cygwin_install.txt cygwin_install.txt - csserver

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These are generic instructions. You may have also been given specific
instructions about particular packages to install.
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INSTALLING CYGWIN
The Cygwin utilities provide a fairly complete UNIX−like environment
for Windows. Included are shells, editors, file utilities, services,
compilers, interpreters, development utilities, and an X server and
many X programs. Here’s a partial list:
shells: bash, tcsh, pdksh
editors: vi, emacs, xemacs, nano (pico)
file utils: tar, awk, sed, make, gzip, gunzip, zip, unzip, bzip2, bunzip2
a2ps, enscript, bc, file, d, diff
services: apache, ssh, ftp, telnet
compilers: gcc (C), g++ (C++), g77 (Fortran), gjc (Java), nasm (Assembly),
interpreters: perl, python, ruby, clisp (Common Lisp), guile (Scheme)
devel utils: awk, sed, autoconf, automake, bison, byacc, flex, gdb, ddd
patch, cvs, rcs
net utils: ssh, ncftp, telnet, wget
cygwin_install.txt
===========================================================================
INSTALLATION
I will assume that you are installing cygwin from the CDROM.
Instructions are similar if you are installing over the
internet. It is also assumed that you are using Windows XP.
The instructions might have to be modified slightly if you
are using Windows 98/ME/2000.
1) Insert the CDROM into the drive and then double−click on the
setup icon to start the installation program.
2) Click on the "Next" button in the window that appears.
3) In the next window, check the "Install from Local Directory"
button (assuming you are installing from CDROM), then click on
the "Next" button.
4) In the next window I recommend that "C:\cygwin" be used as the
root directory, that the install be done for "All Users" and that
"Unix" be used for the default text file type. (These are usually
the default settings.) Click the "Next" button. (Actually,
"D:\cygwin" or "E:\cygwin" are fine to use for the root
directory if you have room on those drives/partitions. You’ll
need about 2 GB of space to install everything. If you are
selective and don’t install everything (you won’t need it all)
you’ll still need about 500 MB.)
5) Set the Local Package Directory to the drive letter of your CDROM
drive (typically D:, E:, or Z:). Again, I’m assuming that you
are installing from the CDROM. Click the "Next" button.
6) Go study while the setup program verifies each of the software packages
on the CDROM. (If you move, minimize, maximize, or cover up the setup
window while the program is searching the CDROM, it may seem as if
the window is frozen. The program is still working though and after
a while the next window will appear.) The verification can take from 5 to
30 minutes depending on the speed of your CDROM drive.
7) When the "Select Packages" window appears, you can expand the categories
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by clicking on the + to the left of the category name. You can click on
the little circle next to a package name to install a particular package
within a category. You can continue to click on the circle for
installation options for a package. You can also click on the circle next
to the category name to cycle through choices for all the packages in a
category.
If you are installing from the UE cygwin CDROM all of the packages
you need for C++ programming should be automatically selected. You
can install additional packages if you want to.
If you are installing over the internet you will need to select the
packages that you need. For C++ programming, you’ll need at least
the default set of packages plus gcc, g++ and make from the Developer
category. I recommend that you pick one or more editors (I recommend
emacs−X11) from the Editor category too, although you can always use
Notepad or some other Windows editor. Install the openssh package
for an ssh client that you can use to log into csserver.
You can choose to install all of the packages by clicking on the circle
next to the "All" category at the top of the window. That will
require approximately 2 GB of free space on your drive and will include
a lot of stuff that you don’t need.
Don’t worry about which packages you’ll need too much, you can always
come back and install other packages later. (Just the additional
packages you want will be installed, already installed packages will be
reinstalled only if an upgrade is available.)
8) Go study some more while the packages install. After the packages install
a final window will appear which will give you the option to create icons
on the Desktop and in the Start Menu. I recommend that you at least add an
icon to the start menu. Click on the "Finish" button to finish the
installation.
9) Now open a Cygwin shell window by clicking on the icon on the
Desktop (if you created one) or in the Start Menu. (Read the
cygwin−tips.txt file for information about a better terminal
emulator, rxvt, in the "Cygwin Text Mode" section of the file.)
10) A note: The topmost directory under cygwin is the / (root) directory.
This corresponds to the C:\cygwin directory in windows.
11) One last item. Your default working directory (your HOME directory
in UNIX parlance) in Cygwin will be /home/USERNAME where USERNAME is
your windows USERNAME. (This is \cygwin\home\USERNAME under Windows.)
This is usually fine, unless your USERNAME has a space in it. (Some
Cygwin utilities won’t work properly if your HOME directory has a space
in it.) At the Cygwin shell prompt type "pwd" (print working directory)
to display your HOME directory. If it has a space in it I recommend
that you change it.
To change your home directory edit the file /etc/passwd (this would be
\cygwin\etc\passwd in Windows) Find the line in the file that corresponds
to your username. The line contains a colon separated list of entries.
The next to last entry should be your HOME directory. Change the entry
to read /home/NEWNAME where NEWNAME is USERNAME with the spaces removed
(or pick any word to use as long as it doesn’t have spaces). Save the
file.
Exit the Cygwin window (type "exit). Open a new Cygwin window.
Type "pwd" to verify that your HOME directory has changed.
Printed by U−KC261PC\ar63
If your HOME directory has not changed or you couldn’t find a line
in /etc/passwd corresponding to your username, then set the
Windows HOME environment variable to whatever you want your
HOME directory to be. Right click on the "My Computer" icon,
select "Properties" from the menu. In the Window that appears
click the "Advanced" tab and then the "Environment Variables"
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button. In the Window that appears click the "New" button in the
user variable area (the top one). Enter HOME for the variable
name and C:\cygwin\home\NEWNAME for the variable value. Adjust
the drive letter as appropriate and choose a NEWNAME without
spaces. Close the Windows by clicking on the "OK" button.
Open a new Cygwin window and verify that the HOME directory has
been changed.
12) OK, this is really the last item. Read the cygwin−tips.txt file now.
Printed by U−KC261PC\ar63
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