THE MEDITERRANEAN LOWER CRETACEOUS

feature of the Hauterivian sections in Jura Mountains is that their lower part is
built of relatively deeper-sea marls in Spatangus facies with abundant fauna which,
however, is of the more shallow-water type compared with the Subalpine region.
Above them are the Neuchâtel zoogenic, oolitic and detritic limestones.
The Hauterivian Spa!angus- marls are widespread in the Paris Basin as well,
where Wealdian facies are only partially developed in the Hauterivian:
In the Swiss Alps the Hauterivian sediments are more varied compared with
the Berriasian-Valanginian deposits. The Spatangus marls of the French Subalps
pass in the Wildhorn nappe into a powerful formation of deep-sea clayey limestones.
In the Ultra-Helvetic nappe the Hauterivian comprises part of the so-called
Neocomian with cephalopods from the outer Fore-Alps.
In the Fore-Alpine nappes the Hauterivian comprises part of the complex of
shales and calcareous shales with aptychi, as well as part of the siliceous limestones
with radiolaria.
In the Eastern Alps the Hauterivian is represented by terrigenous-carbonate
sediments.
In the Moravizn-Silesifin Ecsliydy the Hauterivian is connected with the Hradiste
(Grodziszcze) Sandstone Formation, as well as with siderite-bearing argillites.
In the fiysch zone of the Polhh Carpathians the Hauterivian sediments are in
the same facies as in the Eeskydy, whereas in the Pieniny zone deeper-sea sediments
are developed: limestones with flint and shale interbeds.
In the Eastern Romanian Carpathians the Hauterivian is represented in varied
facies: marls with cephalopods in the Persani zone, sublithographic and clayey limestones
with flintstone in Dîrnbovicioara, Sinaia-type terrigenous-carbonate beds
in Baraolt, Zamura and the inner nappes. In the shales zone the Hauterivian comprises
part of the sphaerosiderite complex.
In the Southern Carpathians (Resita zone) the Hauterivian is built of shaly
marls which are poor in fossils. Sublithographic limestones with cherty concretions,
analogous to the Salas facies, are developed in the Svinita zone.
Very varied, but almost exclusively neritic are the Hauterivian sediments in
the Crimea, where they are more widespread compared with the Berriasian-Valanginian
deposits. They are absent in the valleys of Sarisu and Bodrak, as well as
in some other regions of Northern Crimea.
' Claystones with aptychi are developed in Eastern Crimea in the Theodosia region.
Packets of sandstones appear among them in the west, towards the rivers
Kucuk-Karas and Tonas. Along the rivers Burulca and Besterek the Hauterivian
is represented by sandstones, conglomerates and claystones with rare ammonites,
as well as by sandstones in the upper part of the section in Besterek. Conglomerates
and sandstones are distributed in the valleys of Kaca and Belbek rivers, in some
places also claystones containing rich and predominantly neritic fauna.
The Hauterivian in Northwestern Caucasus comprises sideritic claystones, sandyclayey
sediments, sands, sandstones and conglomerates. A decrease of the clastic
material and deepening of the basin are observed from west to east.
In Central Caucasus the Hauterivian is represented by a monotonous formation
of siltstones and claystones with intercalations of limestones. Neritic faunas predominate
among these sediments. Ammonites occur rarely.
In the east, in Dagestan, the Hauterivian is built of sandy-clayey sediments,
zoogenic, oolitic and oôlitic-detritic limestones. In the western part of Dagestan and
in Ceceno-Ingusetia predominantly aleuritic and fine-grained sandstones are developed,
below which there are marls with intercalations of aleuritic claystones and
siltstones.
10 The Mediterranean Lower Cretaceous 145