A Review of the North American Freshwater Snail Genus Pyrgulopsis

More documents

Recommendations

Info

76 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY FIGURE 29.—Eastern Pyrgulopsis: a-c, P. lustrica (a. shell. USNM 622764,3.3 mm; b, c. opercula, FSM 22227. ban = 0.43 mm, 0.38 mm); d-f. P. ogmorphaphe (d. shell, FSM 22180.3.8 mm; e.f, opercula, FSM 146697. ban = 0.52 mm. 0.43 mm); g-i. P. olivacea (g. shell. ANSP 65466. 3.4 mm; hj. opercula, USNM 528038. bar = 0.38 mm).
NUMBER 554 77 2e). Visceral coil light to dark. Ctenidial filaments, 25, medium height and width. Osphradium centered from middle to within posterior half of ctenidial axis. Kidney with moderate-large bulge into pallial cavity. Hypobranchial gland well-developed, often with thickened amber portion near kidney. Stomach with small to mediumsized caecum. Testis, 1.5-2.0 whorls, overlapping stomach to edge of style sac. Prostate gland broad, with small-large pallial section (15%-25%); pallial vas deferens with proximal loop. Penis (Figure 52/) medium-sized; filament short, stubby, without taper, lobe shorter than filament, oblique. Terminal gland elongate, often transverse, borne along distal edge (both surfaces). Filament light to darkly pigmented internally. Female genitalia are shown in Figure 5c. Ovary, 0.5-1.0 whorl, overlapping posterior stomach chamber. Pallial albumen gland large (35%). Capsule gland longer than albumen gland, thickened. Genital aperture a sub-terminal slit with vestibule. Coiled oviduct a slight anterior bend followed by tall, narrow, vertical loop just behind pallial wall. Oviduct and bursal duct join well anterior to oviduct coil in front of pallial wall. Bursa copulatrix ovoid, medium length, broad (65%), with about half of length posterior to albumen gland. Bursal duct medium width, deeply embedded in albumen gland, about twice as long as bursa copulatrix. Seminal receptacle pouch-like, short, with very short duct, positioned lateral to proximal bursal duct along ventral edge of albumen gland. TYPE LOCALITY.—Pyrgulopsis lustrica: "New York to Illinois and Minnesota" (Pilsbry, 1890). The type is labeled Little Lakes (Wayne County), New York. Holotype, ANSP 284061; paratypes, ANSP 396955. Pyrgulopsis oneida: Lower South Bay, Oneida Lake, New York. Lectotype (Baker, 1964:175), ANSP 283876; paralectotypes, ANSP 317030, ANSP 396989. Pyrgulopsis gelida: Pleistocene, near Morris, Grundy County, Illinois. Holotype, UIMNH P926 (possibly lost); paratypes, UIMNH P927. Pyrgulopsis decepta: Silver Lake, Waukesha County, Wisconsin. Holotype, UIMNH Z22501; paratypes, UIMNH Z22502. Pyrgulopsis perlustrica: Michigan shore east of Sturgeon Bay, Door County, Wisconsin. Holotype, UIMNH Zl8365a (presumably lost; Franzen, 1956:22); paratypes, UIMNH Z18365a. DISTRIBUTION.—Great Lakes region, upper Mississippi River drainage and (rarely) Atlantic Coastal drainage, northeastern United States and southeastern Canada (Thompson, 1977, fig. 15). REMARKS.—This snail is distinguished from other eastern American forms by combination of simple, ovate-conic shell; small caecal chamber of stomach, and strongly oblique penial lobe. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—FSM 22227, Midland, Clarke County, Ohio. Pyrgulopsis ogmorphaphe (Thompson, 1977) Marstonia ogmorphaphe Thompson, 1977:120, figs. 4e, 9-11.—Butch, 1982:27, figs. 220, 252.—TUrgeon et al., 1988:61. Pyrgulopsis ogmorphaphe—-Hershler and Thompson, 1987:30. Pyrgulopsis ogmoraphe [sic].—USDI, 1991b:58822. DIAGNOSIS.—Shell ovate to narrowly conic, large, umbilicate. Penial filament short, stubby; penial lobe very short Penial ornament a transverse terminal gland. DESCRIPTION.—Shell (Figure 29d) ovate to narrowly conic; height, 4.0-5.1 mm; whorls, 5-6. Early protoconch moderately punctate adapically. Teleoconch whorls highly convex; sculpture of moderate growth lines. Aperture adnate to body whorl. Inner lip complete in larger specimens, thin; columellar lip slightly reflected. Outer lip slightly prosocline. Umbilicus narrowly perforate. Periostracum light brown. Operculum (Figure 29e,f) ovate, light amber, sometimes slightly indented along outer edge; nucleus highly eccentric; dorsal surface weakly frilled. Attachment scar margin very weakly thickened along inner edge (to nucleus); callus weak-absent Central radular tooth (Figure 42a) with moderately indented dorsal edge; lateral cusps, 2-3; central cusp rounded, considerably broader and longer than laterals; basal cusps, 1 (sometimes with weak suggestion of outer cusp), elongate, with weak dorsal support. Basal process medium width; basal sockets deep. Lateral margins thickened; neck weak-absent Cephalic tentacles, snout dark brown; dorsal tentacles with central unpigmented streak. Foot pigment light-moderate along anterior and posterior edges. Opercular lobe dark along sides and anterior edge. Neck usually pale. Pallial roof, visceral coil moderate to dark brown-black; mantle sometimes with two black streaks along sides of ctenidium. Ctenidial filaments, 25, tall, broad. Osphradium centered posterior to middle of ctenidial axis. Kidney opening undifferentiated. Stomach caecum very large (66% of width of posterior stomach), broadly triangular. Testis, 1.75 whorls, overlapping anterior stomach chamber to edge of style sac. Prostate gland bean-like, strongly reflexed, with large (39%) pallial section; pallial vas deferens with proximal kink. Penis (Figure 52g) large; filament short, stubby; lobe near-absent, consisting of a broad, hemispherical swelling. Terminal gland small, narrow, transverse, borne along distal edge (mostly on ventral surface). Filament dark. Ovary, 0.5 whorl, positioned behind stomach. Albumen gland with large (48%) pallial section. Capsule gland slightly longer than albumen gland. Genital aperture a terminal slit with vestibule. Coiled oviduct of 2 slightly overlapping horizontal loops just behind pallial wall. Oviduct and bursal duct join well anterior to pallial wall. Bursa copulatrix ovoid, medium length, broad (66%), with almost entire length (87%) posterior to gland. Bursal duct broad proximally, ventral edge embedded in albumen gland, about 1.5 times length of bursa copulatrix. Seminal receptacle sac-like, short, lateral to anteriormost bursa copulatrix or proximal bursal duct, positioned near ventral edge of albumen gland. TYPE LOCALITY.—Owen Springs, Sequatchie, Marion County, Tennessee. Holotype, FSM 22179; paratypes, FSM 22180.
Page 1 and 2:
A Review of the North American Fres
Page 3 and 4:
S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
Page 5 and 6:
Contents Page Introduction 1 Materi
Page 7 and 8:
A Review of the North American Fres
Page 9 and 10:
NUMBER 554 position of coiled ovidu
Page 11 and 12:
NUMBER 554 field work and laborator
Page 13 and 14:
NUMBER 554 FIGURE 2.—Morphology o
Page 15 and 16:
NUMBER 554 Sr Ag Dsr FIGURE 4.—Di
Page 17 and 18:
NUMBER 554 11 studied the anatomy o
Page 19 and 20:
NUMBER 554 13 contrasted the genus
Page 21 and 22:
NUMBER 554 15 FIGURE 7.—Western P
Page 23 and 24:
NUMBER 554 17 Pyrgulopsis amargosae
Page 25 and 26:
NUMBER 554 19 (in T 3S, R 22E, 25,0
Page 27 and 28:
NUMBER 554 21 Pratt (1977) recorded
Page 29 and 30:
NUMBER 554 23 DISTRIBUTION.—This
Page 31 and 32: NUMBER 554 25 nucleus slightly ecce
Page 33 and 34: NUMBER 554 27 FIGURE 11.—Western
Page 39 and 40: NUMBER 554 33 ornament an elongate,
Page 41 and 42: NUMBER 554 35 dium centered slightl
Page 43 and 44: NUMBER 554 FIGURE 15.—Western Pyr
Page 45 and 46: NUMBER 554 Pyrgulopsis glandulosa H
Page 47 and 48: NUMBER 554 41 visceral coil black.
Page 53 and 54: NUMBER 554 copulatrix. Seminal rece
Page 55 and 56: NUMBER 554 Pyrgulopsis merriami (Pi
Page 59 and 60: NUMBER 554 or lightly pigmented on
Page 61 and 62: NUMBER 554 weakly frilled. Attachme
Page 63 and 64: NUMBER 554 lake have not yielded li
Page 65 and 66: NUMBER 554 59 REMARKS.—The small
Page 69 and 70: NUMBER 554 63 units; Dg3 small (som
Page 71 and 72: NUMBER 554 65 Pyrgulopsis simplex H
Page 75 and 76: NUMBER 554 69 DIAGNOSIS.—Shell ov
Page 77 and 78: NUMBER 554 71 filament, extending s
Page 79 and 80: NUMBER 554 FIGURE 28.—Eastern Pyr
Page 81: NUMBER 554 75 medium length, obliqu
Page 85 and 86: NUMBER 554 FIGURE 30.—Eastern Pyr
Page 87 and 88: NUMBER 554 ANSP 61606; paralectotyp
Page 89 and 90: NUMBER 554 83 and southeastern Ariz
Page 91 and 92: Appendix 2 Fossil Species Described
Page 93 and 94: NUMBER 554 87 Pyrgulopsis bryantwal
Page 95 and 96: NUMBER 554 89 FIGURE 32.—Central
Page 97 and 98: NUMBER 554 FIGURE 34.—Central rad
Page 101 and 102: NUMBER 554 FIGURE 38.—Central rad
Page 107 and 108: NUMBER 554 FIGURE 44.—Penes of we
Page 115 and 116: NUMBER 554 FIGURE 52.—Penes of ea
Page 117 and 118: Abbott, R.T. 1948. A Potential Snai
Page 119 and 120: NUMBER 554 Society of Washington, 1
Page 121: NUMBER 554 115 gyrus, Gabbia, Hydro
show all

A Review of the North American Freshwater Snail Genus Pyrgulopsis

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?