Development of a Liquid Scintillator and of Data ... - Borexino - Infn

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1 Solar Neutrinos km in the earth. The mixing angle in matter ÑØ is related to the one in vacuum by the relation ×Ò ÑØ This expression has a resonance for Thus, for regions with there is local maximal mixing ×Ò Ó× ÄÓ× ÄÑØ ×Ò ÄÓ× ÄÑØ Ó× Ó× ¡Ñ Ô ×Ò ÑØ ÑØ Æ even though the vacuum mixing angle can be very small. As from the solar core to the surface, the density of the matter decreases from 150 g/cm in the core to zero at the surface, this condition can be fulfilled for all electron neutrinos produced in the solar core with energies above a given threshold: ¡Ñ Ó× Ô Æ The neutrinos with energies are generated in the solar core ( ) as electron neutrinos, which in the high density region are mainly constituted by the heavier mass eigenstate. Under adiabatic conditions no transitions between the heavy and the light eigenstate occur, so that the neutrino leaves the sun as a neutrino of a different flavour. In the non-adiabatic case, the conversion is only partial. The phenomenon of neutrino oscillations in matter can also take place inside the earth: electron neutrinos that have been converted into other flavours inside the sun, can regenerate while crossing the earth, leading to a day/night asymmetry in the detected neutrino rate. 14
Neutrino-Oscillation Solutions to the Solar Neutrino Problem 1.3 The Solar Neutrino Puzzle A global analysis of the Homestake, SAGE, GALLEX+GNO and Super-Kamiokande results leaves only a few allowed regions in the ¡Ñ ØÒ plane. These are shown in fig. 1.6 [Bah01b]. The choice of the variable ØÒ rather than ×Ò allows to include also mixing angles larger than (the so-called dark side). The no-oscillation hypothesis is excluded at 99.7 % C.L. ( ). The latest results from Super-Kamiokande [Fuk01] and SNO [Ahm01] disfavour the possibility of oscillations to sterile neutrinos and prefer the solutions with large mixing angles (×Ò ), e.g. [Fog01, Bah01b]. The best fit values for the global analysis including the SNO results are listed in table 1.3 and shown in fig. 1.7 [Bah01b]. The CC measurement by SNO has not changed qualitatively the globally allowed solution space for solar neutrinos, though it has provided convincing evidence for neutrino oscillations into active neutrinos. I will show in the next chapter, that the BOREXINO experiment has the potential to distinguish between the currently allowed oscillation scenarios. Figure 1.6: Global analysis of the Homestake, SAGE, GALLEX/GNO and Super-Kamiokande results, taking into account the total rates, and the B energy spectrum measured by Super- Kamiokande separately during the day and during the night as well as the theoretical neutrino fluxes according to BP00. The MSW solutions are known as ”small mixing angle”, ”large mixing angle” and ”low” solution, respectively. The contours correspond to 90 %, 95 %, 99 % and 99.73 % C.L. relative to each of the best-fit solutions (marked with black circles). Taken from [Bah01b]. 15
Page 1: Fakultät für Physik der Technisch
Page 4 and 5: Abstract The first chapter contains
Page 6 and 7: Übersicht an Radionukliden in BORE
Page 8 and 9: Contents 3 The Counting Test Facili
Page 10 and 11: Contents viii
Page 12 and 13: 1 Solar Neutrinos Figure 1.1: The p
Page 14 and 15: 1 Solar Neutrinos 1.2 Detection of
Page 16 and 17: 1 Solar Neutrinos With this detecti
Page 18 and 19: 1 Solar Neutrinos 1.2.3 Future Expe
Page 20 and 21: 1 Solar Neutrinos 1.3.2 Astrophysic
Page 22 and 23: 1 Solar Neutrinos Using the unitari
Page 26 and 27: 1 Solar Neutrinos 16 Solution ¡Ñ
Page 28 and 29: 2 The Borexino Experiment The relat
Page 30 and 31: 2 The Borexino Experiment Figure 2.
Page 32 and 33: 2 The Borexino Experiment 2.2 The D
Page 34 and 35: 2 The Borexino Experiment 2.3 Detec
Page 36 and 37: 2 The Borexino Experiment 2.3.2 Anc
Page 38 and 39: 2 The Borexino Experiment which per
Page 40 and 41: 2 The Borexino Experiment 2.4 Backg
Page 42 and 43: 2 The Borexino Experiment ns; Rn-
Page 44 and 45: 2 The Borexino Experiment volume wo
Page 46 and 47: 3 The Counting Test Facility (CTF)
Page 56 and 57: 4 Position Reconstruction of Scinti
Page 72 and 73: 5 Particle Identification with a Ne
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5 Particle Identification with a Ne
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6 Test of a PXE based scintillator
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7 The Source Runs in CTF2 transpare
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7 The Source Runs in CTF2 7.3 The S
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7 The Source Runs in CTF2 102 of th
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7 The Source Runs in CTF2 7.4 Analy
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7 The Source Runs in CTF2 7.4.2 Rec
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7 The Source Runs in CTF2 7.4.3 Ene
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7 The Source Runs in CTF2 112 reemi
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Summary and Outlook possible to dis
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Bibliography [Ade98] E. G. Adelberg
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Bibliography [Bra00] L. De Braeckel
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Bibliography [Lom97] P. Lombardi, D
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Bibliography [Vog96] R. B. Vogelaar
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Danksagung An dieser Stelle möchte
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Development of a Liquid Scintillator and of Data ... - Borexino - Infn

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