The Role of Sports Economics in the Sport Management Curriculum

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Sport Management Degree Production The IPEDS data identifies degrees awarded by major using the Classification of Instructional Program (CIP) taxonomy for program specialties in higher education. CIP codes are six digit identifiers for majors; sport management falls in CIP code 31.0504 (“Sport and Fitness Ad- ministration/Management”). This category first appeared in the CIP taxonomy in 1991, suggesting that sport management has only recently become an identifiable academic discipline. The most recent completions data available are from academic year 2002-2003. Table 1 summarizes the available data on the number of colleges and universities that reported granting degrees in sport management since 1992. Table 1: Universities Awarding Sport Management Degrees Year Level of Degree Number of Institutions 1992 Bachelors Degree 65 1997 Bachelors Degree 139 2002 Bachelors Degree 216 1992 Masters Degree 9 1997 Masters Degree 16 2002 Masters Degree 43 According to Stier (2001) the first sport management program was founded in 1966 at Ohio University and by 1988 there were 75 undergraduate programs and 58 graduate programs. Stier (2001) also states that there were 193 sport management programs in 1993, but the IPEDS completions data suggest that only 65 colleges and universities granted undergraduate degrees, and only 9 granted masters degrees, in 1992. The reason for this discrepancy may be that many of the sport management programs reported by Stier (2001) actually granted degrees that carried some other designation, like Parks and Recreation or Sport Studies. Degrees with a designation other than sport management would be counted 4
in other CIP codes in the IPEDS data. From Table 1, the IPEDS completions data show that the number of colleges and universities granting undergraduate degrees in sport management more than doubled from 1992 to 1997 and almost doubled again from 1997 to 2002; the number of colleges and universities granting masters degrees increased by similarly high rates over this period. There has been a great deal of growth in the number of sport management bachelors and masters degrees awarded in the recent past. The IPEDS completions survey identifies the number of degrees granted by level of degree and by the gender of the recipient. Table 2 summarizes the number of degrees granted by level of degree and by gender of recipient over the 1992-2002 period. Table 2 indicates that the number of sport management degrees awarded over the 1992-2002 period also grew rapidly, consistent with the rapid increase in the number of programs shown on Table 1. This increase in degrees awarded suggests an underlying increase in the number of undergraduate and graduate sport management majors. If the recent general trend in increasing time to completion of undergraduate and graduate degrees holds in sport management, then the underlying increase in enrollment was probably even more rapid than the increase in degrees awarded over this period. The increase in completions also suggests an extraordinary increase in instructional activity in sport management programs over the period. Anecdotal evidence suggests that this growth in enrollment has continued since 2002. Note that the increase in degrees awarded did not differ by gender. There were basically two sport management degrees awarded to males for every female awarded an undergraduate degree in 1992 and in 2002, so growth in the number of majors by gender was similar over the period. In terms of masters degrees, the fraction of these degrees awarded to females increased from 21.5% in 2002 to 34.4% in 2002, indicating a significant increase in female enrollment in sport management masters programs over the period. Consistent with the conclusions of Mahoney et al (2004), very few doctorate degrees in sport management were reported in the IPEDS completions data. Only one doctorate degree in sport management was awarded in 1997, and only nineteen were awarded at three 5
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The Role of Sports Economics in the Sport Management Curriculum

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