penaeus monodon - Cochin University of Science and Technology

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Fig. 4.10. Serum cholesterol levels in P. monodon sub-adults fed AFBI diets at 4 and 8 weeks 98 Fig.4.11. Total haemocyte count in P. monodon sub-adults in AFBI toxicity in amelioration study 104 Fig. 4.12. Acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activity in AFBI toxicity in amelioration study 106 Fig. 4.13. Total protein, albumin and globulin levels in P. monodon sub-adults in AFBI amelioration study 107 Fig. 4.14. AlbuminlgGlobulin ratio in AFBI amelioration study 109 Fig.4.15. Cholesterol, glucose and triglyceride levels in AFBI amelioration study 110 Fig.4.16. Lactate dehydrogenase activity in AFBI amelioration study112
List of Plates Plate la. Set up for the experiment on growth performance in P. monodon postlarvae Plate lb. Set up for the experiment on interactive study in P. monodon postlarvae Plate 2a. Set up for the experiment on pathological and immunological changes in P. monodon juveniles fed aflatoxin Bl incorporated diets Plate 2b. Set up for the experiment on amelioration of aflatoxin Bl toxicity in P. monodon sub-adults Plate 3a. Initial stage of P.monodon postlarvae III the growth performance study Plate 3b. Final stage of P. monodon postlarvae in the control group Plate 3c. Final stage of P. monodon postlarvae in the group given 2000 ppb aflatoxin Bl Plate 4a. Hepatopancreas of control shrimp. Note the normal structure of tubules, lumen and cells. H & E 100x Plate 4b. Section of hepatopancreas of control shrimp showing B, Rand F cells and the lumen of the tubules. H & E 200x Plate 4c. Enlarged view of the section of the hepatopancreas of control shrimp showing different cells. H & E 400x Plate 5a. Section showing the normal structure of the midgut region . H & E 100x Plate 5b. Section of control shrimp showing the normal structure of the gills and muscles. H&E 100x
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS Preface i-ii Acknowledgeme
Page 5 and 6: PREFACE The spectacular progress sc
Page 8 and 9: study in P. monodon 64 Chapter 4 Ta
Page 10 and 11: Table 4.25. ANOV A of hyalinocyte i
Page 12 and 13: Table 4.51. Levels of glucose, chol
Page 16 and 17: Plate Se. Section of control shrimp
Page 18 and 19: Plate 13b. Section of hepatopancrea
Page 20 and 21: Plate 20b. Section of the gills rev
Page 22 and 23: Plate 2Sc. Electron micrograph depi
Page 24 and 25: List of Abbreviations AB- Amrita Bi
Page 26 and 27: INTRODUCTION The success tales of t
Page 28 and 29: hazard. It cannot be eliminated fro
Page 31 and 32: Chapter 11 Review of Literature
Page 33 and 34: effects and general digestive disor
Page 35 and 36: genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, tera
Page 37 and 38: aflatoxin B J in rats (Raisuddin et
Page 39 and 40: aflatoxin as the aetiological agent
Page 41 and 42: alterations like dystrophy of liver
Page 43 and 44: trout fed 20 ppb AFB). Juvenile roh
Page 45 and 46: mass mortalities of P. monodon in c
Page 47 and 48: elow detection limit of 2 ppb III s
Page 49 and 50: 2.2. Effect of other toxins and hea
Page 51 and 52: 2.3.1. Detoxification and ameliorat
Page 53 and 54: Biological methods of decontaminati
Page 55: Verma et al. (2001) enumerated the
Page 58 and 59: 2.3.6 Other chemicals and enzymes L
Page 60 and 61: 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experiment
Page 62 and 63: hypochlorite (200 ppm) and vigorous
Page 65:
Fig. 3.3. Flow chart for estimation
Page 70 and 71:
Added 1 ml of aflatest developer to
Page 72 and 73:
each of the three treatments and th
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1400 hours (30%) and 1800 (40%) hou
Page 76 and 77:
cadmium chloride in 10 ml of distil
Page 78 and 79:
in the rearing water and fed 500 pp
Page 81 and 82:
3.7.2. Feed preparation All the fee
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fonnalin and cooled in refrigerator
Page 85 and 86:
DPX, the micro slides were observed
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supematant to test tube marked as t
Page 90 and 91:
Separation of AFBl by TLC The stand
Page 92 and 93:
Plate 2a . Set up for the experimen
Page 94 and 95:
Haemolymph collections were made fr
Page 96 and 97:
The absorbance was measured at 520
Page 98 and 99:
Chapter IV Results
Page 100 and 101:
4.2. Growth and feed performance in
Page 102 and 103:
intake in the control was about 15%
Page 104 and 105:
Specific growth rate The mean speci
Page 108 and 109:
Fig. 4.2. Protein efficiency ratio
Page 110 and 111:
Histological changes The cephalotho
Page 112 and 113:
Plate 5 Plate 5a. Section showing t
Page 117 and 118:
Table 4.15. Growth responses of P.
Page 119 and 120:
Protein efficiency ratio (PER) and
Page 121 and 122:
While in the fourth group, (cadmium
Page 123 and 124:
Plate 9 Plate 9a. Hepatopancreas of
Page 125 and 126:
Table 4.22. Effect of AFBI on total
Page 127 and 128:
Table 4.24. Differential haemocyte
Page 129 and 130:
Plate lOa. Total haemocyte count in
Page 131 and 132:
Table 4.31. ANOVA of phenol oxidase
Page 134 and 135:
Table 4.36. Total serum protein lev
Page 136:
Table.4.40. Serum cholesterol level
Page 139 and 140:
of the hepatopancreas. No change wa
Page 141 and 142:
Plate 13 Plate 13a. Hepatopancreas
Page 143 and 144:
Plate 15 Plate l.5a. Section ofhepa
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149:
tissue growth around the tubules, h
Page 154 and 155:
Plate 25a. Electron micrograph of h
Page 156 and 157:
observed (Plate 22a-22d). After 8 w
Page 158 and 159:
Gross pathology After 30 days of ex
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group 5 (Amrita Bindu), 6 (Vit.E),
Page 162 and 163:
A/G ratio The mean Albumin IGlobuli
Page 164:
Fig. 4.14. Albumin/Globulin ratio i
Page 168 and 169:
Aspartate transaminase (AST/SGOT) T
Page 170 and 171:
Plate 28a. Hepatopancreas section o
Page 172 and 173:
Chapter V Discussion
Page 174 and 175:
Table 5.1. Aflatoxin levels in diff
Page 176 and 177:
AFBl on other growth indices like p
Page 178 and 179:
Copper and cadmium were selected fo
Page 180 and 181:
and Reciman, 1985) and P.monodon (B
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circulating haemocyte number can be
Page 184 and 185:
(ProPo) present in the haemocytes,
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mycotoxins such as AFB 1, may arise
Page 188 and 189:
weeks. However, the authors did not
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lumen, loss of architecture of cell
Page 192 and 193:
lipids in the bio-membranes by free
Page 194 and 195:
safety, safeguarding of nutritional
Page 196 and 197:
cytoplasmic tramsaminase present in
Page 198 and 199:
hepatopancreas, hence contributes t
Page 200 and 201:
of mice (Verma and Nair, 2001). In
Page 202:
CONCLUSION The current study has re
Page 209 and 210:
REFERENCES Abdel-Wahhab, M. A, S.A
Page 211 and 212:
with a high affinity aluminosilicat
Page 213 and 214:
Dalvi, R. R. 1986. An overview of a
Page 215 and 216:
Haller, R. D. and R. 1. Roberts. 19
Page 217:
Kiessling, K. H. 1986. Biochemical
Page 220 and 221:
Nunez,O., 1. D. Hendricks and A. T.
Page 222 and 223:
Raju, M.V.L.N., S.V.Rama Rao, K. Ra
Page 224:
supplement for the prevention of ni
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penaeus monodon - Cochin University of Science and Technology

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