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from 10 to 6, and “undetermined” excursions —
for which it was not possible to determine from
reports which phase they occurred in — fell
from 10 to 2. In total, the number of excursions
from 2010 to 2012 decreased from 98 to 57, or
42 percent.
In each year, landing excursions outnumbered
takeoff excursions by a considerable
margin.The majority of excursions — including
both takeoff and landing excursions — were
classified as “loss of directional control” in each
of the study period’s three years, but the number
was reduced each year (Figure 5). The fewest
overruns, both on takeoff and landing, occurred
in 2011.
The number of excursions diminished each
year in the Edmonton, Toronto and Montreal
flight information regions. 8
Notes
1. NAV Canada. Quarterly Runway Safety Report. .
2. The report defines a runway incursion as “any occurrence
at an aerodrome involving the incorrect
presence of an aircraft, vehicle or person on the
protected area of a surface designated for the landing
and takeoff of an aircraft.”
3. In the report, a pilot deviation is defined as “an action
of a pilot that results in noncompliance with an
ATC [air traffic control] instruction/clearance or a
violation of a Canadian Aviation Regulation.”
4. The report defines an ATS deviation as “a situation
which occurs when air traffic services are being provided
and when a preliminary investigation indicates
that safety may have been jeopardized, less than
minimum separation may have existed, or both.”
5. A pedestrian or vehicle deviation is defined in the
report as “a situation that occurs when a vehicle
operator, a non-pilot operator of an aircraft or a
pedestrian proceeds without authorization onto the
protected area of a surface designated for landing or
takeoff. This classification includes security breaches
but excludes animals.”
6. The report does not define the distinction between
civil and airline operations.
7. The report defines a runway excursion as occurring
“when an aircraft fails to confine its takeoff or landing
to the designated runway. This may occur during
FLIGHTSAFETY.ORG | AEROSAFETYWORLD | MAY 2013
Canadian Runway Excursions, 2010–2012
Number of incursions
78
64
10 10
8
2010 2011 2012
Landing
98
Takeo Undetermined Total
4
76
49
6
2
DATALINK
Note: An excursion is categorized as “undetermined” when the report did not give sufficient
information to determine the phase in which the excursion took place.
Source: NAV Canada
Figure 4
Canadian Runway Excursions, by Type, 2010–2012
Number of excursions
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: NAV Canada
Figure 5
Loss of
directional
control
Landing
overrun
Landing
Takeo
overrun
Type of runway excursion
57
Takeo Undetermined
2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012
the takeoff roll if the aircraft leaves the runway other
than by becoming fully airborne or if an attempted
landing is not completed within the confines of the
intended runway.”
8. A flight information region (FIR) is an airspace of
defined dimensions extending upward from the
surface of the earth, within which a flight information
service and an alerting service are provided.
The Canadian Domestic Airspace is divided into
the Vancouver, Edmonton, Winnipeg, Toronto,
Montreal, Moncton and Gander domestic FIRs.
The regions are shown visually in the Designated
Airspace Handbook , published by
NAV Canada, p. 177.
Undershoot
on landing
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