Te Māoritanga WELLBEING AND IDENTITY Kapa Haka as a Vehicle

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All of the above led me to arrive at a few questions and assumptions about; what it meant to be Māori, how my has identity has been shaped as a Māori person, what kapa haka is, and where do its origins lie, what part has Matauranga Māori, and the acquisition of Matauranga Māori played in this process, what medium this knowledge is best learnt in, what it means to be ‘healthy’ as a Māori person, and what kapa haka can offer in other settings to benefit people? All of these can’t possibly be answered here, but are addressed in this dissertation. Therefore in this study I intend to investigate the potential of kapa haka as a vehicle in the shaping of identity, and promotion of ‘health’ for Māori – According to what both of these things mean for Māori yesterday, today and tomorrow. Whaia te Iti Kahurangi, ki te tūohu koe me he maunga teitei …. Reach for the highest peak, if you bow, lest it be to a loftier mountain… 1.2. Organisation of thesis This research study is based in two research paradigms; Te Ao Māori and Te Ao Mārama. This is to deliniate between the contemporary Māori world of research and its position in the socio-political context it operates, and traditional Māori knowledge that has its own processes. The intention is that both are valued in this research study. Chapter two begins with an examination of the literature about Māori health and identity. An overview of Māori health status and hauora Māori will then be presented, with a critique of Māori health promotion outlined in Chapter three. In chapter four, kapa haka in contemporary and traditional forms will be presented. Chapter five will outline both paradigms used in this study, as well as the methodologies employed. Chapter six then describes the methods used under both of these paradigms. The findings and results of the study are outlined in chapter seven, with both analytical processes of Kaupapa Māori analysis and wānanga bearing relevance on the findings. The relevance of these findings to kapa haka and Māori health promotion will be outlined in chapter eight, and chapter nine draws conclusions from the research. 4
1.3. Key Assumption The major assumption that underpins this research is that Matauranga Māori is inherently legitimised. Therefore legitimisation of the existence of Māori knowledge is not argued in the research. Rather, the research will discuss the differences between Te Ao Māori and Te Ao Mārama as research paradigms, and uses both methodological approaches of Kaupapa Māori and Whakapapa/Whakaheke 9 , to emphasise the differences in method and outcome when approaching Māori research from these two distinct paradigms. 9 Whakapapa = Geneology, Whakaheke = Theogony 5
Page 1 and 2: Te Māoritanga WELLBEING AND IDENTI
Page 3 and 4: Takutaku Kura kura kura e Ka hiihir
Page 5 and 6: Dedication E tika ana ki a whakahok
Page 7 and 8: Abstract This dissertation is aimed
Page 9 and 10: TABLE OF CONTENTS Takutaku iii He M
Page 11: Chapter Eight Chapter Nine 7.9. Te
Page 14 and 15: 1.0. Introduction 1.1. Positioning
Page 18 and 19: 2.0. Māori Identity CHAPTER TWO Th
Page 20 and 21: attributes that contribute to ‘be
Page 22 and 23: 2.2. Māori health status Significa
Page 24 and 25: dental conditions, injuries, pneumo
Page 26 and 27: positive concept emphasising social
Page 28 and 29: for youth. This suggests that their
Page 30 and 31: “This chiefly language has its ow
Page 32 and 33: Royal (1998) gifts the following wh
Page 34 and 35: Table 4: Māori health promotion (R
Page 36 and 37: • access to social resources such
Page 38 and 39: Since its inception in 1999, Te Pae
Page 40 and 41: way of looking at heath (World Heal
Page 42 and 43: Concept The process of enabling peo
Page 44 and 45: of different facets of their lives.
Page 46 and 47: Although Waiata-a-ringa (action son
Page 48 and 49: Kapa haka and traditional Māori li
Page 50 and 51: of knowledge housed underneath diff
Page 52 and 53: een identified (Paenga, 2007), and
Page 54 and 55: • To Listen • Rhythm • Melody
Page 56 and 57: These techniques are relevant to ea
Page 58 and 59: influence, whilst preserving Kaupap
Page 60 and 61: eference for their research, and is
Page 62 and 63: “Defining kaupapa Māori research
Page 64 and 65: Kaupapa Māori framework”. As an
Page 66 and 67:
In this study, locating the phenome
Page 68 and 69:
5.7. Wānanga as analysis In this s
Page 70 and 71:
which Traditional Māori knowledge
Page 72 and 73:
sampling strategy consisted of both
Page 74 and 75:
judging kapa haka. She currently wo
Page 76 and 77:
and is therefore protected from tho
Page 78 and 79:
Table 7 - Taxonomy of Māori Resear
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7.0. Findings and discussion CHAPTE
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The delivery of kapa haka, accordin
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than aroha, aroha ki te tangata, an
Page 86 and 87:
7.4. Identity As previously mention
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“….they couldn’t keep in time
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What some may consider grotesque mo
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new dimension to, you know you can
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that’s not what they’re really
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“You know he’s not a drinker as
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willing Māori who want to do somet
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Role modelling behaviours that espo
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This section outlines the whakapapa
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7.8 Analysis of the Atua - Tūmatau
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Te Karere a Pūhoro “Te Pūtanga
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The Rongo-a-Marae is the masculine
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stages of Te Mahau-a Whiro, Tūmata
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The tutor explains and sets achieve
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here are dependant on the persons e
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weapon. In the context of kapa haka
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Pūkenga Skill Distention and manip
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8.0. Discussion - The Role of Healt
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whole ‘whakaeke’ or entry onto
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facilitation of Maori entry into th
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This research investigated the trad
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Whaarere whaarere whaarere Whaia te
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Cunningham, C. (2003) .Application
Page 132 and 133:
Specific Cultural Group such as Mao
Page 134 and 135:
New Zealand: Longman/Pearson Educat
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moves on: Aspects of Māoritanga. (
Page 138 and 139:
(1998). Forming a cultural identity
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GLOSSARY OF MAORI TERMS Āhei - Ong
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Te Reo Māori - The Māori language
Page 144 and 145:
Appendix B Consent Form Project tit
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Te Māoritanga WELLBEING AND IDENTITY Kapa Haka as a Vehicle

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