A spatial multi-risk hazard assessment and vulnerability study of ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

INDEX LIST OF FIGURES.....................................................................................................................V LIST OF TABLES VII ABSTRACT VIII Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION..................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 PROBLEM DESCRIPTION.................................................................... 1-4 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY................................................................... 1-5 1.3 METHODOLOGY.................................................................................... 1-6 1.4 STUDY AREA ............................................................................................1-7 Chapter 2: HAZARDS, RISK AND VULNERABILITY.....................................2-10 2.1 HAZARDS.................................................................................................2-10 2.1.1 Types of hazards. .......................................................................................2-10 2.1.2 Hazard Assessment ...................................................................................2-12 2.2 RISK ............................................................................................................2-12 2.2.1 Sources of Risk...........................................................................................2-13 2.2.2 Ordinary versus Catastrophic Risks........................................................2-14 2.2.3 Risk Assessment.........................................................................................2-14 2.3 VULNERABILITY ..................................................................................2-15 2.3.1 Exacerbating Circumstances ....................................................................2-16 2.3.2 Risk Perception ..........................................................................................2-16 2.3.3 Risk Management.......................................................................................2-18 2.3.4 Risk Communication.................................................................................2-19 2.4 GEOGRAPHY IN HAZARD, RISK AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS .....................................................................................................................2-20 2.5 GIS IN HAZARD, RISK AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS ....................................................................................................................2-20 Chapter 3: MADIBENG HAZARD IDENTIFICATION...................................3-23 3.1 APPROACH ..............................................................................................3-23 3.2 IDENTIFIED HAZARDS IN MADIBENG .....................................3-24 Chapter 4: NATURAL HAZARDS...........................................................................4-30 4.1 FLOODS ....................................................................................................4-30 4.1.1 Hazard Identification ................................................................................4-32 4.1.2 Risk and Vulnerability Assessment .........................................................4-33 4.1.3 Conclusions and Recommendations.......................................................4-42 II
4.2 VELD FIRE...............................................................................................4-44 4.2.1 Hazard Identification ................................................................................4-46 4.2.2 Risk Assessment.........................................................................................4-49 4.2.3 Vulnerability Assessment..........................................................................4-55 4.2.4 Conclusions and Recommendations.......................................................4-56 4.3 DROUGHT ...............................................................................................4-59 4.3.1 Hazard Identification ................................................................................4-61 4.3.2 Risk Assessment.........................................................................................4-62 4.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment..........................................................................4-70 4.3.4 Conclusion and Recommendations. .......................................................4-72 4.4 GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS..................................................................4-74 Chapter 5: HUMAN INDUCED HAZARDS ........................................................5-77 5.1 POVERTY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION. .........5-77 5.1.1 Causes of Poverty ......................................................................................5-79 5.1.2 Effects of Poverty......................................................................................5-91 5.1.3 Risk Assessment.........................................................................................5-95 5.1.4 Vulnerability Assessment........................................................................5-106 5.1.5 Summary ...................................................................................................5-108 5.2 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ..............................................................5-110 5.2.1 Hazard Identification ..............................................................................5-111 5.2.2 Hazmat Risk and Vulnerability Assessment ........................................5-118 5.2.3 Summary ...................................................................................................5-130 Chapter 6: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS..........................6-131 6.1 GIS FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN MADIBENG ..........6-132 6.1.1 Data............................................................................................................6-132 6.1.2 Processes ...................................................................................................6-133 6.1.3 Software.....................................................................................................6-133 6.1.4 Hardware...................................................................................................6-135 6.1.5 People ........................................................................................................6-135 6.2 RECOMMENDATIONS......................................................................6-135 6.2.1 Floods:.......................................................................................................6-136 6.2.2 Fire: ............................................................................................................6-136 6.2.3 Drought:....................................................................................................6-137 6.2.4 Geological Hazards..................................................................................6-138 III
Page 1: A spatial multi-risk hazard assessm
Page 5 and 6: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1: Deaths
Page 7 and 8: LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1: Classific
Page 9 and 10: provides information to the Municip
Page 11 and 12: In modern times people have come to
Page 13 and 14: 1.1 PROBLEM DESCRIPTION It seems th
Page 15 and 16: whether for further research on haz
Page 17 and 18: • Demography Population data avai
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 2: HAZARDS, RISK AND VULNER
Page 21 and 22: 2.1.2 Hazard Assessment There are t
Page 23 and 24: • Externalities from choices by o
Page 25 and 26: It is also important to remember th
Page 27 and 28: • Risks to an individual in a sma
Page 29 and 30: 2.4 GEOGRAPHY IN HAZARD, RISK AND V
Page 31 and 32: It is possible to profile the geogr
Page 33 and 34: Unfortunately, because of the metho
Page 35 and 36: Epidemics The slope of an area has
Page 37 and 38: Human Induced/Environmental Homelan
Page 39 and 40: Chapter 4: NATURAL HAZARDS. Develop
Page 41 and 42: 4.1.1 Hazard Identification To iden
Page 43 and 44: Table 4-1 indicates settlements and
Page 45 and 46: Figure 4-2: Urban flood hazard scen
Page 47 and 48: • Dam Failure Scenarios Figure 4-
Page 49 and 50: Figure 4-5: Vaalkop and Rooikoppies
Page 51 and 52: • Klipvoor dam failure scenario.
Page 53 and 54:
4.2 VELD FIRE Periodic fires are na
Page 55 and 56:
percent of local veld fires reporte
Page 57 and 58:
Madibeng therefore has a relatively
Page 59 and 60:
This report provides an account of
Page 61 and 62:
Figure 4-9: Madibeng fuel categorie
Page 63 and 64:
Figure 4-10: Fire hazard map for Ma
Page 65 and 66:
However, there are areas around the
Page 67 and 68:
Fire protection associations should
Page 69 and 70:
dry land areas, because for them dr
Page 71 and 72:
Drought can be defined in several d
Page 73 and 74:
The annual average rainfall for Mad
Page 75 and 76:
Figure 4-13: Percentage of clay con
Page 77 and 78:
The drought risk assessment was the
Page 79 and 80:
4.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment. Soc
Page 81 and 82:
Figure 4-17 indicates that a large
Page 83 and 84:
Improved remote sensing from satell
Page 85 and 86:
Figure 4-19: Madibeng dolomite geol
Page 87 and 88:
characterised by good housing, the
Page 89 and 90:
Traditional land use practices that
Page 91 and 92:
The unequal distribution of wealth
Page 93 and 94:
Figure 5-2: Population 5-19 year ol
Page 95 and 96:
Figure 5-3: Madibeng employment rat
Page 97 and 98:
Figure 5-4: Poor households and env
Page 99 and 100:
Figure 5-5: Percentage male populat
Page 101 and 102:
5.1.2.1 Malnutrition and Starvation
Page 103 and 104:
In arid regions, drought can leave
Page 105 and 106:
5.1.3.1 Income level approach Incom
Page 107 and 108:
esources. The quality and quantity
Page 109 and 110:
Figure 5-7 shows the distribution o
Page 111 and 112:
However, there are serious safety a
Page 113 and 114:
The central and northern areas do n
Page 115 and 116:
In South Africa only one percent of
Page 117 and 118:
major economical setbacks that has
Page 119 and 120:
5.2 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS As was disc
Page 121 and 122:
The following hazardous locations a
Page 123 and 124:
These are only industries identifie
Page 125 and 126:
Figure 5-13: Necsa 5-116
Page 127 and 128:
5.2.2 Hazmat Risk and Vulnerability
Page 129 and 130:
The high concentration of mining ac
Page 131 and 132:
Figure 5-16: Brits industrial area
Page 133 and 134:
Figure 5-18: Necsa risk area
Page 135 and 136:
Bapong-Skoolplaas Majakaneng Madiny
Page 137 and 138:
Figure 5-20: Hazardous material tra
Page 139 and 140:
5.2.3 Summary Although hazardous ma
Page 141 and 142:
6.1 GIS FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN
Page 143 and 144:
and risk assessments in place, it w
Page 145 and 146:
It would not necessarily be the sol
Page 147 and 148:
6.2.4 Geological Hazards Very littl
Page 149 and 150:
6.3 SUMMARY GIS has the capability
Page 151 and 152:
Blong, R., Murty, T., Papadopoulos,
Page 153 and 154:
Greene, R.W., 2002: Confronting Cat
Page 155 and 156:
RSA., 1998: Poverty and Inequality
Page 157 and 158:
Zschau, J. and, Küppers, A.N., 200
Page 159 and 160:
# Please indicate general location
Page 161 and 162:
3 - 4 - 4. Dangerous: 3.4a a) Plant
Page 163 and 164:
The following data will be needed i
Page 165:
Filename: Madibeng_multiple_hazard9
show all

A spatial multi-risk hazard assessment and vulnerability study of ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?