Brazil, R&D and the role of clusters

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metallurgical sectors, which will supply inputs for the construction of the ordered ships. The ships shall be built in Brazil, with the assurance of a nationalization rate of 65% in Promef I and 70% in Promef II. There will be a need for more shipyards which will need Norwegian equipment. 8 new yards are projected on locations along the Brazilian coast, thus reducing the status of Rio de Janeiro as the main shipbuilding state. The new yards are to be built in the states of Alagoas, Pernambuco, Santa Catarina, Maranhão, Bahia, Rio Grande do Sul and Céara. The Brazilian Navy has an ambitious program for construction of patrol-boats to be used for guarding the platforms offshore the Brazilian coast, including the pre-salt area. The program calls for construction of; 32 patrol-boats until 2016 in Brazilian yards. 27 patrol boats will be of 500 TDW and 5 destined at tactical actions of 1.800 TDW. The maritime construction sector promises high level of activity over the coming years. Besides the investments in the offshore and maritime industries, there is a high level of activity and business opportunities in other areas as well. In May 2010, Norsk Hydro ASA announced a 4.9 billion USD purchase of the Brazilian mining giant Vale’s aluminum activities, securing bauxite supplies to last for a century. This is Norway’s biggest ever foreign acquisition. Hydro is also playing an important role in promoting the use of solar energy as an important electricity source. There are Norwegian companies represented in sectors such as biofuels (Umoe), fertilisers (Yara), forestry (Norske Skog) and banking (DnB NOR). Trade and investments Product exports to Brazil represent approximately 0.40% of the total exports. Imports from Brazil amounts to 1.4% of the total imports. The bilateral trade relations are going far back in time. Already at the beginning of the 19th century Norway traded salted cod for Brazilian coffee. Dried and salted cod is still the second most important export item (23% of total Norwegian exports to Brazil in 2010), but in recent years the supply of equipment to the offshore and maritime industries have become increasingly important. There has been a large increase (42%) in trade in 2010 and Norwegian goods exports increased by 82% compared to 2009. Norway exported services for 5.3 billion to Brazil in 2010. This is the second largest market after the European Union and the United States. Norway is also becoming a large investor in Brazil. According to the Brazilian Central Bank, Norway became investor country number 8 in 2010, investing US$ 1,535 billion. This is a large increase from being number 25 in 2008 with investments amounting to US$ 207 million. This means that Norway invested more than traditional partners as Spain, Germany, South Korea and Portugal, a fact that receives attention. Page 11 of 40
Bilateral agreements Trade development There has been made several bilateral agreements between Norway and Brazil in the last years, being: MoU om fiskeri- og oppdrettsamarbeid 2009 MoU om samarbeid innen høyere utdanning 2008 MoU om samarbeid innen miljø (inkl. norsk bistand til Amazonasfondet) 2008 MoU om handel av fisk- og akvakultur/bioprodukter 2003 Dobbeltbeskatningsavtale (FIN ønsker å revidere avtalen) 1980 Avtale om teknisk, økonomisk og industrielt samarbeid 1978 Page 12 of 40 Exports Imports Total
Page 1 and 2: NCE. Brazil, R&D and the role of cl
Page 3 and 4: 1. Introduction to the Federative R
Page 5 and 6: the late 80’s and early 90’s. C
Page 7 and 8: There are specific manifestations o
Page 9 and 10: - More than 50% report bribery atte
Page 11: 2. Bilateral business and relations
Page 15 and 16: emphasizes the differences between
Page 17 and 18: Most of the Brazilian executives di
Page 19 and 20: 4. Research and innovation in Brazi
Page 21 and 22: conditions necessary for creating a
Page 23 and 24: 5. Innovation and business developm
Page 25 and 26: The Action Plan is based on the fun
Page 27 and 28: The strategic areas selected as lin
Page 29 and 30: 6. Clusters in Brazil Government fo
Page 31 and 32: The technology development system f
Page 33 and 34: Veículos elétricos: Insumos para
Page 35 and 36: Anprotec Anprotec has made an analy
Page 37 and 38: -Even being able to identify priori
Page 39 and 40: Cluster overview Prof. Ketels of th
Page 41: esearch and development in companie

Brazil, R&D and the role of clusters

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