along inner edge <strong>of</strong> opercular lobe. Pallial ro<strong>of</strong> black; visceral coil black. Ctenidial filaments, 18, medium height and width. Osphradium centered slightly posterior to middle <strong>of</strong> ctenidial axis. Kidney opening white. Stomach caecum very small. Testis, 1.5 whorls, overlapping stomach to edge <strong>of</strong> style sac. Prostate gland small, ellipsoidal, with short pallial section; pallial vas deferens simple. Penis (Figure 50/) medium-sized; base elongate-rectangular, filament medium length, tapering; lobe short, slightly narrower than base. Terminal gland medium-sized, variably shaped, borne along distal edge <strong>of</strong> lobe (ventral surface). Filament dark. Ovary, 0.5 whorl, overlapping posterior stomach chamber. Pallial albumen gland short (24%). Capsule gland as long as albumen gland. Genital aperture a broad subterminal pore with short vestibule. Coiled oviduct a horizontal loop. Oviduct and bursal duct join just behind pallial wall. Bursa copulatrix ovoid, short (33%), medium width, with 45%-60% <strong>of</strong> length posterior to gland. Bursal duct medium width, shallowly embedded in albumen gland, about as long as bursa copulatrix. Seminal receptacle pouch-like, slender, short, overlapping anteriormost bursa copulatrix or proximal bursal duct TYPE LOCALITY.—Spring near Strawberry, Gila County, Arizona (T 12N, R 7E, SW1/4 sec. 22). Holotype, USNM 859049; paratypes, USNM 859050. DISTRIBUTION.—Springs along Fossil Creek, lower Verde River drainage. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—USNM 847236 (topotypes). <strong>Pyrgulopsis</strong> sola Hershler, 1988 <strong>Pyrgulopsis</strong> solus Hershler in Hershler and Landye, 1988:30, figs. 21d-f, 24, 25, 26a.—USDI, 1991b:58822. DIAGNOSIS.—Shell ovate-conic, small, weakly umbilicate. Penial filament medium length, lobe short, <strong>of</strong>ten bifurcate distally. Penial ornament a transverse, <strong>of</strong>ten fragmented terminal gland. DESCRIPTION.—Shell (Figure 25d) ovate-conic; height, 1.4-2.0 mm; whorls, 3.5-4.0. Early protoconch weakly punctate, later portion near-smooth. Teleoconch whorls moderately convex, <strong>of</strong>ten slightly shouldered; sculpture <strong>of</strong> moderate growth lines. Aperture usually slightly separated from body whorl, sometimes narrowly adnate. Inner lip complete, thickened; columellar lip strongly reflected. Outer lip thick, slightly prosocline. Umbilicus narrowly rimate or weakly perforate. Periostracum light amber. Operculum (Figure 25e,f) broadly ovate, amber, nucleus slightly eccentric; dorsal surface frilled. Attachment scar margin thickened all around, broadly so along inner edge; callus moderate. Central radular tooth (Figure 39/) with weak-moderately indented dorsal edge; tooth face square; lateral cusps, 6; central cusp pointed, narrow, slightly longer and wider than laterals; basal cusps, 1, small to medium-sized, with strong dorsal support. Basal process narrow; basal sockets deep. Lateral margins thickened; neck weak. Cephalic tentacles pale or with scattered light brown patches on proximal half. Snout pale to moderate brown. Foot pale. Opercular lobe darkly streaked along inner edge. Neck with light-dark internal gray-black pigment Pallial ro<strong>of</strong>, visceral coil moderate to (more commonly) dark brown-black. Ctenidial filaments, 15, medium height and width. Osphradium centered posterior to middle <strong>of</strong> ctenidial axis. Kidney opening slightly thickened. Stomach caecum medium-sized. Testis, 1.5 whorls, overlapping stomach to edge <strong>of</strong> style sac. Prostate gland with large (32%) pallial section; pallial vas deferens simple. Penis (Figure 50a) very small; filament medium length, narrow; lobe short, broad, <strong>of</strong>ten distally bifurcate. Terminal gland large, transverse, borne along distal edge <strong>of</strong> lobe (both surfaces), usually fragmented into two units. Filament dark. Ovary, 0.5-0.75 whorl, very slightly overlapping posterior stomach chamber. Pallial albumen gland short (23%). Capsule gland as long as albumen gland. Genital aperture a subterminal slit with very short vestibule. Coiled oviduct a weak horizontal kink followed by broad, horizontal loop slightly behind pallial wall. Oviduct and bursal duct join just behind pallial wall. Bursa copulatrix sub-globular, short (30%), narrow (37%), with 33%-50% <strong>of</strong> length posterior to gland Bursal duct medium width, about as long as bursa copulatrix, shallowly embedded in albumen gland proximally. Seminal receptacle
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A Review of the North American Fres
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Materi
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A Review of the North American Fres
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NUMBER 554 position of coiled ovidu
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NUMBER 554 field work and laborator
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NUMBER 554 FIGURE 2.—Morphology o
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NUMBER 554 Sr Ag Dsr FIGURE 4.—Di
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NUMBER 554 11 studied the anatomy o
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- Page 27 and 28: NUMBER 554 21 Pratt (1977) recorded
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- Page 75 and 76: NUMBER 554 69 DIAGNOSIS.—Shell ov
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NUMBER 554 115 gyrus, Gabbia, Hydro