Brazil, R&D and the role of clusters

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provide greater control and coordination for actions needed to develop and strengthen science, technology and innovation in Brazil. It is connected to other action plans since all of them share the task of creating, including and using scientific and technological knowledge in order to be carried out. The aim of these plans is to organize, structure and give visibility to the Federal Government’s actions, the success of which depends on the contribution of other areas of public power, state and municipal governments, as well as sectors of civil society, especially the business sector. The background to the viability of all the action plans is the success of the Federal Government’s successful policy of economic stability by means of controlling inflation, a balanced budget and public debt, as well as creating significant international reserves and the economic growth arising from strengthening the domestic market. The integrated pattern of the various plans is illustrated graphically in the below figure. Figure: Integrated pattern of the action plans To understand the scope of programs for increasing the science, technology and innovation level of the Brazilian companies, it is important to have in mind the size of the country, the many ministries, the regional differences and the relation between the Federal Government and the individual autonomy of the individual states. In relation to the Norwegian reality, the Brazilian status is far more complex and multifaceted. Page 23 of 40
The Action Plan is based on the fundamental principle that, as with investments in tangible goods, those concerning intangible investments such as research and development (R&D), training, education and acquisition of technologies, are also of vital importance for social and economic development. Its main aim is to create conditions for Brazilian businesses to significantly speed up the creation and adoption of technological innovation so that they can add value to their production and increase competitiveness. To this end, it focuses on increasing interaction between those working in the system, aiming both to broaden the national the national scientific base in terms of consolidating excellence in various areas of knowledge, as well as increasing the technological capacity of Brazilian firms to create, acquire and turn knowledge into innovations leading to increased value added to their products and their entry into domestic and international markets. The main federal government bodies operating in the areas of science and technology are: MCT: Ministry of science and technology. MEC: Ministry of education. MAPA: Minsitry of agriculture, livestock and supply. MDIC: Ministry of development, industry and foreign trade. MS: Ministry of health. MME: Ministry of mining and energy. MD: Ministry of defence. MC: Minstry of communications. Page 24 of 40
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