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Tax knowledge and tax compliance determinants in self assessment

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2.3.1 <strong>Tax</strong> education <strong>and</strong> <strong>tax</strong> <strong>knowledge</strong> 40<br />

2.3.2 Simplicity of the system 43<br />

2.3.3 <strong>Tax</strong> audits <strong>and</strong> audit probability 45<br />

2.3.4 F<strong>in</strong>e <strong>and</strong> penalties 47<br />

2.4 HOW SELF ASSESSMENT IS OPERATED IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES<br />

2.4.1 Developed countries<br />

a) United States 49<br />

b) United K<strong>in</strong>gdom 56<br />

c) Japan 67<br />

d) The Organisation for Economic Co-operation<br />

<strong>and</strong> Development (OECD) Countries as a Group<br />

2.4.2 Develop<strong>in</strong>g countries<br />

74<br />

a) Cambodia 83<br />

b) Sri Lanka 89<br />

c) Malaysia 95<br />

2.5 SELF ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS – AN INTERNATIONAL<br />

COMPARISON 97<br />

2.5.1 General <strong>tax</strong> adm<strong>in</strong>istration 97<br />

2.5.2 Registered <strong>tax</strong>payers 100<br />

2.5.3 Unpaid <strong>tax</strong>es 101<br />

2.5.4 Efficiency <strong>and</strong> adm<strong>in</strong>istrative costs 102<br />

2.5.5 Measures to promote <strong>compliance</strong> 104<br />

2.5.5.1 Enforcement <strong>and</strong> penalties 104<br />

2.5.5.2 <strong>Tax</strong> audits 107<br />

2.5.5.3 Electronic fil<strong>in</strong>g 109<br />

vii

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