Cassiinae pt 1 NY-Botanical_gardens_Vol. 35_1 - Copy.pdf - Antbase

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342 MEMOIRS OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN [VQL. 35 Senna birostris "var. controversa'' Irwin & Barneby, in sched., nom. nud. MorphologicaUy and geographicaUy intermediate between var. totorae and var. helveola, resembling the former in habit (but sometimes arborescent to 6 m) and in pubescence, and the latter in the androecium; lfts 8-12 pairs, ciliate on margins and midrib beneath, otherwise glabrous, the longer ones 13-21 x 5-8 mm, all veinless on upper face, dehcately penniveined beneath, the 5-7 pairs of camp todrome secondary veins immersed discolored; sepals well graduated, glabrous or almost so dorsally, the outer ones 2.5-4.3 mm, the inner 4.5-6.5 mm; petals up to 7-12.5 mm; filaments of 2 latero-abaxial stamens 3-6 mm, of the centric abaxial one 2.5-4.5 mm, the anthers of 2 latero-abaxial stamens 4-5.5 mm, ofthe centric one 3.5-4.8 mm; style 1.4-2.2 mm; ovules 20-28; stipe of pod ±5 mm, the linear body 11.5 x 0.9 cm, the seed locules 3.5^ mm long.—Collections: 5. Thickets in the monte formation, 2650-3500 m, on the sources of rios Montaro, Urubamba, Madre de Dios and Beni in s.-e. Peru (Huancavehca, Cuzco) and adjoining Bolivia (La Paz).—Fl. III-IV. The var. huancavensis occupies the geographic gap between var. totorae to the south and var. helveola to the northwest, differing from the former in the presence of a seventh functional stamen, a longer style, and a much longer pod; and from the latter in the shorter, externally glabrous or glabrescent calyx. The first collection of the variety, the widely distributed Mandon 751 which contains distracting fruiting fragments of the only superficially similar S. aymara, was cited by Bentham (1871, p. 540) as Cassia versicolor and has corrupted subse quent accounts of that species. During our preliminary studies of Senna we interpreted this Bolivian plant as undescribed, and unfortunately have annotated a number of sheets in various herbaria as "var. controversa.'' llOd. Senna birostris (Vogel) var. arequipensis (Vogel) Irwin & Barneby, stat. nov. Cassia arequipensis Vogel, Syn. Gen. Cass. 43. 1837.—"In Peru (v.s.s.fr. comm. a eel. Meyen)."—Holotypus, collected at Arequipa IV. 1831 by F. J. F. Meyen, fB = F Neg. 1648; no isotypus found. Cassia tarapacana Philippi, Cat. Praevius Pl. Itin. ad Tarapaca in Anal. Mus. Nac. Chile, seg. secc, Bot. 1891: 20. 1891.—"[CHILE: Tarapaca:] Inter Tarapaca oppidum et flumen Camarones crescit."—Holotypus, not seen; isotypi, fB = F Neg. 1648, K! Cassia arequipensis sensu Bentham, 1871, p. 539. Bushy shrubs 0.5-1.5 m, pUosulous throughout with spreading-incurved gray hairs 0.2-0.4(-0.5) mm, the paUid oUvaceous thick-textured lfts subconcolorous, equahy pubescent on both faces, the racemes forming a subcorymbose panicle; stipules Unear-attenuate, Unear or setiform 2.5-7.5 x 0.2-0.5 mm; lvs (4.5-)5.5-10 cm; petiolar gland either between or more often above first pair of lfts, sometimes displaced to the second pair; lfts 9-12(-14) pairs, on pulvinules 0.3-0.8(-l) mm, in outhne oblong-ovate- or obovate-elliptic, the longest (6-)7-13(-17) x 3-6 mm, 1.5-2.6(-3) times as long wide, veinless except for dorsaUy prominulous midrib; racemes (5-)7-20(-25)-fld; sepals not strongly graduated, fuscous or purpUsh ex cept for paUid margins, elliptic-obovate, the outer glabrous or dorsally puberulent 4.5-6(-7) mm, the inner glabrous 5.5-7.5(-8.5) mm; petals up to 11.5-14 x 6-10 mm; filaments of 2 latero-abaxial stamens 5-9 mm, of the centric abaxial one 2.5-4 mm, the anthers of the lateral ones (4.5-)5-6.8 mm, of the centric one plump but slightly shorter, 4-5 x 1-1.2 mm; ovary densely white-strigulose; style 2-2.7(-3.4) mm; ovules 8-16; stipe of pod 4-8 mm, the hnear-oblong straight body 4.5-9.5 X 0.8-1.3(-l.5) cm, the seminal locules 5-5.5 mm long.—Collections: 14.
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 343 Dry rocky hUlsides, banks of ravines, sometimes colonial along watercourses in alluvial gravels, ascending into the puno formation, 2200-3900 m, locaUy plen tiful on the w. slope of the Andes in s. Peru (Arequipa, presumably also Moque- qua and Tacna) and adjoining ChUe (n. Tarapaca).—Fl. irregularly through the year. The var. arequipensis is distinguished technicaUy from other varieties of S. birostris by the gray pUosulous vesture ofthe leaflets, which are at the same time relatively small, thick-textured, apparently veinless except for the dorsally prom inulous midrib, and borne on short pulvinules (0.3-0.8, rarely-1 mm), often ap pearing sessile against the rachis. It is obviously very closely related to the glabrate and less xeromorphic var. birostris, vicariant northward, mostly at lower elevations, along the Peruvian coast as far as La Libertad. This has a calyx of essentially the same size and proportions, the same long-stalked abaxial anthers, and the same (nearly always) broad and (always) long-stipitate pod; but green, thin-textured leaflets visibly penniveined dorsally. The also simUar var. helveola ofthe central Peruvian Andes has, with the same pod and androecium, ventrally glabrous, dorsally penniveined leaflets and strongly graduated sepals hairy on the back. The type-collection of Cassia tarapacana agrees in every detaU with some flowering specimens of var. arequipensis from Arequipa. llOe. Senna birostris (Vogel) var. helveola (Macbride) Irwin & Barneby, stat. nov. Cassia helveola Macbride, Field Mus., Bot. 8(2): 91. 1930.— "Peru: Yanahuanca, Dept. of Huanuco [really Dept. of Pasco, prov. Daniel Carrion], June 16-22, 1922, Macbride & Featherstone 1183 . . ."—Holotypus, F! = F Neg. 53096; of 2 paratypi cited, Macbride & Featherstone 2526 is conspecific, but Weberbauer 7608 = var. huancavensis. Cassia helveola sensu Macbride, Field Mus., Bot. 13, pt. 2(1): 167. 1943, var. exclus. Shrubs 1.5-3 m, the young branchlets, h-stalks and inflorescence densely pi losulous or loosely strigulose with sordid or lutescent hairs to 0.2-0.45(-0.6) mm, even the fl-buds silky-pUosulous and the young pod puberulent; stipules 4-6.5 X 0.8-1.5 mm, densely pubescent dorsaUy; lvs (5-)6-13 cm; lfts (9-)10-14(-16) pairs, ovate-oblong to narrowly oblong-elliptic, the longest 13-26 X 5-8 mm, (1.9-)2-3.6 times as long as wide, glabrous ventraUy, densely pUosulous dorsally, the venation as in var. birostris; racemes (7-)9-35-fld, corym biform at anthesis; sepals pUosulous dorsaUy except toward margins, strongly graduated, the outer 3.5-5 mm, the inner 7.5-10.5 mm; petals 11.5-16 mm; fila ments of 2 long abaxial stamens 5-8 mm, the anthers as in var. birostris; ovary densely pUosulous; style 1.8-2.3 mm; stipe of (little known) pod ±5-7 mm, the broadly hnear body ±9x1 cm.—Collections: 12. Rocky and brushy hiUsides, river banks and gravels, sometimes on roadside cuttings, 2300-3250 m, locally plentiful in the Andes of n.-centr. Peru, from the sources of Rio Huallaga in Pasco and Huanuco n.-e., high on Pacific slope, through Ancash into La Libertad (Otusco).—Fl. I-IV. Comments on the close relationship within its species and on differential char acters of var. helveola wiU be found under the vicariant vars. arequipensis and birostris. Care must be taken to distinguish h from sympatric and superficiaUy simUar S. versicolor, different at anthesis in having leaflets paler or brighter green above than beneath (contrary to the rule in Senna), in the broader (mostly 1.5-6, not 0.8-1.5 mm), more persistent stipules and in the slightly longer (11.5-16, not
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•'•mmmmmmfii^'''- '->mmmmmmmm^'
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ADVISORY BOARD MEMOIRS OF THE N E W
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This material is based upon researc
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IV FOREWORD In looking back over th
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DECEMBER 1982 MEMOIRS OF THE NEW YO
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1982] CASSIINAE—INTRODUCTION 1. F
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA Fig. 1. An
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA commonly m
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA C. fistula
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 11 sulcate
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 13 i. ser.
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 15 1.3-2.8
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 17 modific
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 19 and is
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 21 Adult l
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 23 Fig. 3.
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 25 cm, the
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 31 exactly
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 33 bowl-sh
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 35 s.-e. V
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 39 like) a
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 41 sometim
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 43 sylvis:
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 45 Lvs 13-
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 49 f produ
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 51 garden
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 53 Klug, G
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 55 Cassia
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 57 Not see
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 59 Cassia
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 61 Opposit
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1982] CASSIINAE—CASSIA 63 of leaf
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 65 neglecta
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 67 Pubescen
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 69 tionary
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 71 zygomorp
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 73 apical s
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 75 alternat
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 77 our clas
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 79 pressed
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 81 technica
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 83 parallel
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 85 18. Pod
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 87 3. Senna
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 89 tertiary
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 91 never so
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 93 3d. Senn
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 95 broad ma
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 97 with ran
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 99 ed. 2, 1
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 101 duction
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 103 broadsi
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 105 4. Blad
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 107 many-fl
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 109 neighbo
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 111 through
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 113 a multi
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 115 Vesture
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 117 those o
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 119 obhquel
Page 131 and 132:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 121 Chamaef
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 123 3 abaxi
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 125 little
Page 137 and 138:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 127 biseria
Page 139 and 140:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 129 Trees o
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 131 Lf-rach
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 133 Strongl
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 135 interca
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 137 cium it
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 139 atively
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 141 pus, da
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 143 affinit
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 145 quangul
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 147 . . ."
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 149 pair of
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 151 Amply l
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 153 of the
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 155 Hithert
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 157 27. Sen
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 159 persal
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 161 Weak di
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 163 ovary d
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 165 Lvs 4-5
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 167 Pod pen
Page 179 and 180:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 169 Fig. 16
Page 181 and 182:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 171 coriace
Page 183 and 184:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 173 petiole
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 175 ±3.5-8
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 177 a membe
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 181 hkewise
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 183 leaflet
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 185 present
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 187 42f. Se
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 189 Lvs bel
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 191 or acut
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 193 Stipule
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 195 leafles
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1^^^] CASSIINAE—SENNA 197 In and
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 199 parenri
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 201 r^jCico
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 207 Chamaef
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 209 dackU i
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 215 Araguai
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 217 Racemes
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 219 broader
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 223 Pohl."
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1^^2] CASSIINAE—SENNA 225 between
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 227 sometim
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 229 sometim
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 231 the hor
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 233 paratyp
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 237 tiary c
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 239 2.5-9(-
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 243 Cuba; d
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 245 the ste
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 247 in outh
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 249 "In Bra
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 251 the lon
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 253 fainriy
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 255 is not
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 257 70b. Se
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 259 racemes
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1982] CASSUNAE—senna 261 other co
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 263 largely
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 267 sides t
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 269 found,
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 271 cordate
Page 283 and 284:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 273 and hya
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 275 Key to
Page 287 and 288:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 277 Peduncl
Page 289 and 290:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 279 margine
Page 291 and 292:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 281 Sandy b
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1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 283 cm, at
Page 295 and 296:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 285 like th
Page 297 and 298:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 287 Stipule
Page 299 and 300:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 289 not con
Page 301 and 302: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 291 almost
Page 303 and 304: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 293 filamen
Page 305 and 306: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 295 2. Lfts
Page 307 and 308: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 297 2. Fls
Page 309 and 310: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 299 Main ca
Page 311 and 312: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 301 93. Sen
Page 313 and 314: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 303 a trifl
Page 315 and 316: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 305 sentiaU
Page 317 and 318: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 307 PUosulo
Page 319 and 320: 1982] CASSUNAE—senna 309 stamens,
Page 321 and 322: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 311 of 3 ab
Page 323 and 324: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 313 Stipule
Page 325 and 326: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 315 Pubesce
Page 329 and 330: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 319 ovate,
Page 331 and 332: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 321 Fig. 25
Page 333 and 334: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 323 buds su
Page 335 and 336: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 325 orbata
Page 337 and 338: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 327 glabrou
Page 339 and 340: 1982] CASSUNAE—senna 329 nation o
Page 341 and 342: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 331 varying
Page 343 and 344: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 333 seldom
Page 345 and 346: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 335 to and
Page 347 and 348: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 337 Charact
Page 349 and 350: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 339 Key to
Page 351: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 341 Fig. 26
Page 355 and 356: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 345 llOg. S
Page 357 and 358: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 347 exempli
Page 359 and 360: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 349 17. Lft
Page 361 and 362: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 351 (3-)4-6
Page 363 and 364: 1982] CASSUNAE—senna 353 a photog
Page 365 and 366: 1982] CASSUNAE—senna 355 the pedu
Page 367 and 368: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 357 filifor
Page 369 and 370: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 359 Stamens
Page 371 and 372: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 361 Pods "o
Page 373 and 374: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 363 obtuse
Page 375 and 376: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 365 the vex
Page 377 and 378: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 367 Racemes
Page 381 and 382: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 371 cm, the
Page 383 and 384: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 373 Pod pen
Page 387 and 388: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 377 chilens
Page 389 and 390: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 379 mm, the
Page 391 and 392: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 381 found t
Page 393 and 394: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 383 76 of c
Page 395 and 396: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 385 mostly
Page 397 and 398: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 387 replace
Page 399 and 400: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 389 eastern
Page 401 and 402: 1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 391 h is ju
Page 403 and 404:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 393 in sylv
Page 405 and 406:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 395 Araguai
Page 407 and 408:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 397 or almo
Page 409 and 410:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 399 Pod ess
Page 411 and 412:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 401 only ±
Page 413 and 414:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 403 locaUy
Page 415 and 416:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 405 COLUTEO
Page 417 and 418:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 407 within
Page 419 and 420:
Page 421 and 422:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 411 but the
Page 423 and 424:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 413 interfo
Page 425 and 426:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 415 cm; bra
Page 427 and 428:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 417 -35) mm
Page 429 and 430:
1982] CASSUNAE—senna 419 mexicana
Page 431 and 432:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 421 places,
Page 433 and 434:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 423 Key to
Page 435 and 436:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 425 137d. S
Page 437 and 438:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 427 across
Page 439 and 440:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 429 6. Vena
Page 441 and 442:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 431 on the
Page 443 and 444:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 433 var. gl
Page 445 and 446:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 435 Caledon
Page 447 and 448:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 437 occiden
Page 449 and 450:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 439 piano-c
Page 451 and 452:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 441 Bot. 24
Page 453 and 454:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 443 valves
Page 455 and 456:
1982] CASSUNAE—senna 445 scarcely
Page 457 and 458:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 447 Cassia
Page 459 and 460:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 449 Sesse &
Page 461 and 462:
1982] CASSIINAE—SENNA 451 Neg. 24
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1982] CASSUNAE—senna 453 tierra t
Page 465:
^m\m'^Y%^ws:m.yitmxmfsmsiiimmammKmm
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