Assessing Competitiveness In Moldova's Economy - Economic Growth

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Development Alternatives, Inc. Moldova Competitiveness Assessment: Quality Assurance Infrastructure—Annex A essential requirements. Specialized market surveillance authorities and customs typically carry out market surveillance. Inspectors of market surveillance would randomly purchase products from the market, for example from a grocery store, and carry out a set of tests against the requirements in a technical regulation for this particular product. Milk products, for instance, should pass certain microbiological and chemical tests to verify its quality and ensure it is safe for consumption. If the product is found to be noncompliant, an investigation is launched that could involve the police and other authorities, depending on the threat level. July 2004 • DRAFT Key terms Page 15
Development Alternatives, Inc. Moldova Competitiveness Assessment: The Wine Cluster Introduction THE WINE CLUSTER Wine and related (distilled) products represent Moldova’s second most important foreign exchange earner, after workers’ remittances. It accounts for roughly one-fourth of total (gross) merchandise exports, and for an even greater percentage in value-added terms. The share of this sector in industrial employment is roughly 25 percent, and possibly even higher if the cluster as a whole (including bottles, labels, laboratories, and the like) is considered. Semidry and semisweet wines account for 75 percent of total production, dry table wines for 10 percent, sparkling wines for another 10 percent, and fortified wines for 5 percent. Some 93 percent of total production is exported. In 2003, total revenues from wine exports amounted to US$195 million, plus US$36 million for distilled products (mostly brandy). Russia is the principal market, accounting for over 80 percent of exports. As other agriculture, total wine production has declined sharply from the levels in the mid- 1980s, as illustrated in Figure 5. Gorbachev’s anti-alcohol policy, the fragmentation of land holdings during land reform following independence, and the removal of subsidies on agricultural inputs combined to reduce total vineyard acreage by over 40 percent since the mid-1980s. Total production has stabilized somewhat in recent years, even showing a slight upward trend. The proportion of wine bottled has more than doubled from the early (and late—following the Russian ruble crisis) 1990s, reaching an average of 63 percent over the last three years. Figure 5: Wine production trends July 2004 • DRAFT Page 1
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Assessing Competitiveness In Moldova's Economy - Economic Growth

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