standardization of records keeping in indian zoos - Central Zoo ...

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Representatives of the following families have been successfully tagged with VIE. Fish Acanthuridae - surgeonfishes Adrianichthyidae – ricefishes Anarhichadidae – wolffishes Apogonidae – cardinalfish Carangidae – jacks Centropomidae – snooks Centrarchidae – sunfishes Chaetodontidae – butterflyfishes Chanidae – milkfishes Clupeidae – herrings Cottidae – sculpins Cyprinidae - carps and minnows Cyprinodontidae - pupfishes Eleotridae - sleepers Engraulidae – anchovies Gadidae – cod Galaxiidae - galaxiids Girellidae – nibblers Gobiidae - gobies Ictaluridae - North American catfishes Kuhliidae – flagtails Labridae – wrasses Lutjanidae – snappers Moronidae – temperate basses Mugilidae – mullets Percichthyidae – temperate basses Percidae – perches Petromyzontidae – lampreys Poecilidae– livebearers Polynemidae – threadfins Pomacentridae– damselfishes Salmonidae – salmon, trout, char Scophthalmidae – turbots Scorpaenidae– scorpionfishes and rockfishes Serranidae - sea basses Sparidae – sea breams and porgies Syngnathidae – sea horses and pipefishes Terapontidae – grunters or tigerperches Instruction for implantation of VIE Tags and VI Alpha Tags are provided with all VIE/ VI Alpha Tag kits and are available for download from the website www.nmt.us 74
8.3 Natural Differences The most common and straightforward method of identifying individual elasmobranchs is to take note of natural differences in coloration, markings, size, and/or sex (Ellis, pers. com.; Lewand, pers.com.; Smith, pers. com.; Violetta, pers. com.). This technique is particularly effective with species of a mottled, spotted, or otherwise non-uniform coloration. For example, sand tiger (Carchariastaurus), broadnose sevengill (Notorynchuscepedianus), and white tip reef (Triaenodonobesus) sharks can often be distinguished by thedistribution of darker spots on their bodies. The shape of dorsal fins, and notches or scars thereon, have been used to identify individual white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) in the wild(Klimley and Ainley, 1998).Relative size differences between individuals may become less obvious as animals grow. However, it is unusual for an individual within a collection to completely change its size ranking relative to other members of the group. Of course a medical condition that affects appetite or food assimilation may change this equation. Behavioral differences may be used as natural identification technique. Janse (pers. com.) has noted a clear and reliable difference in the feeding behavior of two individual blacktip sharks(Carcharhinus limbatus). Individual animals may consistently choose a specific area of an exhibit to swim and/or rest, or have distinctly different behavior toward the presence of divers.The skin pigmentation of some elasmobranch species is patterned, variations of which arecharacteristic to individuals. The arrangement of white spots on spotted eagle rays (Aetobatusnarinari), particularly around the base of the tail, is distinctive for each individual (Gruber, pers. com.).These patterns are similar to human fingerprints in the sense that they are unique and do not changeover time. Photo-identification of individual animals, as has been used in cetacea for many years, has recently been employed in elasmobranchs (Gruber,pers. com.). Firchau (pers. com.) has successfully used photo-identification to distinguish between individual chain dogfish (Scyliorhinus retifer). The chain-like patterns are characteristic for each individual, with the most distinctive differences occurring in the bands on the dorsal part of the head and the pectoral region 75
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STANDARDIZATION OF RECORDS KEEPING
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Acknowledgements The present projec
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3.Part- II- Marking of Animals for
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Executive Summary The present repor
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ISIS started in 1973 with 51 zoos i
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ACCESSION NUMBER Accession No.= Loc
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used only if you decide to add the
Page 15 and 16:
DEACCESSION - The process by which
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B. KEEPER’S DIARY Most of the zoo
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Name of the Zoo- Keeper ___________
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Recommended Daily Report with ficti
Page 23 and 24: Note: a) Date of Birth - if the ani
Page 25 and 26: Recommended studbook to be maintain
Page 27 and 28: Picture1: Cabinets for holding Medi
Page 29 and 30: ANIMAL VACCINATION CARD Species- Ho
Page 31 and 32: ANIMAL DEWORMING CARD Species- Hous
Page 33 and 34: ___________________________________
Page 35 and 36: - Survey/questionnaires - Keeper Re
Page 37 and 38: Unfortunately it doesn‟t exist. T
Page 39 and 40: individual. Photographs are well su
Page 41 and 42: applied with pliers that flatten a
Page 43 and 44: may be easier to read but the ink w
Page 45 and 46: IV. Tag loss is primarily attribute
Page 47 and 48: ensure even contact (uneven contact
Page 49 and 50: Cow 2-10 weeks 10 secs Macpherson a
Page 51 and 52: Since ear tags do occasionally come
Page 53 and 54: Picture 14: American Oyatercatcher
Page 55 and 56: onto the marker. Commercial cattle
Page 57 and 58: Picture 21: Neck collars on waterfo
Page 59 and 60: Picture 22: Marking position in a s
Page 61 and 62: should never be involved in the cod
Page 63 and 64: glue helps to ensure that the PIT t
Page 65 and 66: 7.3 FREEZE BRANDING Freeze branding
Page 67 and 68: Picture 30: Photo Id in Sand Lizard
Page 69 and 70: Figure4: Ventral scale clipping sys
Page 71 and 72: Buckmeier and Irwin (2000) found th
Page 73: Picture 38 Advantages of VIE tags
Page 77 and 78: Laboratories, Phoenix, USA), a liqu
Page 79 and 80: Annexure I Local ID # Common Name &
Page 81 and 82: Annexure III Keeper’s Diary The f
Page 83 and 84: Annexure IV Daily Report __________
Page 85 and 86: Observation Sheet Date Observation
Page 87 and 88: Annexure VII A Recommended Medical
Page 89 and 90: Annexure VII C STOOL EXAMINATION CA
Page 91 and 92: Date Annexure VII E ANIMAL TRANQUIL
Page 93 and 94: LITERATURE CITED Aldrich, J.W. and
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