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Earth Science Frontiers, Vol. 17, Special Issue, Aug. 2010 ISSN 1005-2321 228 A Early Jurassic Flora from Southern Jilin, China Chunlin Sun 1 , Tao Li 2 , Lijun Zhang 3 1. Key-Lab for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China (E-mail: clsun@jlu.edu.cn) 2. Geologic Museum of Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China 3. Bureau of fossil protection and administration of Liaoning , Shenyang 110032, China A diversity Early Jurassic flora was preserved in the fine-grained sandstone and siltstone beds from the middle-upper part of the Yihe Formation in the Yihe Basin, southern Jilin, China. The Yihe Formation is represented by fluvial and swamp sediments, consisting of conglomerates, sandstones, siltstlnes, and thin coal layers. The Yihe flora is composed of 35 species belonging to 22 genera, containing Equisetales: Equi- setum laterale Phillips,Neocalamites carrerei (Zeiller) Halle, N. hoerrensis (Schimper) Halle, N. cf . rugousus Sze, Annulariopsis sp. Filicales: Marattiopsis hoerensis (schimper) Thomas, Coniopteris sp. 1, Coniopteris sp. 2, Clathropteris obovata Öishi. Filices incertae sedis: Cladophlebis nebbensis (Brongniart) Nathorst, Clado- phlebis tersus Chang, Cladophlebis sulktensis var. crassa Brick, Cladophlebis sp. Bennettiales: Ptero- phyllum baotoum Zhang, Pterophyllum exhibens Li, Pterophyllum propinquum Goeppert, Perophyllum cf. tietzei Schenk, Pterophyllum sp., Anomozamites sp., Tyrmia? aequalis Liu et Mi, Cycadolepis corrugata Zeiller. Nilssoniales: Nilssonia inouyei Yokyama, N. orientalis Heer N. sp. Cycadales: Ctenis chinensis Hsu, Ctenis sp. Ginkgoales: Ginkgo digitata (Brongniart) Heer, Baiera cf. concinna (Heer)Kawasaki, Glosso- phyllum? sp. Czekanowskiales: Phoeniopsis sp. Coni- ferales: Storgaardia pityophylloides Liu et Mi, Podaozamitalis: Podaozamites sp., Lindleycladus lanceolatus (Lindley et Hutton.) Harris. Semina: Car- polithus sp. Form genus incertae sedis: Taeniopteris cf. tenuinervis Braun. The flora is dominated by cycads and ferns. Among cycads, the most of genera have been found from the Early Jurassic foloras of the North and South China except for Siberia and the northern part of Northeastern China. Based on comparisons with subtropic or tropic floras from the southern China, some typical genera of cycads, for instance Ptilophyllum, Otozamites, are absent in the present flora. Ferns possesses a higher percentage in the present flora, especially the occurrence of Clathropteris seems to indicate a warm and humid climate, but compared with the those of the subtropic and tropic floras the com- ponents of Dipteridaceae are not abundant. Ginkgos and Czekanowskiales with a low-diversity showing seasonal change of climate also occur in the present flora. The more abundant Neocalamites of horsetail shows relatively complete fragmentation suggesting it grew close to the depositional site. Sedimentological characteristics and the composition of the flora signifi- cantly indicate a relatively warm and humid palaeo- climate for the Yihe Basin Early Jurassic. The age of the Yihe flora has been generally accepted as Early Jurassic (Liu and Mi, 1981, Bureau of geology and mineral resources of Jilin, 1982). Although the Yihe flora contains some taxa that are long ranging through Late Triassic to the Jurassic in Eurasia, the occurrence and low-diversity of Coniopteris offers an evidence supporting a late Early Jurassic age. This genus is long ranging (late Early Jurassic to Late Cretaceous) in the Northern Hemisphere, but it begin to occur in the late Early Jurassic and diverse in the Middle Jurassic, absent in the early Early Jurassic. Only two incomplete specimens of Coniopteris were collected from this flora. It is a significant component for us to regard the age of the present flora as late Early Jurassic. The present flora is similar to the those of Early Jurassic floras distributed in the North China and Middle Asia, such as Fuxian flora from Northern Shanxi, Yongdingzhuang flora from Datong, Shanxi, Wudanggou flora from Inner Mongolia, The flora of the upper mumber of Beipiao Formation from Western Liaoning, Tianshuigou flora from Northeastern border of Qaidam Basin, Qinghai and Aksaisk flora from Issyk-kul Basin, Sandjia flora from Gissar, Kokkija flora from Eastern Fergana, Sarikamish flora from Northern Fergana, Dzhil flora from Northern Kirgizija. Acknowledgements: Supported by Project 111 of China. Key words: Southern Jilin; Early Jurassic; Flora References: Bureau of geology and mineral resources of Jilin Province. Regional geology of Jilin Province. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1988: 1- 698 (in Chinese). Bureau of geology and mineral resources of Jilin Province. Stratigraphy (Lithostratic) of Jilin Province. Wuhan: China University of Geo- sciences Press, 1997: 1-324 (in Chinese). Genkina R.Z. Older Mesozoic flora and stratigraphy
Earth Science Frontiers, Vol. 17, Special Issue, Aug. 2010 ISSN 1005-2321 from Issykkul Basin, Kirghiz. Moskva: “Nauka” 1966: 1-148 (in Russian). Chen F., Dou Y.W., Huang Q.S. The Jurassic flora of West Hills Beijing. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1984: 1-136 (in Chinese). Gothan W. Die unterliassischen Flora der Umgegend von Nürnberg. Abh. Naturhist. Ges. Nürnberg, Bd. 1914, 19:91-186. Gothan W. Die Unterscheidung der Lias uns Rhät Flora. Ztschr. Dt. Geol. Ges. Bd. 1935, 87:692-695. Halle T.G. Zur Kenntnis der mesozoischen Equisetales Schwedens. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl, Bd. 1908, 43(1):1-56. Harris T.M. The fossil flora of Scoresby Sound, East Greenland. 1. Cryptogams (exclusive of Lycopo- diales). Medd Grronland, 1931, 85(2):1-102. Harris T.M. The fossil flora of Scoresby Sound, East Greenland. 2. Description of seed plants incertae sedis together with a discussion of certain cycado- phyte cuticles. Medd Greenland, 1932, 85(3): 1- 112. Harris T.M. The fossil flora of Scoresby Sound, East Greenland. 4. Ginkgoales, Coniferales, Lycopo- diales and isolated feuctifications. Medd Green- land, 1935, 112(1):1-176. Harris T.M. The fossil flora of Scoresby Sound, East Greenland. 5. Stratigraphic relations of the plant beds. Medd Greenland, 1937, 112(2): 1-114. Harris T.M. The Yorkshire Jurassic flora. I. Thallo- phyta-Pteridophyta. London: British Museum (Natural History), 1964: 1-212. Huang Z.G., Zhou H.Q. Palaeobotany. In: Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (ed.), Mesozoic stratigraphy and palaeontology of the Shaanxi, Gamsu and Ning Xia Basin. Vol.1. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1980: 43-198 (in Chinese). Kawasaki S. Second addition to the older Mesozoic plants in Korea. Bull. Geol. Surv. Korea, 1939, 4(3):1-69. Kilpper K. Über eine Rät-Lias Flora aus dem nördelichen Abfall des Elburs Gebirges in Nord Iran. 1. Bryophyta und Pteridophyta. Palaeon- tographica B., 1964, 114:1-78. Kimura T., Tsujii M. Early Jurassic plants in Japan, Part 3. Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeon- togical Society of Japan, New Series, 1981: 124. Li B.X., Hu B. Fossil plants from the Yongdingzhuang Formation of the Datong coalfield, Northwen Shanxi. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 1984, 23(2): 135-147 (in Chinese). Li P.J., He Y.L.,Wu X.W., et al. Early and Middle Jurassic strata and their floras from Northeastern Border of Qaidam Basin, Qinghai. Nanjing: Nan- jing University Press, 1988: 1-231 (in Chinese). Lu M.Q., Mi J.R. A discussion on the geological age of the flora and it’s underlying volcanic rocks of Early Jurassic Epoch near Linjiang, Jilin Province. Journal of Changchun University of Earth Sciences, 1981, 3: 18-29 (in Chinese). Mi J.R., Xu K.Z., Zhang C.B., et al. Mesozoic Strata of Beipiao, Liaoning. Journal of Changchun Univer- sity of Earth Sciences, 1980, 4: 18-37 (in Chinese). Mi J.R., Sun C.L., Sun Y.W. Early-Middle Jurassic phytoecology and coal-accumulating environ- ments in Northern Hebei and Western Liaoning. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1996: 1- 169 (in Chinese). Sun C.L., Sun Y.W., Liu F.X., et al. The Shansonggang Flora from Southern Jilin and it’s geological age. Global Geology, 2003, 22(3): 209-213 (in Chinese). Sze H.C., Li X.X., Zhou Z.Y. Mesozoic plants from China. Beijing: Science Press, 1963: 1-429 (in Chinese). Vachrameev V.A. Jurassic and Early Cretaceous flora of Eurasia and their paleonfloristic provinces. Moskva: Nauka, 1964 (in Russian). Vachrameev V.A. Jurassic and Cretaceous floras and climate of the Earth. Moscow: Nauka, 1988: 1-290 (in Russian). Vachrameev V.A. Jurassic and Cretaceous floras and climate of the Earth. Cambridge: Cambridge Uni- versity Press, 1991: 1-318. Weber R. Die fossile Flora der Rhät-Lias Übergangs- schichten von Bayreuth (Oberfranken) unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Coenolo- gie.Erlanger geol. Abb. H., 1968, 72:1-73. Ye M.N., Liu X.Y., Huang G.Q., et al. Late Triassic and Early-Middle Jurassic fossil plants from Northeastern Sichuan. Hefei: Anhui Science and Technology Publishing House, 1986: 1-141 (in Chinese). Zeiller R. Flore fossile gites de chabon du Tonkin. Paris: Edude gites mineraux de la France, 1903: 1-328. Zhou Z.Y. Jurassic Floras. In: Li X.X. (ed). Fossil Floras of China Through the Geological Ages. Guangzhou: Guangdong Science and Technology Press, 1995: 343-410. 229
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