THE MEDITERRANEAN LOWER CRETACEOUS

of microbreccias formed of crystalline shales. Packets of breccias and calcarenites
are found on top.
2. Marly-sandy or sandy flysch (Barremian). There also occur intercalations of
breccias, clayey limestones, coarse-grained sandstones and gritstones with fragments
of sericite shales and Triassic dolomites.
3. Sandstones (Aptian). At iheir base there are conglomerates with blocks of
Urgonian limestones with rudists and corals. To the south the sandstones pass into
conglomerates.
4. Marly-sandy flysch (Upper Aptian-Albian). Among this flysch there are
intercalations of coarse-grained sandstones and conglomerates with fragments of
reef limestones with rudists.
5. Polygenous conglomerates (Albian). These conglomerates are of the type
of Bucegi conglomerates, with many fragments of dark-grey Middle Triassic limestones.
In the Bucegi — Piatra Mare zone the Lower Cretaceous is represented by terrigenous
sediments (2000-2500 m) (Barremian-Albian). They are developed of
flysch facies, comprising in some places thick sandstone packets (Sinaia and the
eastern slope of Piatra Mare), conglomerates and calcareous breccias with inclusions
of Jurassic limestones (Moroieni — Sinaia). Thick wedges of Urgonian limestones
with rudists and Orbitolinidae (Furnica, St. Anna and Piatra Arse) are
connected with the conglomerates at Sinaia. Rare ammonites have been found in
the Cerpenisului valley — Deshayesites borovae; in Seacâ a Carai manului — Dufrenoya
furcata and Colombiceras subpeltoceratoides; in the Busteni — Leymeriella
sp. (aff. rev/7/').
In the upper reaches of Prahova river the marl-sandstone complex includes
in its upper part a thick packet of calcareous breccias and calcarenites. These sediments
are more extensively developed in the southern part of the Bucegi Massif,
whereas in the west they pass into marl-sandy flysch which directly overlies the
crystalline shales of the Leaota Massif.
Above the flysch sediments there is a sandstone-conglomerate unit of molasse
type (Middle Aptian-Upper Aptian), which is covered by Upper Albian marls and
sandstones.
A thick Lower Cretaceous complex (4000 m) is developed in the Zamura anticlinorium,
manifesting considerable variations in the thicknesses and in the facies.
The following succession is observed:
1. Sinaia Beds (Berriasian-Hauterivian). They are represented at their
base by schists and marls with rare intercalations of breccias and coloured shales
(•'Azuga" type) with diabases. In the middle part — calcareous sandstones with
rare "Azuga"-type intercalations and diabases, whereas in the upper part there are
marls with rare ammonites, sandstones, breccias and calcarenites.
2. Comsrnic Beds (Barremian-Lower Aptian). They are developed in the
southern part of the anticlinorium. Marls with ammonites are found in their lower
part. From these marls in the Doftana valley A v г a m (1976) has described an
extremely rich cephalopod association. The upper part is built predominantly of
sandy marls with intercalations of sandy limestones with Orbitolinidae.
3. Sandy flysch (Middle Aptian-Lower Aptian). In some places this flysch
directly overlies the Sinaia Beds. In some places massive sandstone packets, conglomerates,
calcareous breccias and lenses of reef limestones with rudists and Orbitolinidae
are developed.
4. Polygenous conglomerates (Middle Albian).
5. Clayey-sandy flysch with pelosiderites (Upper Albian).
In the zone of the upper internal nappe (Bratocea •— Ciucas — Zàganu — Teliu
— Bodoc) the Lower Cretaceous is represented by the Sinaia Beds (Valangi-
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