Stabilisation of water-in-oil emulsions to improve - eTheses ...

4.5.1 Droplet Size Distribution measurement
Log-normal droplet (particle) size distributions are mathematically described as
follows:
1
σ√2π ,
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4.7
Where is the relative frequency of a droplet with a specific diameter, is the
droplet diameter, σ is standard deviation of the normal distribution plot,
Geometric median (mean) diameter ,; 50 % of droplets are smaller and 50 %
larger than this diameter, is the natural exponential function.
Note:
d50,0; 50% of the total number of droplets, have diameter at this size.
d50,3; 50% of the total volume of droplets, have diameter at this size.
d1,0; number-length mean (e.g. droplets measured via microscopy)
d2,0; number-surface area mean (based on surface area of droplets)
d3,0; number-volume or number-weight mean
d2,1; length-area mean
d3,1; length-volume mean
d3,2; surface area-volume mean or surface area moment mean – Sauter Mean
Diameter
d4,3; volume-mass mean or volume/mass moment mean – De Broukere Mean
Diameter