- Page 4 and 5: Chapter 3. Materials and Methods 33
- Page 6: determine the efficacy of vitamins
- Page 9 and 10: Table 4.13. Percentage mortality P.
- Page 11 and 12: Table 4.37. ANOVA of total serum pr
- Page 13 and 14: List of Figures Page No. Chapter 3
- Page 15 and 16: List of Plates Plate la. Set up for
- Page 17 and 18: Plate 10c. Differential haemocyte c
- Page 19 and 20: Plate 16e. Section revealing a comp
- Page 21 and 22: Plate 23a. Electron micrograph depi
- Page 23 and 24: Plate 28e. Section of hepatopancrea
- Page 25 and 26: Chapter I Introduction
- Page 27 and 28: To meet the increased demand for fi
- Page 29: direct cost of billions of dollars
- Page 32 and 33: 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1. Aflato
- Page 34 and 35: 2.1.4. Factors favouring aflatoxin
- Page 36 and 37: 2.1.5.2. Carcinogenecity Aflatoxins
- Page 38 and 39: 2.1.6.1. Carcinogenesis High incide
- Page 40 and 41: B1 and aflatoxicol in rainbow trout
- Page 42 and 43: activities and bacterial agglutinat
- Page 44 and 45: found to have 24 hr LCso of approxi
- Page 46 and 47: 4 weeks and showed lesions in the h
- Page 48 and 49: Table 2. 2. FDA Guidelines on maxim
- Page 50 and 51: synergy, for most parameters when c
- Page 52 and 53:
Extensive studies have been carried
- Page 54 and 55:
2.3.3. Natural antioxidants and che
- Page 57 and 58:
(N-methyl.N' -nitro-N-nitroguandine
- Page 59 and 60:
Chapter III Materials and Methods
- Page 61 and 62:
for a week. Before the initiation o
- Page 63:
3.3.2. Processing of Feed Ingredien
- Page 69 and 70:
overnight. After drying, the pellet
- Page 71 and 72:
Table 3.2. Ingredient composition o
- Page 73 and 74:
Table 3.4. AFBl dosages in feed in
- Page 75 and 76:
3.5.3. Formulae used 1. Weight gain
- Page 77 and 78:
Plate 1 a. Set up for the experimen
- Page 79:
Table 3.6. Dosage of AFBl and Cu IC
- Page 82 and 83:
3.7.3.1. Haemolymph for haemocyte c
- Page 84 and 85:
alcohol clean slides from the conce
- Page 86 and 87:
uffer and other reagents as in test
- Page 88:
Fixation: The tissues were fixed in
- Page 91 and 92:
was gift from Prof.E.R.B. Shanmugas
- Page 93 and 94:
feed ingredients and feed formulati
- Page 95 and 96:
Total Albumin Pippeted 5.7 ml of 28
- Page 97 and 98:
Triglyceride concentration = Absorb
- Page 99 and 100:
4. RESULTS 4.1. Aflatoxin Bl contam
- Page 101 and 102:
Histological observations of the di
- Page 103 and 104:
Table 4.4. Response of postlarvae o
- Page 105:
Plate 3 Plate 3a. Initial stage of
- Page 109 and 110:
Survival rate Survival rate was sev
- Page 111 and 112:
Plate 4 Plate 4&. Hepatopancreas of
- Page 113:
Plate 6 Plate 6a. Section of hepato
- Page 118 and 119:
Specific growth rate The mean speci
- Page 120 and 121:
Plate 7 Plate 7a. Hepatopancreas of
- Page 122 and 123:
Plate 8a. P. mono don in the contro
- Page 124 and 125:
Table 4.21. Survival of shrimps at
- Page 126 and 127:
Differential haemocyte count (DUC)
- Page 128 and 129:
Table 4.26. ANOV A of semi-granuloc
- Page 130 and 131:
Table 4.29. ANOV A of percentage ph
- Page 132:
Table 4.33. ANOV A of acid phosphat
- Page 135 and 136:
Table 4.38. Glucose levels in P. mo
- Page 138 and 139:
Plate 11 Plate 11a. Section ofhepat
- Page 140 and 141:
Plate 12 Plate 12a. Section ofhepat
- Page 142 and 143:
Plate 14 Plate 14&. Section ofhepat
- Page 144 and 145:
Plate 16 Plate 16a. Hepatopancreas
- Page 146 and 147:
Plate 18 Plate 18a. Hepatopancreas
- Page 148 and 149:
Plate 20 Plate 20a. Note the loss o
- Page 153 and 154:
Plate 2%. Electron micrograph of he
- Page 155 and 156:
Plate 26a. Electron micrograph depi
- Page 157 and 158:
Plate 27a. P. monodon of control sh
- Page 159 and 160:
Fig. 4.11. Total haemocyte count in
- Page 161 and 162:
Fig. 4.12. Acid phosphatase and alk
- Page 163 and 164:
Table 4.48. ANOV A of total protein
- Page 166:
Cholesterol ANOV A of cholesterol l
- Page 169 and 170:
Alanine transaminase (ALT/SGPT) The
- Page 171 and 172:
detachment and rounding of cells in
- Page 173 and 174:
5. DISCUSSION Aflatoxin BI represen
- Page 175 and 176:
Reports from Southeast Asia convinc
- Page 177 and 178:
due to the poor protein assimilatio
- Page 179 and 180:
combined effect of sub-lethal dose
- Page 181 and 182:
5.4.3. Immune system Aflatoxin BI a
- Page 183 and 184:
molting cycle, may influence the re
- Page 185 and 186:
increased slightly in 1000 ppb and
- Page 187 and 188:
Total serum cholesterol Cholesterol
- Page 189 and 190:
Besides, the effect of aflatoxins o
- Page 191 and 192:
previous findings in penaeids by Li
- Page 193 and 194:
proteins following changes in ATP/A
- Page 195 and 196:
slight increase in the haemocyte co
- Page 197 and 198:
5.5.3. Serum Glucose, Cholesterol,
- Page 199 and 200:
control group. Amrita Bindu is a he
- Page 201 and 202:
Conclusion & Summary
- Page 208 and 209:
References
- Page 210 and 211:
Examination of Water and Wastewater
- Page 212 and 213:
Camaghan,R.B.A..,G.Lewis, D.S.P. Pa
- Page 214 and 215:
EI-Sayeed, A. M. E. A. Soher and A.
- Page 216 and 217:
Hugget, G. S. A. and D. A. Nixon. 1
- Page 219 and 220:
Mohapatra, B. C. and A. Noble. 1991
- Page 221 and 222:
Patterson, D. S. P.and R. Allcroft.
- Page 223 and 224:
Sahoo, P. K. and S. e. Mukherjee. 2
- Page 226:
Souza, M. F., A. R. Tome and V. S.