THE MEDITERRANEAN LOWER CRETACEOUS

Cerna and Coçustea there are Urgonian limestones. Romanian geologists date to
the Barremian and Aptian tuffite and andésite lava» with inclusions of Jurassic
limestones which are covered by Upper Cretaceous flysch. In the Turnu Severin
region the Barremian sediments are in facies of the Comarnic type.
In the Northern Apuseni the Barremian comprises part of the flysch among
which reef limestones are developed in some places. Sublittoral limestones, reef
limestones in some places, with marl and sandstone interbeds, are developed in the
south.
In the Soviet Carpathians the Barremian comprises the lower part of the Urgonian
complex.
In the Crimea the stage is usually represented by conglomerates and limestones
containing very varied fauna. Boreal species appear among the conglomerates. Everywhere
the Barremian facies are of neritic type, perhaps with the only exception
of the Theodosia region, where the lower part of a monotonous clayey formation
is dated to the Barremian, accepted earlier to be entirely Aptian.
The Barremian in Northwestern Caucasus is represented predominantly by terrigenous
sediments (sandstones and conglomerates), sandy-clayey sediments, claystones
with intercalations of sandstones (Fonar typ;), and on a more limited part —
by sideritic claystones.
The Barremian in Central Caucasus is represented predominantly by sandstones,
siltstones, oolitic and sandy limestones, and more rarely by claystones. These
sediments contain rich neritic fauna, whereas among the ammonites there are Boreal
species. In Ceceno-Ingusetia and Dagestan the Stage is connected with terrigenous-carbonate
sediments.
To the south of the Main Caucasian Ridge the Barremian is developed in cephalopod
facies, close to the Razgrad type in Bulgaria.
Terrigenous-carbonate sediments with intercalations of Urgonian limestones
are widespread in Caucasus Minor.
In Bulgaria the Barremian is represented by several facial types: Urgonian and
Paraurgonian, clayey-calcareous Razgrad neritic type (in Northeastern Bulgaria)
and clayey-calcareous Salas pelagic type (in Northwestern Bulgaria), and terrigenous.
The pelagic facies of the Barremian (Maiolica type) reaches in the south in the
Apennine Peninsula to the places south of Rome. Various neritic facies are developed
in the south.
The Barremian is not differentiated in Sicily, but its presence is probable in the
upper part of a bathyal formation. Predominantly Urgonian facies is developed in
Sardinia.
In the Sumadia zone and in Eastern Serbia the Barremian is represented by
varied facies: from bathyal to neritic of Urgonian type. Urgonian and Paraurgonian
sediments are very characteristic of the Dinariues.
In Albania the Barremian is connected with crystalline or breccia-like limestones.
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In Greece the identification of this Stage is difficult, but its presence is indisputable
in a number of zones where limestones with corals and algae are developed.
Clayey limestones and limestones with ammonites are known from Western Argolid.
In the Pind zone the stage is connected with a marly-sandy flysch among
which there are marls with radiolaria.
Urgonian limestones with intercalations of sandstones are developed in the Black
Sea coast of Turkey. Clayey and sandy limestones with Barremian ammonites are
widespread to the south of Zonguldak. Flysch sediments are developed south of Trabzon,
while in the Menderes Massif there are shales and limestones among which
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