USNO Circular 179 - U.S. Naval Observatory

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84 REFERENCES Høg, E., Fabricius, C., Makarov, V. V., Urban, S., Corbin, T., Wycoff, G., Bastian, U., Schwekendiek, P., & Wicenec, A. 2000, A&A, 355, L27 . . . 26 Hughes, J. A., Smith, C. A., Kaplan, G. H., eds. 1991, IAU Colloq. 127, Reference Systems (Washington: USNO) . . . 23 IAU 1977, Proceedings of the Sixteenth General Assembly, Grenoble 1976, Trans. IAU, XVI B (Dordrecht: Reidel) (resolutions, pp. 31 ff.) IAU 1986, Proceedings of the Nineteenth General Assembly, Delhi 1985, Trans. IAU, XIX B (Dordrecht: Reidel) (resolutions, pp. 26 ff.) IAU 1990, Proceedings of the Twentieth General Assembly, Baltimore 1988, Trans. IAU, XX B (Dordrecht: Kluwer) (resolutions, pp. 51 ff.) IAU 1992, Proceedings of the Twenty-First General Assembly, Buenos Aires 1991, Trans. IAU, XXI B (Dordrecht: Kluwer) (resolutions, pp. 30 ff.) IAU 1996, Proceedings of the Twenty-Second General Assembly, The Hague 1994, Trans. IAU, XXII B (Dordrecht: Kluwer) (resolutions, pp. 24 ff.) IAU 1999, Proceedings of the Twenty-Third General Assembly, Kyoto 1997, Trans. IAU, XXIII B (Dordrecht: Kluwer) (resolutions, pp. 25 ff.) IAU 2001, Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth General Assembly, Manchester 2000, Trans. IAU, XXIV B (San Francisco: ASP) (resolutions, pp. 33 ff.) IERS Bulletin A (issued weekly), at URL 5 . . . 9, 16, 63 IERS Conventions (2003) — see McCarthy & Petit (2003) Irwin, A. W., & Fukushima, T. 1999, A&A, 348, 642 . . . 31 Jacobs, C. S., Lanyi, G. E., Naudet, C. J., Sovers, O. J., Zhang, L. D., Charlot, P., Gordon, D., & Ma, C. 2005, in IAU XXV Joint Discussion 16, The International Celestial Reference System: Maintenance and Future Realizations, ed. R. Gaume, D. D. McCarthy, & J. Souchay (Washington: USNO), 36 . . . 26 Johnston, K. J., McCarthy, D. D., Luzum, B. J., & Kaplan, G. H., eds. 2000, IAU Colloq. 180, Towards Models and Constants for Sub-Microarcsecond Astrometry (Washington: USNO) . . . 2 Kaplan, G. H., ed. 1982, The IAU Resolutions on Astronomical Constants, Time Scales, and the Fundamental Reference Frame, U.S. Naval Observatory Circular No. 163 (Washington: USNO) . . . 22 Kaplan, G. H. 1998, AJ, 115, 361 . . . 5 Kaplan, G. H. 2003, “Celestial Pole Offsets: Conversion from (dX,dY ) to (dψ,dɛ)”, unpublished technical note, at URL 16 . . . 49
REFERENCES 85 Kaplan, G. H. 2005, in IAU XXV Joint Discussion 16, The International Celestial Reference System: Maintenance and Future Realizations, ed. R. Gaume, D. D. McCarthy, & J. Souchay (Washington: USNO), 196 . . . 61 Kaplan, G. H., Hughes, J. A., Seidelmann, P. K., Smith, C. A., & Yallop, B. D. 1989, AJ, 97, 1197 . . . 41 Kinoshita, H. 1977, Celest. Mech., 15, 277 . . . 40 Klioner, S. A. 2003, AJ, 125, 1580 . . . 5, 6, 25, 41 Klioner, S. A. 2004, Phys. Rev. D, 69, No. 124001 . . . 6 Klioner, S. A. 2005, preprint astro-ph/0508292 . . . 32 Klioner, S. A., & Soffel, M. H. 2000, Phys. Rev. D, 62, No. 024019 . . . 6 Klioner, S. A., & Voinov, A. V. 1993, Phys. Rev. D, 48, 1451 . . . 6 Kopeikin, S. A., 1991, Manuscripta Geodaetica, 16, 301 . . . 6 Kopeikin, S., & Vlasov, I. 2004, Physics Reports, 400, 209 . . . 4, 6 Lambert, S., & Bizouard, C. 2002, A&A, 394, 317 . . . 64 Lieske, J. H., & Abalakin, V. K., eds. 1990, IAU Symp. 141, Inertial Coordinate System on the Sky (Dordrecht: Kluwer) . . . 23 Lieske, J., Lederle, T., Fricke, W., & Morando, B. 1977, A&A, 58, 1 . . . 38, 40 Ma, C., Arias, E. F., Eubanks, T. M., Fey, A. L., Gontier, A.-M., Jacobs, C. S., Sovers, O. J., Archinal, B. A., & Charlot, P. 1998, AJ, 116, 516 . . . 20, 38 Ma, C., & Feissel, M. 1997, Definition and Realization of the International Celestial Reference System by VLBI Astrometry of Extragalactic Objects, IERS Technical Note 23 (Paris: Obs. Paris) . . . 20, 24, 26 Mathews, P. M., Herring, T. A., & Buffet, B. A. 2002, J. Geophys. Res., 107, B4, ETG 3 (10.1029/2001JB000390) . . . 40, 88 McCarthy, D. D., & Petit, G., eds. 2003, IERS Conventions (2003), IERS Tech. Note 32 (Frankfurt: IERS Central Bureau), available at URL 3 . . . vi, viii, 17, 25, 28, 30, 42, 48, 59, 62, 63, 65 Mignard, F. 1997, in Proceedings of the ESA Symposium ‘Hipparcos — Venice ’97’, European Space Agency pub. SP-402, 5 . . . 24 Mignard, F., & Frœschlé, M. 2000, A&A, 354, 732 . . . 28 Moisson, X., & Bretagnon, P. 2001, Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron., 80, 205 . . . 9 Munk, W. H., & MacDonald, G. J. F. 1960, The Rotation of the Earth: A Geophysical Discussion (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press) . . . 36
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UNITED STATES NAVAL OBSERVATORY CIR
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ii 3.4.4 Relationship to Other Syst
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iv INTRODUCTION recommendations. Ma
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vi INTRODUCTION that are available
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A Few Words about Constants This ci
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Abbreviations and Symbols Frequentl
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xii ABBREVIATIONS & SYMBOLS s CIO l
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2 RELATIVITY In 1991, the IAU made
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4 RELATIVITY Geocentric Celestial R
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6 RELATIVITY 1.4 Concluding Remarks
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8 TIME SCALES star across a certain
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10 TIME SCALES were computed in a b
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14 TIME SCALES From the perspective
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16 TIME SCALES method and the time
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18 TIME SCALES through the local ge
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22 CELESTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM the i
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24 CELESTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM 3.4 I
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28 CELESTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM the p
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30 EPHEMERIDES DE200 nor DE405 have
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32 EPHEMERIDES scaling. LB = 1.550
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