Brazil, R&D and the role of clusters

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PACTI prioritize the consolidation of the National System of STI and increased innovation in business. It consists of four priorities covering 21 lines of action producing 87 programs (with more than 200 subprograms to assist in its management). The four priorties. 1 Expansion and Consolidation of the National STI System: expanding, integrating, modernising and consolidating the National System of Science, Technology and Innovation. A set of driving actions and policies for integrating Science, Technology and Innovation in Brazil. The consolidation of this system recommends its structure with the business sector, states and municipalities, in view of the strategic areas for the country's development and revitalization and consolidation of international cooperation. Other important targets in this new context, T & I are: increasing the number of scholarships for education and training of skilled human resources and improving the system of promotion for the consolidation of the infrastructure of scientific and technological research in various areas of knowledge. One of the most important aims of PACTI is the improvement and consolidation of Ministry of Science and Technology incentive schemes through programs and instruments operated by CNPq and FINEP. These should form a co-ordinated and integrated set of programs and means of support to guarantee conditions for expanding and improving quality in the national system of Science, Technology and Innovation, as well as improving their geographical distribution within the country. Improving incentive programs demands a variety of initiatives and actions that must be widely discussed within the scientific community 2 Promoting Technological Innovation in Industry Developing an environment favourable to energising the process of technological innovation in business with an aim to increasing employment, income and value added at the various stages of production. This is one of the objectives of this priority that stimulates including more research staff in the productive sector, spreading a culture of absorbing technical and scientific knowledge, and training human resources for innovation. Another target is building the Brazilian Technology System (SIBRATEC), the greatest of which is supporting the development of business, supplying technological services, especially those concerning Basic Industrial Technology (TIB). There are also actions aimed at increasing the number of business incubators and industrial zones, as well as enabling the development of innovation businesses that can manage themselves. 3 RDI in strategic areas: reinforcing research and innovation activities Brazil’s strategic areas. Opportunities for scientific and technological development are unequally distributed between the areas of knowledge and sectors of activity. Advanced technology sectors, firmly based in scientific knowledge, are usually fertile areas generating opportunities to innovate, grow quickly, create high-quality jobs and have a positive effect on other sectors of the economy, so they are essential for economic growth and development. Page 25 of 40
The strategic areas selected as lines of action for this PACTI priority are: Biotechnology and Nanotechnology ICT Health supplies Biofuels Electrical power, hydrogen and renewable energy sources Oil, gas and coal Agribusiness Biodiversity and natural resources The Amazon and semi-arid region The weather and climate change The space programme National defence and public safety In this PACTI plan, special attention is paid to certain technology-intensive areas. These are areas that have sectoral crossover, are multi-disiplanary in the technical and scientific fields and are potentially very innovative and energising in economic terms and which, together with their significant importance for the balance of payments, justify their selection. 4 Science and technology for social development, promoting the popularisation and improvement of science teaching in schools as well as broadening the spread of technologies for inclusion and social development. FINANCIAL RESOURCES The funds given to developing science and technology in general, and in particular to supporting innovation in business, have been substantially increased in the period 2007-2010, so that the efforts made in R&D and in other forms of intangible investments will be doubled in the very near future. As well as the expansion envisaged in the Ministry of Science and Technology’s funds, as shown in the below figure, it is also planned to increase the amount of other public funds to complement these. Page 26 of 40
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